Kilinc, Saltuk BugraMuluk, Nuray BayarSallavaci, Suela2025-01-212025-01-212023978-303133278-4978-303133277-7https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33278-4_41https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12587/23291Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is more than expected in children, such as 1-6% of children and adolescents have obstructive sleep apnea [1]. Most of the kids that get it are between the ages of 2 and 8. The likelihood of upper airway collapse, and therefore of pediatric OSA, may be decreased or raised by a number of variables. Obesity is a major contributor to the risk. The incidence of OSA rises to 19-61% when the population is broken down into obese children [2-5]. According to studies, the chance of developing OSA increases by 10-12% for every percentage point over the 50th percentile that a person's body mass index (BMI) resides in [6, 7]. There is a possibility of upper airway reduction with adenoids and tonsils that have grown too large; therefore, this condition has been described as a risk factor as well. Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea is often treated by adenotonsillectomy [8]. While inflammation of the nasal mucosa is thought to cause congestion, which in turn may raise airway resistance, allergic rhinitis (AR) is also considered a risk factor [9]. Moreover, maxillofacial anomalies and malocclusion have been linked to pediatric OSA [10]. Changes in the size, location, or shape of the jaws and/or tongue may limit the upper airway, increasing the risk of blockage [9]. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. All rights reserved.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessBreastfeeding; Children; Obesity; Risk factor; Sleep apneaBook Chapter50951710.1007/978-3-031-33278-4_412-s2.0-85197178266N/A