Apical microleakage of various biomaterials in simulated immature apices

Abstract

Background:In the treatment of open apex teeth, one-step apexification has been reported as an alternative method to the use of long-term calcium hydroxide. Materials and Methods: The present study evaluated and compared apical microleakage when ProRoot MTA (Dentsply) (Group I), DiaRoot BioAggregate (Diadent) (Group II) and Biodentine (Septodont) (Group III) were used in the endodontic treatment of the teeth with simulated immature apices. To simulate immature teeth, 57 bovine maxillary incisor roots were prepared and randomly divided into three groups (n = 15 per group). The remaining teeth were included in negative (n=6) and positive (n=6) control groups. The materials were prepared according to the manufacturer’s instructions and a radiograph was taken for each sample to confirm proper obturation of the samples. Apical microleakage was assessed using the dye penetration technique. Linear dye penetration was measured at 30X magnification and the data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA.Results:Group I showed the lowest apical leakage with a mean dye penetration of 4.64 mm (±SD), whereas the leakage was highest in Group II with a mean dye penetration of 5.45 mm (±SD). The difference between the leakage in Group I and II was statistically significant (p<0.05), but the differences between other groups (Group I-III and Group II-III) were not (p > 0.05).Conclusion:Based on the findings of this study, we conclude that the MTA and BD (especially Al) have the best sealing ability among the tested materials for treatment of obturated immature teeth.