Preoperative Vitamin D Level Predicts Operative Mortality After Cardiac Surgery

Abstract

Objectives: The present study aimed to analyze the prognostic value of preoperative serum vitamin D level in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Materials and Methods: The data of 360 adult patients who underwent isolated CABG surgery were retrospectively reviewed. We reached the data of preoperative serum vitamin D [25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD)] values of 305 patients. The patient population was divided into two groups based on preoperative serum 25-OHD levels with a normal range of 25-75 nmol/L (group I: patients with preoperative serum 25-OHD level <25 nmol/L and group II: patients with preoperative serum 25-OHD level ?25 nmol/L). The effect of preoperative 25-OHD level on operative mortality (mortality which occurred during the first 30 days after the operation) was determined using regression analysis and the results were expressed as Odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In the present study, operative mortality was 3.93% (n=12). One hundred and fifty seven patients (51.5%) had serum 25-OHD levels <25 nmol/L. The mean serum 25-OHD levels were significantly lower in females than in males (p<0.001). On logistic regression analysis, preoperative serum 25-OHD level was found to be independently associated with operative mortality (OR: 0.201, 95% CI: 0.043- 0.935; p=0.041). Conclusion: The presence of vitamin D deficiency seems to be an independent predictor of operative mortality after cardiac surgery in this retrospective study; however, prospective randomized trials are warranted to clarify the effect of preoperative vitamin D supplementation on postoperative outcomes in cardiac surgical patients.