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Öğe Comparison of electromagnetic field stimulation on the healing of small and large intestinal anastomoses(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001) Naycı, A.; Çakmak, M.; Aksoyek, S.; Renda, N.; Yücesan, S.PURPOSE: Magnetic fields have been shown to affect biologic processes. Accordingly, an experimental study was designed to investigate the effect of electromagnetic field stimulation on intestinal healing and to compare small and large intestinal anastomoses. METHODS: An ileal or a colonic anastomosis was constructed in rats. Beginning the day after surgery, randomly assigned groups were exposed to sinusoidal electromagnetic field stimulation of 10.76-mT intensity and 50-Hz frequency, with 2-hour-on/10-hour-off cycles. After seven days, intestinal anastomoses were assessed for hydroxyproline content and breaking strength. Statistical comparison between each experimental and control group yielded significance (P < 0.05) in all cases. RESULTS: Hydroxyproline content increased significantly in ileum from 1.650 +/- 0.11 (mean standard error of the mean) to 2.036 +/- 0.11 g/mg (P = 0.0249) and in colon from 1.526 +/- 0.11 to 1.922 +/- 0.11 mug/mg (P = 0.0135). Breaking strength also increased significantly in ileum from 0.213 +/- 0.01 to 0.255 +/- 0.01 MPa (P = 0.001) and in colon from 0.227 +/- 0.01 to 0.270 +/- 0.01 MPa (P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: Electromagnetic field stimulation provided a significant gain in anastomotic healing in both small and large intestine. There were no apparent differences detected between the healing of small and large intestinal anastomoses except for slight differences in the tune sequences of events and magnitude. The study demonstrated a significant increase in both biochemical and mechanical parameters. Additional investigations are needed to determine optimal conditions and promote selective biologic responses.Öğe Congenital vulvar teratoma in a newborn(W B Saunders Co, 2001) Çakmak, M.; Savaş, C.; Özbaşar, D.; Çandır, O.; Kaya, H.; Cağlayan, F.The most common site of teratomas in neonates is in the sacrococcygeal region. Herein the authors describe a congenital teratoma, and to their knowledge it is the first reported case of vulvar site in a newborn. Tumor was removed on the fourth day of life, and she was completely normal 18 months after the operation. Because of possible malignancy or recurrence, complete surgical excision of the tumor and the careful follow-up is the treatment of choice. Copyright (C) 2001 by W.B. Saunders Company.Öğe Efficacy of povidone-iodine in preputial antisepsis(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2003) Çakmak, M.; Çaglayan, F.; Kılıç, D.; Kaygusuz, S.; Çakmak, A.; Ulusoy, S.; Osluk, N.Wound infection after a surgical procedure is one of the main problems affecting the success of an operation. The prepuce is used in hypospadias surgery and in tissue defects in reconstructive surgery. The objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of povidone-iodine and surgical soap in preputial skin preparation. Ninety-four healthy children were divided into three groups. After obtaining preputial skin swabs, an application of povidone-iodine 10% was made and skin swabs were obtained after two and five minutes in group 1. An additional application of povidone-iodine after two minutes was made in group 2 and swabs taken. Group 3 received a local scrub with surgical soap and an application of povidone-iodine. Results showed that, despite painting with povidone-iodine and/or local cleaning with surgical soap, it is not possible totally to eradicate the micro-organisms in the prepuce. Surgical soap decreases the colony count, which can lead to increased effectiveness of povidone-iodine after painting. We recommend preoperative local cleaning with surgical soap before surgical painting.Öğe Intestinal duplication cyst associated with intestinal malrotation anomaly: Report of a case(Acta Medical Belgica, 2006) Somuncu, S.; Çakmak, M.; Çağlayan, E.; Ünal, B.Duplications of the alimentary tract are rare congenital malformations and may occur anywhere in the intestinal tract. Intestinal duplication cysts have been rarely found with intestinal malrotation anomaly. We present a 2-year old boy who had intestinal duplication cyst, associated with intestinal malrotation anomaly.Öğe Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion and plasma enzyme levels(Springer-Verlag, 2002) Çağlayan, F.; Çağlayan, O.; Günel, E.; Elcuman, Y.; Çakmak, M.Determination of blood levels of intracellular enzymes is an appropriate method to evaluate tissue an organ damage. To show systemic tissue damage resulting from intestinal ischemia-reperfusion, New Zealand rabbits underwent 60 min intestinal ischemia and 60 min reperfusion. Plasma samples were obtained before and at 55, 70, and 120 min after operation and enzyme levels were determined. Plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) showed a significant increase during reperfusion while lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) levels were significantly increased at the end of ischemia and continued to be so throughout reperfusion. It is difficult to claim that enzymes arise from the intestine, but an increase of CK, LDH. and later of AST without any increase in alanine aminotransferase levels during ischemia suggests that their primary source is the injured intestine. Increased levels of plasma enzymes do not provide exact information about the location, but do reveal the presence of an injury.Öğe The protective effect of trapidil on ischemia reperfusion injury(Wiley, 2006) Somuncu, S.; Çakmak, M.; Dikmen, G.; Dogan, P.…Öğe The role of the spleen on colonic anastomotic healing(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2003) Nayci, A.; Çakmak, M.; Comelekoglu, U.; Renda, N.; Aksoyek, S.The role of the spleen on wound healing remains unclear. This study investigates the effect of splenectomy on the healing of colonic anastomoses. Twenty-six Wistar rats were assigned into four groups: sham, splenectomy, anastomoses, and splenectomy and anastomoses. The rats underwent a standardized left colonic resection and primary anastomoses, and/or splenectomy. Bursting pressure and hydroxyproline content were used to evaluate anastomotic healing, five days postoperatively. No differences were found in the bursting pressure and hydroxyproline content between the groups. The present results indicate that splenectomy has no negative effect on the healing of colonic anastomoses in rats.Öğe Tourniquet application and epinephrine injection to penile skin: is it safe?(Springer-Verlag, 2002) Çakmak, M.; Çağlayan, F.; Kısa, Ü.; Bozdoğan, Ö.; Saray, A.; Cağlayan, O.Although a tourniquet is frequently used in penile surgery there is still no consensus on safe application time. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and histological changes in skin flaps after penile tourniquet application and epinephrine injection. A total of 36 male white New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into six groups each containing six animals. A Mathieu-like flap was raised in all of the groups and a tourniquet was applied and the penis was subjected to ischemia for 10, 20 and 40 min in groups 1, 2 and 3. respectively. The flaps were then allowed to reperfuse for 5 min. Biopsies for MDA measurement were harvested in these groups. Subcutaneous 1/200,000 epinephrine was injected into penile skin in group 4 and 5 rabbits and biopsies for MDA measurement were harvested 10 and 40 min after injection. The control group was anesthetized without tourniquet usage or epinephrine injection. Specimens taken from the harvested flaps of all groups were submitted for histological evaluation. The mean MDA levels in all experimental groups were higher than in the control group and the difference was statistically significant. Edema, congestion and extravasation were observed in groups 1, 2 and 3. Minimal congestion and edema were observed in group 4 and severe edema and extravasation in group 5. Tourniquet usage for a duration of less than 10 min is clearly safer than prolonged usage. Epinephrine injection to penile skin may show a deleterious effect on wound healing.
