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Öğe Dens evaginatus on maxillary first premolar: Report of a rare clinical case(2012) Çolak H.; Aylikçi B.U.; Keklik H.Dens evaginatus (DE) is an odontogenic developmental anomaly that can be defined as a tubercle or protuberance from the involved surface of the affected tooth consisting of an outer layer of enamel, a core of dentin, and may contain a slender extension of pulp tissue. Early diagnosis and management of DE is important in order to prevent occlusal interference, compromised esthetics, carious developmental grooves, periodontal problems due to excessive occlusal forces, or irritation of the tongue during speech and mastication. DE usually affects the mandibular second premolars as an accessory cusp or a protuberance between the buccal and lingual cusps. Reports of DE on maxillary premolar are rare in the literature. We report one such extremely rare case of DE on maxillary first premolar.Öğe Early childhood caries update: A review of causes, diagnoses, and treatments(2013) Çolak H.; Dülgergil C.; Dalli M.; Hamidi M.Dental caries (decay) is an international public health challenge, especially amongst young children. Early childhood caries (ECC) is a serious public health problem in both developing and industrialized countries. ECC can begin early in life, progresses rapidly in those who are at high risk, and often goes untreated. Its consequences can affect the immediate and long-term quality of life of the child?s family and can have significant social and economic consequences beyond the immediate family as well. ECC can be a particularly virulent form of caries, beginning soon after dental eruption, developing on smooth surfaces, progressing rapidly, and having a lasting detrimental impact on the dentition. Children experiencing caries as infants or toddlers have a much greater probability of subsequent caries in both the primary and permanent dentitions. The relationship between breastfeeding and ECC is likely to be complex and confounded by many biological variables, such as mutans streptococci, enamel hypoplasia, intake of sugars, as well as social variables, such as parental education and socioeconomic status, which may affect oral health. Unlike other infectious diseases, tooth decay is not self-limiting. Decayed teeth require professional treatment to remove infection and restore tooth function. In this review, we give detailed information about ECC, from its diagnosis to management.Öğe Effects of two different restorative materials on microleakage of class v cavities(Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry, 2010) Baglar S.; Dalli M.; Çolak H.; Ercan E.; Mustafa Hamidi M.Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the micro-leakages of a composite restorative material and a high viscosity glass ionomer cement restorative material in class V cavities at in-vitro conditions. Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 extracted, caries-free human superior premolar teeth were used. Class V cavities were prepared on buccal surfaces of all teeth which were standardized to be 1mm below from the enamel-cement session. Teeth were randomly separated into two groups, each consists of 15 teeth. In first group the prepared cavities was filled with a composite resin (S3 Bond + Clearfil Esthetic; Kuraray, Tokyo, Japan). And in the second group the cavities was filled with high flowable glass ionomer cement (Fuji IX GP; GC, Tokyo, Japan). The restorative materials polimerizated with using a LED (Elipar Freelight; 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany) light source. All specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 hours. And all specimens were subjected to 10000 times thermal cycles of 5 degrees C/55 degrees C for 1 minute each. Teeth covered with nail polish except 1mm circumference of restorations and stored in %1 methylene blue solution for 24 hours. After washing, the teeth were sectioned perpendicular at bucco-lingual direction and evaluated under ax15 stereomicroscope. The scores were statistically analyzied using the Kruskal-Wallis and the Mann Whitney U tests. Findings: There were not any statistical difference between the experimental groups (p>0.05). In group 1, cervical and occlusal micro-leakage scores were statistically different (p<0.05). Although in group 2, there were no statistical differences between the cervical and occlusal microleakage scores. Results: The both restorative materials used in class V cavities, had been found successful in micro-leakage evaluation.Öğe Halitosis: From diagnosis to management(2013) Aylikci B.; Çolak H.Halitosis is formed by volatile molecules which are caused because of pathological or nonpathological reasons and it originates from an oral or a non-oral source. It is very common in general population and nearly more than 50% of the general population have halitosis. Although halitosis has multifactorial origins, the source of 90% cases is oral cavity such as poor oral hygiene, periodontal disease, tongue coat, food impaction, unclean dentures, faulty restorations, oral carcinomas, and throat infections. Halitosis affects a person?s daily life negatively, most of people who complain about halitosis refer to the clinic for treatment but in some of the people who can suffer from halitosis, there is no measurable halitosis. There are several methods to determine halitosis. Halitosis can be treated if its etiology can be detected rightly. The most important issue for treatment of halitosis is detection etiology or determination its source by detailed clinical examination. Management may include simple measures such as scaling and root planning, instructions for oral hygiene, tongue cleaning, and mouth rinsing. The aim of this review was to describe the etiological factors, prevalence data, diagnosis, and the therapeutic mechanical and chemical approaches related to halitosis.Öğe Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome knowledge among high school students in Kirikkale province of Turkey(2013) Aylikçi B.U.; Bamise C.T.; Hamidi M.M.; Turkal M.; Çolak H.Background: The purpose of the present study was to assess the existing level of knowledge of high school children about human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and the sources of their information. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in two high schools in Kirikkale, Turkey and data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to obtain a representative sample. Results: Four hundred and seventy three participants; 230 males and 243 females were analyzed. Their ages ranged from 15 to 19 years with a mean age of 16.81 ± 1.27. 92.2% of the students claimed to have heard about HIV/AIDS prior to the study with slightly more females than males. Although with some misconceptions, majority of the participants knew that HIV is not transmitted by sharing meals, casual contact, and sleeping in the same room and using the same bathroom. 93.4% identified HIV/AIDS as a life-threatening disease and 27% believe that there is a cure for AIDS. 64% and 22.8% respectively believed that the people can protect themselves by using condoms and by avoiding sexual contact. Internet was preponderantly claimed as the most important source of information about HIV/AIDS. Conclusion: Empirical evidence from this study suggests that the students have a fairly high knowledge of HIV/AIDS. This is not without some misconceptions about the prognosis of the disease. Internet was the major source of HIV/AIDS information.Öğe Prevalence of caries among preschool-aged children in a central Anatolian population(2013) Doğan D.; Dülgergil C.T.; Mutluay A.T.; Yildirim I.; Hamidi M.M.; Çolak H.Objective: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a particularly destructive form of tooth decay that afflicts young children. The etiology and associated factors of ECC should be studied adequately to overcome this health hazard. The aim of this study was to determine caries prevalence and its consequences in toddlers in an Anatolian city, Kırıkkale. Materials and Methods: Examinations were performed in family medicine centers by three calibrated dentists during a period of 6 months. The status of dental caries was recorded according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. We recorded the clinical indexes of decayed, missed, and filled teeth (DMFT and dmft; upper-case letters refer to permanent and lower-case letters to primary teeth), and decayed, missed, and filled surfaces (DMFS). Results: Totally 3171 toddlers were included (52% males and 48% females). The mean age was 25.8 ± 10.1 months. The prevalence of ECC in preschool children was 17.3%, while the mean df(t) was 0.63 ± 1.79. ECC increased significantly with age. Dental caries were mostly observed in primary maxillary central teeth. Occlusal and buccal surfaces were the most affected sites. The difference in distribution of caries between maxilla and mandibula was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: When compared to other data obtained from various epidemiologic studies, the toddlers living in Kırıkkale city center had a significant caries level. This observation had clearly suggested that early preventive measures should urgently be put into effect all over the city.Öğe Topical fluoride application methods in dentistry(Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Dentistry, 2010) Ercan E.; Baglar S.; Çolak H.Prevention of dental caries in children and adults is one of the hallmarks of contemporary dental practice. While there are multiple components of preventive dental programs developed by dentists for their patients, perhaps none is as important and effective as the appropriate use of fluoride. Dentists have several options for optimizing the fluoride exposure of their patients. The purposes of this paper are to review various methods of topical fluoride methods applied both clinically and self-applied in dental practice.Öğe Unilateral fusion of mandibular permanent lateral incisor with canine: A report of a rare case(2013) Ayyildiz E.; Çolak H.; Turkal M.; Uzgur R.Fusion is a developmental anomaly which occurs due to a union of one or more adjacent teeth during morpho-differentiation of the dental germs. Early diagnosis of this condition is important because it may cause clinical problems, such as esthetic concerns and arch asymmetry. These anomalies may be unilateral or bilateral and may affect either dentition, although the deciduous teeth are more commonly affected. This report describes a rare case of unilateral fusion between the mandibular permanent lateral incisors and the canine. Only few cases have been previously reported in the English literature. Hence this article aimed at reporting a case of this rare condition and evaluating the presence of any associated pathology.
