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  • Küçük Resim
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    Consequences of Social Isolation in Rats on Their Antioxidant Defense System and Erythrocyte Deformability
    (Aves, 2009) Aydoğan, Sami; Aşçıoğlu, Meral; Çomu, Faruk Metin
    Purpose: In this study, our purpose was to investigate effect of oxidative stress composing in isolated rats on erythrocyte deformability and antioxidant system, considering importance of mechanical, and biochemical properties of erythrocytes in efficiency of blood circulation Material and Methods: Fourty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups according to their ages; where one of them consisted of 2 months old rats and the other 12 months old rats. Then, randomly selected ten rats in each group were isolated separately in a cage and hold 12/12 hour light-dark cycle lasting 21 days. Blood samples were collected at the end of the 21st day, and superoxide dismutasc (SOD), catalasc (CAT) activities and malondialdchydc (MDA) levels were measured spcctrophotometrically. Changes in plasma nitric oxide level were determined by Griess method depending on total nitrite -nitrate. In addition, relative filtration rate (RFR), relative filtration time (RFT) and relative resistance (Rrcl) of the erythrocytes were calculated as the indexes of erythrocyte deformability. Results: The SOD and CAT levels were found significantly lower in both of young and adult isolated rats when compared to the young and adult control groups. The nitric oxide levels were also found significantly lower in the young and adult isolated rats when compared to their control groups. The peroxidation of the lipids were also decreased by social isolation, in the erythrocyte membrane of both young and adult isolated rats compared to the controls. The indexes of erythrocyte deformability, RFR was found significantly higher, whereas the RFT was significantly lower in young and adult isolated rats compared to the young and adult controls. However, the Rrel of the erythrocytes were not altered dramatically. Conclusion: As a consequence, our data reveals that the social isolation causes a lack of plasma nitric oxide levels in the socially isolated rats and probably due to this decrease in one of the major oxidants for the erythrocyte membrane results in the decreased lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, our results reveal that the social isolation stress causes alterations in the antioxidant defense system and these alteration results in the changes in erythrocyte deformability reflecting that some tissue perfusion problems can occur with long term and repeated loneliness and especially in the early stages of the life span.
  • Küçük Resim
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    Consequences of social ısolation in rats on their antioxidant defense system and erythrocyte deformability
    (2009) Aydoğan, Sami; Aşçıoğlu, Meral; Çomu, Faruk Metin
    Amaç: Bu çalışmada amacımız, eritrositlerin biyokimyasal ve mekanik özelliklerinin dolaşımın etkinliğinin belirlenmesindeki önemini dikkate alarak, sosyal izolasyon uygulanan sıçanlarda oluşan oksidatif stresin eritrositlerin deformabilite özellikleri ve antioksidan sistem üzerine etkilerini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada 40 adet Sprague Dawley sıçan, 2 aylık (genç) ve 12 aylık (erişkin) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Daha sonra her gruptan 10'ar sıçan, 12/12 saat aydınlık/karanlık siklusunda, 21 gün boyunca tek başlarına ayrı kafeslere alınarak, sosyal izolasyon stresi yaratıldı. 21. gün sonunda alınan kan örneklerinde, eritrositlerde antioksidan enzimlerden SOD, CAT ve lipid peroksidasyonun bir göstergesi olarak MDA düzeyleri spektrofotometrik olarak ölçüldü. Plazma nitrik oksit değişiklikleri total nitrit-nitrat ölçümüne dayalı Griess yöntemi ile tayin edildi. Ayrıca hazırlanan eritrosit süspansiyonları %5 hematokrite ayarlanarak, filtrasyon yöntemi ile, relatif filtrasyon hızı (RFR), relatif filtrasyon zamanı (RFT) ve relatif direnç (Rrel) değerleri ölçüldü. Bulgular: SOD ve CAT düzeyleri hem genç hemde erişkin olan sosyal olarak izole edilmiş sıçanlarda istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı derecede düşük bulunmuştur. Sosyal izolasyon uygulanan sıçanlarda ,nitrik oksit düzeyleri de erişkinlerde daha belirgin olmak üzere hem genç hem de erişkinlerde daha düşüktür.Lipid peroksidasyon ürünü MDA düzeyleri de her iki grupta kontrollere göre azalmıştır.Eritrosit deformabilite indekslerinden RFR değerleri izole sıçanlarda önemli derecede yüksek bulunurken, RFT hem genç hem de erişkinlerde kontrollere göre düşük bulunmuştur.Ancak eritrositlerin Rrel değerlerinde önemli derecede bir değişiklik olmamıştır. Sonuç: Verilerimiz sosyal izolasyonun sıçanlarda plazma nitrik oksit düzeylerini azalttığı ve muhtemelen bu azalmayla bağlantılı olarak eritrosit membranında lipid peroksidasyonun da azaldığına işaret etmektedir. Ayrıca, sosyal izolasyon stresi antioksidan enzim aktivitelerini de değiştirmiş ve buda muhtemelen daha uzun süreli ve tekrarlanan yalnızlık durumlarında, özellikle yaşamın ilk dönemlerinde doku perfüzyonu problemlerine yol açabilecek deformabilite değişiklikleri ile sonuçlanabilecektir.
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    Diyabetik Ratlarda Propofol ve C Vitamini Uygulamasının Karaciğer ve Böbrek Dokusu Üzerindeki Etkisinin Araştırılması
    (2015) Arslan, Mustafa; Bilge, Mustafa; Sezen, Şaban Cem; Öztürk, Levent; Işık, Berrin; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Alkan, Metin
    Amaç: Diyabet komplikasyonları ile lipid peroksidasyonu arasında yakın ilişki olduğu bilinmektedir. Diyabetik ratlarda propofol farmako-dinamisi ve farmako-kinetiğinin değiştiği gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmada diyabetik ratlarda propofol ve C vitaminin karaciğer ve böbrek dokusuna etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık. Yöntemler: Çalışmada 28 Wistar Albino sıçan kullanıldı. Hayvanlar randomize olarak 4 gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol (K) grubuna sadece intraperitoneal salin verildi. Diyabet oluşturulacak 3 gruptaki hayvanlara ise tek doz streptozotosin verilerek (60 mg/kg) deneysel diyabet oluşturuldu. Diyabet-propofol grubu (DP) için hayvanlara intarperitoneal olarak 150 mg/kg propofol verildi. Diyabet-propofol ve C vitamini (DP+Vit C) verilen gruptaki hayvanlara 150 mg/kg propofol verilmeden 30 dakika önce 100 mg/kg C vitamini verildi. Diyabet Kontrol (DK) grubuna ise diyabet oluşturulduktan sonra sadece intraperitoneal salin verildi. İlaç uygulamadan sonra hayvanlar sakrifiye edilerek karaciğer ve böbrek doku preperatları histolojik ve biyokimyasal değerlendirme için hazırlandı. Antioksidan enzimler süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), katalaz (CAT), glutatyon peroksidaz (GST) aktiviteleri ve malondialdehid (MDA) konsantrasyonları karaciğer ve böbrek dokusunda ölçüldü. Bulgular: Karaciğer MDA düzeyleri; Diyabet kontrol (DK) grubunda DP, DP+Vit C ve K gruplarına göre yüksek bulundu (p=0.024, p=0.008, p=0.016). Kontrol grubu ve DP+ Vit C grubunda karaciğer SOD aktivitesi DK grubundan anlamlı olarak daha düşük bulundu (p=0.011, p=0.038). Kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında DP+ Vit C grubundaki karaciğer GST aktivitesi daha düşük olarak bulundu (p = 0.011). Karaciğer CAT aktivitesi açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark bulunamadı. DK grubundaki böbrek MDA düzeyleri DP+ Vit C ve K grubuna göre daha yüksek olarak bulundu (p=0.016, p=0.010). DK grubundaki böbrek SOD aktivitesi diğer üç gruba göre daha düşük bulundu (p=0.028, p=0.019, p=0.009). Böbrek dokusunda bakılan GST ve CAT aktiviteleri açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark bulunamadı. DP grubundaki histopatolojik hasarlanma düzeyi kontrol grubundan anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu. Sonuç: Diyabet kliniğinde lipid peroksidasyonu artmakta ve antioksidan aktivite azalmaktadır. Bununla birlikte C vitamini uygulaması bu durumdaki lipid peroksidasyonunu azaltırken antioksidan aktiviteyi de artırmaktadır. Çalışmamızın sonuçlarının diğer deneysel çalışmalarla desteklenmesi gerekmektedir
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    Effect of curcumin on erythrocyte deformability in mice with limb ischemia-reperfusion injury
    (Turkish National Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Society, 2022) Arslan, Gökhan; Kartal, Hakan; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Çetin, Erdem; Sicim, Hüseyin; Demirdaş, Ertan; Günay, Celalettin
    Objectives: This study aims to examine the impact of curcumin on erythrocyte deformability in a mouse model that can be used for short-term ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. Materials and methods: A total of 30 mice were divided into five groups of six animals in each. The mice were subjected to unilateral hind limb ischemia on the femoral vessels for 2 h. Reperfusion was achieved for the next 2 h. Curcumin (100 mg·kg-1) was administered intraperitoneally (CUR and IR/CUR groups). The mice were euthanized by intraperitoneal administration of ketamine (100 mg·kg-1) and blood was drawn from the heart. A constant flow filter system was used to assess erythrocyte deformability. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the mean deformability index among the groups. The IR group (2.1±0.3) significantly higher than the mean of control group (1.6±0.2), CUR group (1.6±0.1) and DMSO group (1.6±0.2). The deformability index values of the IR/CUR group approach the control group through the application of the curcumin (1.8±0.2). Conclusion: Our study showed negative effects of IR on erythrocyte deformability in mice. Also, curcumin had positive effects by reversing the undesirable effects of IR. © 2022 Turkish National Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Society. All rights reserved.
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    The effect of dexmedetomidine on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
    (Anaesthesia Pain & Intensive Care, 2015) Arslan, Mustafa; Poyraz, Fatih; Kiraz, Hasan Ali; Alkan, Metin; Kip, Gülay; Erdem, Özlem; Çomu, Faruk Metin
    Objective: Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is an important cause of myocardial damage by means of oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to examine the potential cardio-protective effects of dexmedetomidine in a diabetic rat model of myocardial I/R injury. Methodology: A total of 18 streptozotocin (55 mg/kg) induced diabetic Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into three equal groups as follows: the diabetic I/R group (DIR) in which myocardial I/R was induced by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery for 30 min, followed by 2 hours of reperfusion following left thoracotomy, the diabetic I/R dexmedetomidine group (DIRD) which were given 100 mu g/kg dexmedetomidine intraperitoneally 30 min before I/R induction by the same method and the diabetic control group (DC) which underwent sham operations without tightening of the coronary sutures. As a control group (C), 6 healthy age-matched Wistar Albino rats underwent sham operations similar to DC group. After the operation the rats were sacrificied and the myocardial tissues were histopathologically examined. Results: Microscopic myonecrosis findings were significantly different among groups (p= 0.008). Myonecrosis findings were significantly higher in DIR compared to C, DC and DIRD groups (p= 0.001, p=0.007 and p=0.037 respectively). Similarly microscopic inflammatory cell infiltration degrees showed significant differences among groups (p<0.0001). Compared to C, DC and DIRD groups, the microscopic inflammatory cell infiltration was significantly higher among DIR group (p<0.0001, p<0.0001 and p=0.009 respectively). Also myocardial tissue edema was significantly different among groups (p=0.002). The microscopic myocardial tissue edema levels were significantly higher in DIR group than C and DIRD groups (p<0.0001 and p=0.022 respectively). Tissue edema was also more prominent in DC compared to C group (p=0.022) Conclusion: Taken together our data indicate that dexmedetomidine may be helpful in reducing myocardial necrosis, myocardial inflammation and myocardial tissue edema resulting from ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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    Effect of Fullerenol C60 on Erythrocyte Deformability During Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury of Lower Extremity in Diabetic Rats
    (Gazi Univ, Fac Med, 2019) Kip, Gülay; Kartal, Hakan; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Polat, Yücel; Arslan, Mustafa; Küçük, Ayşegül
    Background: Fullerenol, a water-soluble C60-fullerene derivative synthesized by Chiang et al, has been demonstrated to be able to scavenge free radicals in vitro and in vivo. Although its protective effects have been already studied and shown in ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury, additional investigation is necessary for its effect on erythrocyte deformability. The purpose of our study was to look into the effects of fullerenol C60 on erythrocyte deformability in rat lower extremity ischemia reperfusion injury model. Materials and Methods: After approval of the Ethics Committee, 30 Wistar Albino rat were divided into 5 groups (n:6) as; Control (C), Diabetes (group D), diabetes+ fullerenol C60 group (DF), diabetes+ IR (group DIR) and diabetes IR+ fullerenol C60 (DIRF). 55 mg/kg streptozotocin was administered to the rats for diabetes. After the period of 72 hour, blood glucose concentration was mesured, 250 mg/dl and above were considered as diabetic rat. Four week after the formation of diabetes, rats were subjected to 2 hour ischemia and 2 hour reperfusion. Erythrocyte packs were prepared from heparinized blood samples and deformability measurements were performed. Results: The deformability index was significantly increased in diabetic rats; however, it was similar in group D, DF and DIRF. It was significantly increased in group DIR when compared to group C, D, DF and DIRF. The relative resistance was increased in I/R models. Conclusion: This study aimed to investigate the effects of IR on erythrocyte deformability which may lead to disturbance in blood flow and hence tissue perfusion in infrarenal rat aorta. We found that fullerenol C60 had beneficial effects by reversing undesirable effects of IR. In our opinion, further studies with larger volume are required to support our promising results.
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    Effect of Levosimendan and Nigella Sativa on Erythrocyte Deformability During Myocardial Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats
    (2018) Özer, Abdullah; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Küçük, Ayşegül; Kılıç, Yiğit; Mardin, Barış; Alkan, Metin; Oktar, Gürsel Levent
    Amaç: İskemi-reperfüzyon (İR) hasarı, doku iskemisi sonucu gerçekleşen bir olaylar zinciridir. Hücresel hasarı takiben reperfüzyon, aktif bir inflamatuar yanıta neden olur. Eritrosit deformabilitesi ve plazma viskozitesi doku ve organ perfüzyonunda kritik bir rol oynar. Bu çalışmada, ratlarda miyokardiyal İR hasarı sırasında levosimendan ve nigella sativa'nın eritrosit deformabilitesi üzerine etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık. Yöntem: Yirmi dört adet Wistar albino rat çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hayvanlar rastgele dört deney grubuna ayrıldı. Grup K'daki (kontrol grubu) ratların koroner arterlerine oklüzyon veya reperfüzyon yapılmadı. Miyokardiyal İR, sol ön inen koroner arterin 30 dakika süreyle bağlanması, ardından İR (İR), İR-levosimendan (24 µg/kg) (İRL) ve İR-nigella sativa (0.2 mL/kg) (İRNS) gruplarında 2 saat reperfüzyon ile gerçekleştirildi. Deformabiliteyi ölçmek için% 5 htc içeren bir PBS tampon çözeltisi ile oluşturulan eritrosit süspansiyonları kullanıldı. Bulgular: Sonuç olarak, kontrol grubuna kıyasla İR, eritrosit deformabilitesinin bir belirteci olan nispi direnci artırdı (p<0.05). Gruplar arasında ANOVA testi ile yapılan karşılaştırmalara göre anlamlı fark vardı (p<0.0001). Bonferroni testi ile yapılan düzeltmelerden sonra elde edilen sonuçlar şu şekildedir: İRL ve İRNS gruplarının karşılaştırmaları benzer sonuçlar vermiştir (p=0.764). İR grubunun değerleri kontrol, İRNS ve İRL gruplarından anlamlı derecede yüksekti (sırasıyla p<0.0001, p=0.001, p=0.003). Sonuç: İskemi reperfüzyon hasarı olan ratlarda eritrosit deformabilitesi azaldı. Bu yaralanma mikrodolaşımda daha fazla sorun yaratabilir. Levosimendan ve nigella sativa, bu tip yaralanmaların olumsuz etkilerini azaltmada yararlı olabilir
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    Effect of Low and High Dose Sugammadex on Erythrocyte Deformability in Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Rats
    (2015) Kiraz, Hasan Ali; Turgut, Hüseyin Cihad; Kartal, Seyfi; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Kip, Gülay; Alkan, Metin; Aydın, Muhammed Enes
    Amaç: Eritrosit deformabilitesi eritrosit membranının özel yapısı ile ilgili bir fonksiyon olup, hücrenin dağılmadan oksijen taşımasına olanak sağlar. Diyabette görülen bozulmuş eritrosit deformabilitesi eritrosit agregasyonu ve mikrovasküler düzeydeki dolaşım bozukluğunun etkenlerinden biridir. Bu çalışmada sıçanlarda streptozosinle indüklenen diyabette yüksek ve düşük doz sugammadeksin eritrosit deformabilitesi üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık. Yöntemler: Ağırlıkları 225-300 gram arasında değişen 24 erkek Wistar albino sıçan rasgele 4 gruba ayrıldı. Grup K (kontrol; n=6), Grup DK (diyabet kontrol; n=6), Grup DR-16S (diyabet-rokuronyum-16mg sugamadeks; n=6) ve Grup DR96S (diyabet- rokuronyum-96mg sugammadeks; n=6). Kontrol ve diyabet gruplarındaki sıçanlara aynı hacimde %0.9 NaCl verildi. Diyabet oluşturmak için tek intraperitoneal enjeksiyonla 55 mg.kg-1 streptozosin (Sigma Chemical, St. Louis, MO, USA) uygulandı. Hayvanlar 30 gün süre ile izlendi ve takip süresinin sonunda kan örneklerinden eritrosit deformabilitesi ölçümü yapıldı. Bulgular: Kontrol grubundaki serum glukoz düzeyi DK, DR-16S ve DR-96S gruplarındakilerden anlamlı olarak düşük bulundu (p<0.0001). Diyabet oluşturulan sıçanlarda deformabilite indeksi anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulundu (p<0.0001). Eritrosit deformabilitesi DR-96S grubunda Kontrol ve DK gruplarındakinden anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu (p<0.0001 ve p=0.028). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada diyabetik sıçanlarda düşük doz sugammadeksin güvenli olduğunu gösterdik. Çalışmamazın sonuçları sugammadeksin eritrosit deformabilitesi ve mikro/makrosirkülasyon üzerindeki etkilerini araştıracak insan ve hayvan çalışmaları için yol gösterici olabilir
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    The Effect of Picroside-2 on Erythrocyte Deformability and Lipid Peroxidation in StreptozotocinInduced Diabetic Rats Subjected to Left Anterior Descending Artery-Ischaemia Reperfusion
    (2017) Çomu, Faruk Metin; Polat, Yücel; Özer, Abdullah; Erer, Dilek; Kirişçi, Mehmet; Dursun, Ali Doğan; Tatar, Tolga
    Aim: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder principally characterized by an elevation in oxidative stress levels. Ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury starts a cascade of events that lead to tissue ischaemia and cellular damage produced by reperfusion causing an inflammatory like response. Erythrocyte deformability and plasma viscosity are important clinical implications for organ and tissue perfusion. Recent studies have found that picroside-2 has antioxidant, neuroprotective and anti-inflamatory effects. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of picroside-2 on erythrocyte deformability and lipid peroxidation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats subjected to left anterior descending (LAD) artery IR. Methods: The animals were randomly assigned to one of five experimental groups. In Group (control) C, DC (diabetes-control group), and DP (diabetespicroside-2 group) neither coronary artery occlusion nor reperfusion were performed in the control rats. In Group DIR, a branch of the LAD artery was occluded for 45 minutes followed by 90 minutes of reperfusion to produce IR. In Group DIRP, picroside-2 was administrated via 10 mg.kg-1 inraperitoneal (IP) route 30 minutes before ligating the LAD artery. Serum malondialdehyde and nitric oxide activities were investigated to document lipid peroxidation and erythrocyte deformability index. Results: Deformability index was notably increased in diabetic rats (p<0.0001). It was notably increased in Group DIR when compared to Group C, DC, DP and DIRP (p<0.0001, p=0.009, p=0.013, p=0.009, respectively). MDA level and NO activity were also higher in IR group than the other groups. Conclusion: Erythrocyte deformability index was decreased in rats with diabetes and IR injury. This injury may lead to further microcirculatory problems. Picroside 2 was shown to be useful in reducing the side effects of this kind of injury.
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    The Effects of HES 130/0.4 Application on Erythrocyte Deformability in Ureteral Obstructed Rats
    (2018) Güneş, Işın; Küçük, Ayşegül; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Şıvgın, Volkan; Alkan, Metin; Arslan, Mustafa; Ünal, Yusuf
    Amaç: Plazma genişleticilerinin uygulanması, önemli cerrahi, hemorajik şok ve travmayı içeren çeşitli klinik koşullardaki kritik hastaları yönetmek için çok önemlidir. Bununla birlikte, hidroksietil nişastanın (HES) eritrosit agregasyonu üzerindeki etkileri tartışmalıdır. Bu nedenle, deneysel tek taraflı üreteral tıkanıklık ile oluşturulan böbrek yetmezliğinde HES 130/0.4'ün eritrosit deformabilitesi üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmayı amaçladık. Yöntem: Toplam 24 rat kontrol, HES 130/0.4, Üreter Obstrüksiyon (ÜO) ve ÜOHES 130/0.4 olmak üzere dört gruba ayrıldı. Üreteral tıkanıklık gruplarına ketamin anestezisi altında düşük abdominal insizyon yapıldı. Sağ üreterin distaline ulaşıldıktan sonra 2.0 mersilen ile bağlandı, daha sonra geç dönemde böbrek yetmezliği için 3 hafta bekledi. 20 mL.kg-1 HES 130/0.4 (Voluven), HES 130/0.4 ve ÜO-HES 130/0.4 grubuna intravenöz olarak verildi. 24 saat sonra ratlar sakrifiye edildi. Deformabilite ölçümleri bir fosfat tamponlu salin (PBS) tamponu içinde% 5 hematokrit kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: Her grupta rölatif rezistans kontrol grubuna göre arttı (p<0.0001). Her grupta eritrosit deformabilite indeksi kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu (Grup K-Grup HES, p=0.023, Grup K-Grup ÜO, p<0.0001, Grup K-Grup ÜO-HES, p<0.0001) . ÜO-HES grubunda HES grubuna kıyasla eritrosit deformabilite indeksi önemli derecede arttı (p=0.031, p=0.021, sırasıyla). HES 130/0.4 uygulaması ile üreteral obstrüksiyon yapılmış sıçanlarda eritrosit deformabilitesinde herhangi bir değişiklik olmadığı belirlendi (p = 0.785). Sonuç: HES 130/0.4 kullanımı, üreteral obstrüksiyonu yapılan sıçanlarda eritrosit deformabilitesi üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahip değildir. HES 130/0.4 kullanırken bu endikasyonların doğru kullanılması gerektiğini düşünüyoruz
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    Effects of iron overload and exenatide on erythrocyte deformability in a rat model
    (Comenius Univ, 2015) Kuşkonmaz, Şerife Mehlika; Kara, Halil; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Küçük, Ayşegül; Arslan, Mustafa
    Iron overload is known to affect erythrocyte membrane properties and erythrocyte shape. We hypothesized that iron overload which directly affects the erythrocyte morphology may also interfere with erythrocyte deformability (ED). Exenatide, a glucagon like peptide -1 (GLP-1) analogue used in the treatment of diabetes, is known to have beneficial pleiotropic effects on endothelial function and blood flow which are different from its glucose-lowering effects. In our study we aimed to test the effect of iron overload on ED in a rat model (1) and to evaluate the effect of exenatide on ED in the same model (2). For this purpose, the animals were randomly divided into three groups, each containing 6 rats. Rats in the control group (Group C) were given intraperitoneal injections of saline as placebo. The second group (Group Fe) was given intraperitoneal iron dextran (60 mg/kg/day) five days a week for 4 weeks to develop iron overload. The third group (Group Fe + E) received subcutaneous injections of 10 mcg exenatide (Byetta (R) Lilly Pharma) in two divided doses for 4 weeks in addition to iron dextran. We observed that ED index was significantly higher in Group Fe when compared to Group C and Group Fe+E (p <0.0001, p <0.0001). Administration of exenatide to the iron-loaded rats (Group Fe +E) led to a significant decrease in the deformability index (p < 0.017) when compared to Group Fe. Our study shows a decrease in ED with iron and beneficial effect of exenatide on ED in the iron-overloaded rat model (Fig. 1, Ref. 24). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.
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    Effects of iron overload and exenatide on erythrocyte deformability in a rat model (conferenceObject)
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2015) Kuşkonmaz, Şerife Mehlika; Kara, Halil; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Küçük, Ayşegül; Arslan, Mustafa
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    Effects of Recurrent Sevoflurane Anesthesia on Erythrocyte Deformability in Experimentally Induced Alzheimer Rats
    (Gazi Univ, Fac Med, 2022) Küçük, Ayşegül; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Güney, Sevin; Erkent, Fatmanur Duruk; Işık, Berrin; Öztürk, Levent; Arslan, Mustafa
    Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Alzheimer's disease and erythrocyte deformability and to assess whether recurrent sevoflurane anesthesia influenced this association. Methods: A total of 24 Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: Control, sevoflurane, Alzheimer, and Alzheimer + sevoflurane. The experimental Alzheimer model was prepared by intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin at a dose of 3 mg/kg (10 mu l) to the Alzheimer and Alzheimer + sevoflurane groups. Sevoflurane (2.3%) was administered to the sevoflurane and Alzheimer + sevoflurane groups 4 weeks after the surgery for 3 days and lasting for 2 hours per day. Blood samples were then collected for deformability measurements. Results: The deformability index was significantly increased in Alzheimer-induced rats, but the results for the Alzheimer and Alzheimer + sevoflurane groups were similar. The erythrocyte deformability index was significantly increased in the Alzheimer and Alzheimer + sevoflurane groups (p=0.004 p=0.001 respectively). However, there was no difference in deformability in the sevoflurane group (p= 0.496) Conclusion: Erythrocyte deformability was increased in the Alzheimer-induced rats; however recurrent sevoflurane anesthesia did not affect erythrocyte deformability.
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    Erkek sıçanlarda orşiektominin ve vitamin c desteğinin eritrosit deformabilitesi ve kemik mineral yoğunluğu üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi
    (2012) Arslan, Mustafa; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Keleş, Işık; Arslan, Ayşe
    Amaç: Erkek osteoporozu (OP) klinik tıpta önemli bir sorun olmakla birlikte kadın OP'sine kıyasla daha az ilgi görmüştür ve kemik kaybında rolü olan mekanizmalar hala netleşmiş değildir. Patofizyolojisinde oksidatif stresin rolü olduğu düşünülen birçok hastalıktan biri de OPdir. Bu çalışma orşiektomi uygulanmış sıçanlarda kemik mineral yoğunluğu (KMY), antioksidan enzim düzeyi, lipid peroksidasyonu ve eritrosit deformabilitesinde gelişebilecek olası değişiklikleri ve vitamin C desteğinin bu değişiklikler üzerine etkisini araştırmak amacıyla planlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 20 adet erkek Wistar albino sıçan alındı. Sıçanlardan randomize şekilde kontrol (K, n6), uygulanan işleme göre orşiektomi (O, n7), ve orşiektomivitamin C (OVC, n7) olmak üzere 3 grup oluşturuldu. Oksidatif stresi değerlendirmek için kemik homojenatlarında, süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyleri ölçüldü. Heparinize tam kan örneklerinden eritrosit paketleri hazırlandı ve gerekli işlemler sonrasında deformabilite ölçümleri gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: Oksidan/antioksidan parametreler açısından gruplar kendi aralarında kıyaslandığında kemik dokuda: SOD aktivitesi O'grubunda OVC grubuna göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksekti (p0,032). Eritrosit deformabilite indeksi ise Grup Oda; K ve OVC grubuna kıyasla belirgin olarak yüksek bulundu (sırasıyla p0,003, p0,018).Sonuç: Çalışmada, orşiektomi sonrası eritrosit deformabilitesinde olumsuz değişikler gelişebileceği bunun da kan akımı ve doku perfüzyonunda işlevsel bozukluklara yol açarak kemik metabolizmasını negatif etkileyebileceği, vitamin C uygulamasının ise bu olumsuz etkiyi geri döndürebileceği sonucuna vardık. Yine de sonucun daha detaylı ve geniş serilerde yapılacak klinik ve deneysel çalışmalarla desteklenmesi ve detaylandırılması gerektiği kanaatindeyiz.
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    Evaluation of Erythrocyte Deformability in Experimentally Induced Osteoporosis in Male Rats and the Effects of Vitamin C Supplementation on Erythrocyte Deformability and Bone Mineral Density
    (Baycinar Medical Publ-Baycinar Tibbi Yayincilik, 2012) Arslan, Mustafa; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Keleş, Işık; Arslan, Ayşe
    Objective: Male osteoporosis (OP) is a major problem in clinical medicine, but has gained less interest than female OP The mechanisms of male OP have not been explained well and are not clear yet. It is suggested that there is a role for oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of many diseases, one of them being OR In this study, we investigated the effect of orchiectomy on bone mineral density (BMD), the level of antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and erythrocyte deformability in rats and the effect of vitamin C supplementation on the possible changes in these parameters. Metarials and Methods: A total of 20 male Wistar albino rats were randomized into three groups: controls (C, n=6), orchiectomized rats (O, n=7) and orchiectomized rats receiving vitamin C supplementation (OVC, n=7). The concentration of superoxide-dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in bone tissue homogenates were measured to assess the oxidative stress. Erythrocyte deformability was measured using erythrocyte suspensions at 5% hematocrit in phosphate buffered saline. Results: When oxidant/antioxidant parameters were compared between the groups, SOD activity in bone tissue was significantly higher in group 0 than in group OVC (p=0.032). Erythrocyte deformability was significantly higher in group O than in group C and OVC (p=0.003, p=0.018, respectively). Conclusion: Erythrocyte deformability may show negative variations, suggesting a causative role in disruption of blood flow and tissue perfusion, which also affect bone metabolism negatively Vitamin C supplementation seems to reverse those negative effects of variations in erythrocyte deformability. However, our preliminary results need to be confirmed in wider serious of experimental and clinical trials. Turk J Phys Med Rehab 2012;58:121-5.
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    The influence of sevoflurane anesthesia on the rat red blood cell deformability
    (2006) Aydoğan, Sami; Yerer, Mükerrem Betül; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Arslan, Mustafa; Güneş-Ekinci, Işın; Ünal, Yusuf; Kurtipek, Ömer
    Alterations in blood rheology under the influence of anesthesia have been observed and discussed among the responsible factors for the deterioration of tissue and organ perfusion related to anesthetic procedures. Sevoflurane is one of the volatil anesthetics which is being used very common in surgery. In this study, the effects of sevoflurane anesthesia were investigated in different age groups of rats. 22 male rats were used in the study and the rats were divided into two groups according to their age (young and old) comprising of two subgroups in each. First group was the young control (n = 5), the second was the young group treated with sevoflurane (n = 5), the third group was the old control (n = 7) and the last group was the old group treated with sevoflurane (n = 5). %2 of sevoflurane was applied to the rats with inhalation in a adjustable cage for one hour. The deformability indexes of the erythrocytes were measured by a laser diffractometer (Myrenne Rheodyne SSD). Deformability indexes of red blood cells were significantly decreased with sevoflurane in old rats (p = 0.028) whereas it had not any significant effect in young group compared with their controls. When we compared the young and old control groups, the deformability indexes were significantly higher in old ones (p < 0.001). However, there were not any significant difference between the old and the young sevoflurane applied groups. A volatil anesthetic agent sevoflurane has impaired the deformability of erythrocytes in old rats compared to their controls, whereas it had not any significant effect in young ones which may be due to the flexibility of the young erythrocytes leading them to tolerate to the environmental changes. These results reveal that the inhalation anesthetics like sevoflurane may cause more serious problems in the elder people and their hemodynamic parameters should be checked more seriously during the surgery. © 2006 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.
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    Investigation of the Effects of Sevoflurane and Desflurane on Erythrocyte Deformability in Transient Hyperglycemia
    (2018) Kalaycı, Dilek; Arpacı, Ayşe Hande; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Güneş, Işın; Beşkardeş, Elif; Kurtipek, Ömer; Arslan, Mustafa
    Aim: Micro and macrovascular complications due to long-term hyperglycemia are associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Erythrocytes exposed to hyperglycemia for a long time may cause morphological changes in erythrocytes such as decreased deformability and development of aggregation. As a result, complications such as shortening life span of erythrocytes, impairment of oxygen carrying capacity, tissue hypoxia may occur. In our study, we would like to investigate the effects of Sevoflurane and Desflurane on erythrocyte deformability during transient hyperglycemia. Materials and Methods: In this study, 30 male Wistar albino rats were used. The animals were randomly divided into five groups, each contained 6 rats: Diabetic control (group DC), diabetic hyperglycemia group (group DH), diabetic hyperglycemia group with desflurane (group DH-D), and diabetic hyperglycemia group with sevoflurane (group DH-S) groups. Another 6 rats without diabetes were assigned as control group (group C). Streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats were kept 6 weeks, then transient hyperglycemia was created, and the administration of sevoflurane and desflurane were performed. After 24 hours blood samples were obtained and deformability measurements were performed in erythrocyte suspensions containing Htc 5% in a PBS buffer. Results: Diabetes mellitus was found to increase relative resistance in the control group (p <0.0001). Acute hyperglycemia increased relative resistance in diabetes control, relatively. Group DH, Group DH-D and Group DH-S deformability index were significantly different when compared to Group DC (p=0.007, p=0.025, p=0.016, respectively). It was found that administration of desflurane or sevoflurane did not alter erythrocyte deformability during acute hyperglycemia (p = 0.591, p = 0.739). Conclusion: As a consequence, we think that we can safely use inhalation anesthetics such as Desflurane and Sevoflurane during acute hyperglycemia attacks. But, it needs further investigation as both experimental and clinical
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    The red blood cell deformability alterations under desfluran anesthesia in rats
    (Ios Press, 2006) Yerer, Mükerrem Betül; Aydogan, Sami; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Arsland, Mustafa; Güneş-Ekinci, Işın; Kurtipek, Ömer; Ünal, Yusuf
    General anesthesia, either with inhalation or through nonvolatile anesthetics, is known to affect the overall cardiovascular function as well as the microcirculatory hemodynamics. In this study, the effects of desfluran anesthesia on the red blood cell deformability of young and old rats are investigated. 33 male rats were used in the study and the rats were divided into two groups according to their age (young and old) comprising of two subgroups in each. First group was the young control (n=5), the second was the young group treated with desfluran (n=7), the third group was the old control (n=7) and the last group was the old group treated with desfluran (n=7). %6 of desfluran was applied to the rats with inhalation in an adjustable cage for one hour. The elongation indexes of the erythrocytes were measured by a laser diffractometer (Myrenne Rheodyne SSD). Deformability indexes of red blood cells were significantly increased with desfluran in young rats (p=0.042) whereas they were significantly decreased in old rats (p=0.004) with desfluran application compared with their controls. When we compared the young and old control groups, the deformability indexes were significantly higher in old ones (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the old and the young desfluran applied groups. The volatile anesthetic agent desfluran impairs the deformability of erythrocytes in old rats compared to their controls, whereas it has the opposite effects on young ones. This may be due to the alterations in membrane structure with age. These results reveal that the inhalation of anesthetics like desfluran may cause more serious problems in the elder people during the surgery and may influence their hemodynamic parameters.
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    The effect of cerium oxide on erythrocyte deformability in ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats administered sevoflurane
    (Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2022) Turicay, Aydin; Şıvgın, Volkan; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Küçük, Ayşegül; Özdemirkan, Aycan; Güneş, Işın; Arslan, Mustafa
    Aim: Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a common problem in vascular surgery. Acute IR damage observed in the lower extremities, especially in aortic surgery, occurs following temporary cross-clamping of the abdominal aorta. Disruption in blood rheology disrupts microvascular blood flow, leading to exacerbation of microangiopathy. It is known that drugs used for anesthesia affect blood rheology, which is affected by many factors. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of cerium oxide on erythrocyte deformability before sevoflurane anesthesia in rats with lower extremity IR. Material and Methods: After approval by the ethics committee, 30 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. Control (group C), IR (group IR), IR-cerium oxide (group IRCO), IR-sevoflurane (group IRS), IR-cerium oxide-sevoflurane (group IRCOS). Infrarenal abdominal aorta and atraumatic microvascular clamp were placed in IR groups 30 minutes after intraperitoneal cerium oxide was administered at a dose of 0.5 mg / kg. One hundred and twenty minutes later, the clamp was removed and reperfused for 120 minutes. Sevoflurane was applied at a rate of 2.3% at 4 L/min and 100% oxygen during IR for the minimum alveolar concentration to be 1 for rats. All rats were administered intraperitoneal ketamine (100 mg/kg) and euthanasia was performed by taking blood from the abdominal aorta. Erythrocytes were obtained from heparinized whole blood samples. Deformability measurements were made in erythrocyte suspensions in phosphate-buffered saline. A constant flow filtrometer system was used for the measurement of erythrocyte deformability and relative resistance was calculated. Results: Erythrocyte deformability index was found to be significantly different between the groups (p=0.002). Compared to the control group, the erythrocyte deformability index was significantly higher in IR and IRS groups (p<0.0001, p=0.003, respectively). In the IRCO and IRCOS groups, the erythrocyte deformability index was found to decrease significantly compared to the IR group (p=0.008, p=0.025, respectively). The erythrocyte deformability index was similar in Group C and in the IRCO and IRCOS groups (p=0.453, p=0.120, respectively). Discussion: We determined that cerium oxide administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before ischemia in rats corrects the erythrocyte deformability deteriorated in IR-generated rats. We also found that cerium oxide had beneficial effects by reversing undesirable effects of IR. Further studies with larger volumes are required to support our promising results
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    The Effect of Hydrogen-Rich Saline Solution on Erythrocyte Deformability in Lower Limb Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats
    (Gazi Univ, Fac Med, 2021) Özer, Abdullah; Arslan, Mustafa; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Küçük, Ayşegül; Mardin, Baris; Koçak, Başak; Oktar, Gürsel Levent
    Aim: We aimed to investigate the effects of HRSS on erythrocyte deformability in lower limb ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury in rats. Methods: Eighteen male Wistar albino rats used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into three experimental groups as control, IR and IR-HRSS. 20 mg.kg-1HRSS was administered (20 mg.kg(-1) i.p)30 min before the procedure. An atraumatic microvascular clamp was placed across the infrarenal abdominal aorta in the IR groups. 120 min ischemia and 120 min reperfusion is applied to the groups. Erythrocytes were obtained from heparinized whole blood samples for deformability measurements. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for independent samples and Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze differences between groups. Results: Ischemia reperfusion was found to increase relative resistance to the control group. The erythrocyte deformability index was significantly higher in IR and IR-HRSS groups than the control group. HRSS application significantly decreased erythrocyte deformability index compared to IR group. Conclusion: IR induced rats decreased erythrocyte deformability was partially corrected by HRSS. We believe that the protective effects of HRSS in IR injury and its use indications can be demonstrated in detail as long as the findings we have reached in our study are supported by other studies.