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    Evaluation of public knowledge and attitudes regarding self medication with antibiotics in Ankara
    (Refik Saydam National Public Health Agency (RSNPHA), 2014) Gül, Serdar; Öztürk, Doğan Bariş; Yilmaz, Muhittin Serkan; Uz-Gül, Esen
    Objective: It's aimed to evaluate the public knowledge and attitude regarding self medication with antibiotics and it's influencing factors in Ankara. Method: A questionairre about self medication with antibiotics had been applied to the patients and patients' relatives admitted to Emergency Service of Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital between 01/01/2014-01/02/2014. Participants' demographic information, educational status and their knowledge about self medication with antibiotics were recorded. SPSS 15.0 program was used for statistical analysis. Chi square test was used for comparing groups and p<0.05 was accepted as statisticaly significant. Results: Three hundred twenty-two volunteers aged between 18-86 years participated in the study. It was found that 64.3% of the participants were using self medication with antibiotics. The comon cold and high fever were the leading causes of self medication with antibiotics. 64% of the participants were noted that they demand a prescription for antibiotics from the doctor when they attend any reason. Also 64.9% of the participants this stated that they were keeping antibiotics at home and 87% of them could buy antibiotics without prescription. While the 83.9% of the participants were thinking that unnecessary antibiotics can be harmful only 21.7% of them were received education about unnecessary use of antibiotics. While there was no corelation between the educational status of the participants and the knowledge and attitudes of the participants, self medication with antibiotics was significantly lower in the group that received education about unnecessary use of antibiotics. Conclusion: Unnecessary use of antibiotics was shown to be reduced with education about this issue by conducted studies. Activities for public and doctors are organized at special days like European Antibiotic Awareness Day, World Health Day for reducing the unnecessary use of antibiotics in our country. We think that an increase in these types of campaigns and activities may reduce the unnecessary use of antibiotics.
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    Investigation of optimum temperature for coagulase test in Stahylococcus aureus strains
    (Refik Saydam National Public Health Agency (RSNPHA), 2015) Kaçmaz, Birgül; Gül, Serdar; Öztürk, Doğan Bariş; Ecemiş, Emine
    Objective: Temperature of the incubator is important in microbiology laboratories. The recommended temperature is generally 35±2 OC for the detection of growing and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria. Nevertheless it is known that temperature over 35 OC is inappropriate for detecting methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. In different references, the optimum temperature for tube coagulase test used for differentiating S. aureus from other staphylococci is recommended as 35 OC, 37 OC, and 35 OC - 37 OC. In this study it was aimed to investigate the most appropriate incubator temperature for tube coagulase test in S. aureus strains. Methods: The study was conducted in Infectious Diseases Laboratory of our hospital. VITEK 2 automated system was used for identification of bacteria. Totally 110 S. aureus strains isolated from various clinical samples were included in the study. Rabbit plasma was used for tube coagulase test and the test was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Two identical sets of tubes were prepared for each strain and each tube was incubated at 35 OC and 37 OC in different incubators. All the tubes were read at the end of first, second, third, fourth and 24th hour for clot formation. Results were evaluated in three groups. Group 1: No clot formation Group 2: Weak clot formation Group 3: Strong clot formation SPSS 15.0 program was used for data analysis and McNemar Bowker test was used for comparing groups. Results: All of the strains had clot formation at both of the incubator temperatures during test period. The clot formation degree of strains were examined at 35 °C and 37 °C according to time. The statistical analysis showed no significant differences between incubation temperatures and groups. Conclusion: According to the results obtained in this study, both 35 °C and 37 °C was found appropriate for determining coagulase positivity in S. aureus.