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    Developing a hybrid methodology for green-based supplier selection: Application in the automotive industry
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Kara, Karahan; Acar, Avni Zafer; Polat, Mustafa; Onden, Ismail; Yalcin, Galip Cihan
    The green performance values of businesses are of great importance in terms of sustainability, which includes long-term economic, social, and environmental effects. Thus, today, enterprises and managers are increasingly interested in this issue, and related topics, including supplier selection, have been inserted into decision-making procedures. However, how to predict the effects of green performance criteria, which represent environmental sustainability, on social and economic sustainability remains unclear. In this regard, the main purpose of this research is to develop a supplier selection methodology considering green performance criteria by applying multiple regression analysis and the Evidential Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making (F-MCDM) method based on Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST), which are both powerful methods in statistical analysis and decision-making under uncertainty. In the first phase of the research, variables that significantly affect green performance have been determined by testing the eight generated hypotheses with multiple regression analysis. Then, the best supplier was determined using those green supplier selection criteria in the Evidential F-MCDM method. Since using environmentally hazardous paints in the production process continues, the automobile paint production sector has been chosen as the application area of this green-based supplier selection methodology. In this respect, green dynamic capacity, green purchasing, eco-design, investment recovery, and green product innovation variables have been inserted into the Evidential F-MCDM method as the determinant variables of green performance. This research reveals that integrating multiple regression and Evidential F-MCDM methods can be a hybrid methodology in supplier selection. Thus, a different perspective is introduced into the green supplier selection decision-making process by considering the effects of criteria in the MCDM model on green performance. This innovation enhances the criteria determination and selection processes in classical MCDM approaches. In addition, green dynamic capacity is the most critical criterion in supplier selection based on their green performance, especially in the scope of this research.
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    The MEREC-AROMAN method for determining sustainable competitiveness levels: A case study for Turkey
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2024) Kara, Karahan; Yalcin, Galip Cihan; Acar, Avni Zafer; Simic, Vladimir; Konya, Serkan; Pamucar, Dragan
    Sustainable competitiveness represents a multifaceted phenomenon encompassing economic, environmental, and social dimensions. Macro-level competitiveness strategies are formulated based on the diverse capitals possessed by individual countries, thereby giving rise to variations in the sustainable competitiveness strategies of each country. This research introduces a novel hybrid method called the method based on the removal effects of criteria (MEREC)-alternative ranking order method accounting for two-step normalization (AROMAN) for determining sustainable competitiveness levels. This study aims to assess Turkey's sustainable competitiveness position vis -`a-vis its border neighbors. Natural capital, resource efficiency and intensity, social capital, intellectual capital and innovation, economic sustainability, and governance efficiency are the Global Sustainable Competitiveness Index (GSCI) indicators. The GSCI indicators are employed as criteria for determining the sustainable competitiveness scores of countries. The findings show that the resource efficiency and intensity criterion has the highest level of significance. The sustainable competitiveness level of Turkey to its neighboring countries is elucidated based on the results. Recommendations are formulated for the development of strategies aimed at determining Turkey's position in the race for sustainable competitiveness. The introduced MEREC-AROMAN can be utilized to provide rules of thumb for other countries to improve their sustainable competitiveness. This research offers decision support for the formulation of countries' sustainable competitiveness strategies and policies, fostering awareness in the planning and establishment of regional collaborations among nations.