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    Influence of operator experience on bond strength of different adhesives to dentin
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2020) Arhun, Neslihan; Kalender, Berçem; Tuncer, Duygu; Berkmen, Begüm; Çelik, Çiğdem
    Aim: Application of adhesive systems on dentin is a multistep, technique-sensitive procedure. Thus, the aim was to assess the effect of operator experience on the shear bond strength of an etch-and-rinse adhesive system and a self-etch adhesive system on dentin. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight extracted human molar teeth were used in the study. They were embedded in an acrylic resin after cutting off the roots. The mesial and distal enamels of the teeth were removed to expose dentin surfaces. The samples were allocated to four groups (n = 12): Group 1: restorative dentistry specialist with 13 years of experience, Group 2: with 6 years of experience, Group 3: postgraduate operator with 2 years of experience, and Group 4: undergraduate student with 1 year of experience and familiar with adhesive with systems. Each operator applied an etch-and-rinse adhesive system (Adper Single Bond 2) to mesial surface and a self-etch adhesive system (Clearfil SE Bond) to distal surface (n = 12). Then, a composite resin (Filtek Z250) was inserted with the aid of a plastic ring (2 mm 2 mm) and light polymerized. The specimens were stored in distilled water before shear bond strength test. A two-way ANOVA test was used for statistical analysis. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between each operator type with respect to etch-and-rinse adhesive system (P 0.05); however, the undergraduate student performed better than 2-year experienced operator with respect to self-etch system application (P 0.05). Conclusion: The shear bond strength of a self-etch system might vary according to the operator's experience. © 2020 Journal of Conservative Dentistry Published by Wolters Kluwer-Medknow.
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    THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT INSTRUMENT LUBRICANTS ON SURFACE MICROHARDNESS OF A MICROHYBRID RESIN COMPOSITE
    (2021) Arhun, Neslihan; Kalender, Berçem; Çelik, Çiğdem; Tuncer, Duygu; Berkmen, Begüm
    Background and Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the\reffects of different instrument lubricants on the surface\rmicrohardness of a resin composite.\rMaterial and Method: A total of 180 disk-shaped specimens\rof a resin composite (Filtek Z250; 3M-ESPE) were prepared in\rplastic molds and randomly divided into six groups according\rto the lubricants tested (n= 30)—group 1: control (no\rlubricant was used); group 2: ethanol; group 3: etch-and-rinse\radhesive (Adper Single Bond 2; 3M-ESPE); group 4: self-etch\radhesive (Clearfil SE Bond/the use of adhesive bottle only);\rgroup 5: universal adhesive (G-Premio Bond; GC); and group\r6: Bisco modeling resin. The Vickers hardness number was\rassessed using a microhardness tester. Following the baseline\rmeasurements, finishing/polishing procedures were performed,\rand microhardness was remeasured. The data gathered were\rstatistically analyzed (p< 0.05).\rResults: There was a statistically significant difference\rbetween the control and lubricant groups (p< 0.05). Although\rfinishing/polishing procedures improved the microhardness\rvalues in all the groups, a significant difference was found\rbetween the control and lubricant groups, except for the\rethanol group (p< 0.05).\rConclusion: Instrument lubricants changed the surface\rmicrohardness of the resin composite tested.