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    Comparison of Two Base Materials Regarding Their Effect on Root Canal Treatment Success in Primary Molars with Furcation Lesions
    (Hindawi Ltd, 2016) Arikan, Volkan; Sonmez, Hayriye; Sari, Saziye
    Introduction. The aim of this study was to compare MTA with another base material, IRM, which is generally used on pulpal floor after root canal treatment, regarding their effect on the success of root canal treatment of primary teeth with furcation lesions. Materials and Methods. Fifty primary teeth with furcation lesions were divided into 2 groups. Following root canal treatment, the pulpal floor was coated with MTA in the experimental group and with IRM in the control group. Teeth were followed up considering clinical (pain, pathological mobility, tenderness to percussion and palpation, and any soft tissue pathology and sinus tract) and radiographical (pathological root resorption, reduced size or healing of existing lesion, and absence of new lesions at the interradicular or periapical area) criteria for 18 months. For the statistical analysis, Fisher's exact test and Pearson's chi-square tests were used and a.. value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results. Although there were no statistically significant differences between two groups in terms of treatment success, lesions healed significantly faster in the MTA group. Conclusion. In primary teeth with furcation lesions, usage of MTA on the pulpal floor following root canal treatment can be a better alternative since it induced faster healing.
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    Does Achievement of Hemostasis After Pulp Exposure Provide an Accurate Assessment of Pulp Inflammation?
    (Amer Acad Pediatric Dentistry, 2018) Mutluay, Merve; Arikan, Volkan; Sari, Saziye; Kisa, Ucler
    Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine in primary molars with carious exposures whether hemostasis at the exposure site and pulp orifice reflected inflammatory status of the pulp at the canal orifice based on cytokine levels. Methods: Forty mandibular primary molars with deep caries were included in the study. Teeth were divided into two groups: group A had teeth where hemostasis at the exposure site was achieved within five minutes, and group B had teeth where hemostasis at the exposure site could not be achieved within five minutes. Blood samples were harvested from the exposure sites and canal orifices. Cytokine levels for IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-alpha, and PGE(2) were measured using ELISA for all sample sites. Results: The IL-6 levels at the exposure sites were found to be significantly higher in group A when compared to group B, but there was no statistically significant differences in any of the cytokine levels at the canal orifices between the two groups. Conclusions: Controlling bleeding at the exposure site or canal orifices does not provide accurate assessment of inflammation at the canal orifice and may be misleading for diagnosing vital pulp treatment in primary teeth with a carious pulp exposure.
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    Effects of Fixed and Removable Space Maintainers on Plaque Accumulation, Periodontal Health, Candidal and Enterococcus Faecalis Carriage
    (Karger, 2015) Arikan, Volkan; Kizilci, Esra; Ozalp, Nurhan; Ozcelik, Berrin
    Objective: To evaluate the effects of space maintainers on plaque accumulation, periodontal health and oral microflora. Subjects and Methods: The study participants comprised 38 patients aged 4-10 years requiring either fixed or removable space maintainers. Plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing index, candidal colonization and Enterococcus faecalis were recorded just before the application of space maintainers (T0) and during treatment at the 1st (T1), 3rd (T2) and 6th (T3) month. Results: The gingival and bleeding on probing index scores increased significantly (gingival index from 0.20 +/- 0254 to 0.54 +/- 0417 and bleeding on probing index from 7.18 +/- 9.946 to 18.07 +/- 14.074) in the regions with fixed space maintainers at T3 (p < 0.01). The mean Candida counts also increased (for removable appliances from 1.90 +/- 3.638 to 1.98 +/- 3.318, p < 0.05, and for fixed appliances from 4.25 +/- 4.587 to 4.52 +/- 4.431, p < 0.001). The salivary E. faecalis counts at T3 also increased significantly with the use of fixed and removable appliances (for removable appliances from 5.93 +/- 2.65 to 85.53 +/- 34.1 and for fixed appliances from 4.95 +/- 2.94 to 123.59 +/- 29.51, p < 0.001). A positive correlation was found between the plaque (r = 0.67), gingival (r = 0.76) and bleeding on probing index scores (r = 0.76) and the candidal colonization for the fixed space maintainers (p < 0.01, p < 0.001). Conclusions: In this study, both fixed and removable space maintainers led to an increase in the number of microorganisms in the oral cavity as well as to increases in the periodontal index scores. Patients should be informed that space maintainers may serve as a source of infection and that special attention must be given to their oral hygiene. (C) 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel
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    The evaluation of MTA and Biodentine as a pulpotomy materials for carious exposures in primary teeth
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2019) Celik, Burcu Nihan; Mutluay, Merve Safa; Arikan, Volkan; Sari, Saziye
    ObjectiveThis study examined the effects of MTA and Biodentine on the clinical and radiographic success rates of pulpotomies performed on primary teeth with carious pulp exposures.Materials and methodsThis study was conducted with 44 mandibular primary molars requiring vital pulpotomy. Carious dentin surrounding the exposure site was used as the inclusion criteria for all teeth, which were randomly divided into two groups according to pulpotomy material [MTA group (n=24), Biodentine group (n=20)]. Treatment was followed up clinically and radiologically for 24months. Pulp canal obliteration was not regarded as a failure.ResultsClinical and radiographic success rates at the end of 24months were 100% for the MTA group and 89.4% for the Biodentine group. Success rates did not vary significantly between the groups (p=0.646). Pulp canal obliteration was observed in two teeth (8.3%) in the MTA group at 6months, but the teeth were found to be stabilized by 24months.ConclusionThe long-term clinical and radiographic success rates obtained in this study indicate that both MTA and Biodentine are appropriate options for pulpotomy treatment of primary teeth with carious exposure in patients whose teeth should be retained for long periods of time.Clinical relevanceThe etiology of exposure determines pulpal response, making it crucial to distinguish between mechanical and carious exposures. The carious exposure is presumed to be accompanied by severe inflammation, which makes the prognosis of treatment unpredictable. Biomaterials can be used especially in cases with carious pulp exposures.
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    Fracture Resistance of Incisal Fragments Following Reattachment With Different Techniques in Simulated Crown Fractures
    (Shahid Beheshti Univ Medical Sciences, Fac Medicine, 2017) Tulumbaci, Fatih; Arikan, Volkan; Oba, Aylin Akbay; Baglar, Serdar
    Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the effect of acid-etching and Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatment before the reattachment of incisal fragments in coronal fractures of permanent incisor teeth. Methods: Sixty-six sound human maxillary incisors were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=22). Teeth were embedded in self-cure acrylic resins by leaving one-third of the crowns out, and uncomplicated crown fractures were obtained using an Instron testing device. The fragments were reattached using 3 different procedures and a hybrid resin composite (Z250): Group I: Acid etching + Prime & Bond NT; Group II: Er, Cr: YSGG + Prime & Bond NT; Group III: Er, Cr: YSGG + Acid etching + Prime & Bond NT. The percentages of shear bond strengths were determined by comparing fracture strengths of sound and reattached teeth for 3 groups. All data were analyzed statistically with Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: Mean fracture strengths of the reattached fragments were between 51.02% and 62.93% of that of the sound teeth in all groups. Group I had significantly higher percentages of shear bond strength values (P < 0.05) when compared to group II and group III. No significant difference (P > 0.05) was found between group II and group III. Conclusion: The findings of the present study show that Er, Cr: YSGG laser irradiation prior to the reattachment of incisal fragments has a negative effect on fracture strength.
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    Growth-enabling modified Groper appliance for the replacement of permanent maxillary incisors: Report of two cases
    (AUSTRALIAN SOC ORTHODONTISTS INC, 2020) Arikan, Volkan; Ocal, Duygu; Akcay, Merve; Altug, Ayse Tuba; Ozer, Levent; Cesur, Emre
    The aim of this case report is to introduce a modified Groper appliance that enables transverse growth of the maxilla in addition to improving the aesthetics of patients with missing anterior teeth. Patient 1 was a 16-year-old young woman in the late stages of growth who presented with a congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor. Patient 2 was a nine-year-old girl missing both of her maxillary central incisors due to trauma. The missing teeth were replaced by artificial acrylic teeth bonded onto growth-enabling, maxillary, fixed palatal space maintainers. A tube was soldered onto one of the arch wires of the maintainer and the opposite arch wire was threaded into this tube, allowing it to slide until the patient completed growth. Intermolar width increased by approximately 1.9 mm in Patient 1 and 2.6 mm in Patient 2 over the three-year review period. The in-tube mechanical design of the device allowed transverse growth of the maxilla without interference during and throughout long-term wear.
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    Investigation of SOSTDC1 gene in non-syndromic patients with supernumerary teeth
    (Medicina Oral S L, 2018) Arikan, Volkan; Cumaogullari, Ozge; Ozgul, Betul-Memis; Oz, Firdevs-Tulga
    Background: The etiology of supernumerary teeth is still unclear however heredity is believed to be a major factor and this idea was supported by several case reports. Recently, a relationship between supernumerary tooth formation and deficiency of Uterine Sensitization Associated Gene-1 (Usag-1), a rat gene that is expressed in sensitized endometrium, was reported in mice. The human homolog gene for Usag-1, Sclerostin Domain Containing 1 (SOSTDC1), shows 85% identity with mouse Usag-1. The present study aimed to investigate SOSTDC1 coding regions in non-syndromic patients with one or more supernumerary teeth. Material and Methods: Twenty-five non-syndromic patients (21 male and 4 female) aged 5-15 years, with one or more supernumerary teeth were included in the study. Saliva samples were collected from patients and DNA samples were isolated and analyzed using PCR. Results: Eight phenotypes of supernumerary tooth formation were observed in the study. From the DNA analysis, 2 novel and 3 previously identified sequence alterations were identified however, in investigating the Usag-1 homolog SOSTDC1 gene, the present study could not find any phenotype-genotype relationship. Conclusions: There are many SOSTDC1 homolog genes in the human genome and future studies should investigate these candidate genes. Also studies in larger case groups including family members may reveal the hereditary pattern.
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    Root canal filling in primary molars without successors: Mineral trioxide aggregate versus gutta-percha/AH-Plus
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2016) Bezgin, Tugba; Ozgul, Betui Memis; Arikan, Volkan; Sari, Saziye
    The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographical success of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and gutta-percha/AH-Plus used as a root canal filling material in primary second molars without successors. A total of 16 patients (9 girls, 7 boys) aged 6-13 years (mean: 10.5) were selected and randomly distributed into the treatment groups. Children were recalled for clinical and radiographic examination at 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months. Differences in treatment outcomes were analysed using chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests. Clinically, there was no significant difference in the success rates between the groups at the end of a 3-year follow-up period (MTA: 100%; Gutta-percha/AH-Plus: 70%) (P > 0.05). However, radiographically, there was a significant difference between the groups (MTA: 80%; gutta-percha/AH-Plus: 300%) (P < 0.05). The present study showed that MTA can be recommended for use in root canal treatment of primary molars without successors based on better radiographic success.
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    Several Shaping Characteristics of OneCurve Continuously Rotating System versus Three Different Kinematic Systems: ProTaper Universal, Twisted File Adaptive and WaveOne Gold
    (Galenos Publ House, 2022) Turkyilmaz, Ali; Arikan, Volkan
    Objective: This study aimed to compare the curvature change, preparation time, resin removal amount and working length reduction properties of the OneCurve (0.25/0.06), ProTaper Universal F2 (0.25/0.06), Twisted File Adaptive SM2 (0.25/0.06) and WaveOne Gold Primary (0.25/0.07) using simulated root canal models. Materials and Methods: A total of 67 plastic models were used. Three models were used to verify the initial curvature angle, the weight of the unprepared resin block and the initial root canal length. The remaining 64 models were divided into four groups of 16 samples. After preparation, the changes in parameters were measured again. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS 22.0 using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey's tests and Kruskal-Wallis with Bonferroni corrections. Pearson and Spearmen correlation coefficients were also used. A p-value <0.05 was significant. Results: Significant differences were observed between OneCurve, ProTaper Universal F2, Twisted File Adaptive SM2 and WaveOne Gold Primary file systems in terms of resin removal amount, root canal curvature change and preparation time (p<0.05). The correlations were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: Twisted File Adaptive SM2 performed significantly less resin removal and curvature change. Furthermore, the Twisted File Adaptive and WaveOne Gold Primary instruments required less preparation time compared with OneCurve and ProTaper Universal F2.
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    The effect of space maintainers on salivary pH, flow rate, and the oral microflora
    (Sciendo, 2021) Kizilci, Esra; Arikan, Volkan; Ozalp, Nurhan; Ozcelik, Berrin
    Background: Space maintainers are used to preserve created space caused by the premature loss of primary teeth but they may also upset the oral environment and play a role in caries formation. The current research aimed to assess the impact of removable and fixed space maintainers on salivary pH, flow rate, and the oral microflora. Methods: Thirty-eight patients aged between 4 and 10 years, each of whom required a fixed (n = 19) or removable space maintainer (n = 19), were enrolled in this research. The salivary pH, saliva flow rate, salivary Streptococcus mutans, and Lactobacillus counts were measured immediately prior to the placement of the space maintainers (baseline-T0) and during the follow-up period, at the 1st (T1), 3rd (T3), and 6th (T6) month. The Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney U test and Friedman tests were applied for statistical analyses. Results: Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus counts were significantly higher at the 6th month time period in comparison with the baseline scores for both groups (P < 0.001). The salivary pH and flow rates did not change significantly at any measurement period (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Space maintainers can favour caries formation by changing the oral microflora. It is advisable to warn patients and their parents of the risks and provide motivation to perform meticulous oral hygiene.