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    A case of a nasal polyp originating in the cribriform plate
    (2013) Arikan O.K.; Muluk N.B.; Cirpar O.
    Nasal polyps were once believed to originate in sinus cavities, and from there to pass through ostia and into the nasal cavity. However, data gained from subsequent anatomic studies revealed that they can actually originate in numerous locations in the sinonasal area. We report a case of a nasal polyp that originated in the cribriform plate, which is a very rare site of origin for a nasal polyp.
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    Chondroid syringoma of the upper lip: a case report.
    (2004) Arikan O.K.; Erdogan S.; Muluk N.B.; Koç C.
    Chondroid syringoma (mixed tumor of the skin) is a rare benign neoplasm of the sweat glands which often occurs in the head and neck region. We present a 73-year-old white farmer man with a mass in the anterior surface of the upper lip that was histologically diagnosed as a chondroid syringoma after surgical wide excision. There were no signs of recurrence during a follow-up of 14 months.
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    Cognitive evaluation and quality of life assessment in patients with subjective tinnitus (2)
    (Neurological Society R.O.C (Taiwan), 2016) Dağ E.; Bayar Muluk N.; Karabiçak H.; Arikan O.K.; Türkel Y.
    Purpose: To investigate the effects of subjective tinnitus on cognitive functions. Methods: There were 15 patients (10 bilateral, 5 unilateral) with tinnitus who were non-psychiatric in the study group. There were 14 controls (28 ears of them) that were healthy, non-psychiatric and did not have tinnitus. We used questionnaire form; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD); The SF-36 Health Survey; and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test to evaluate cognitive functions of the subjects. Results: In tinnitus patients, all HAD results (HAD-depression, HAD-anxiety and HAD-total) were insignificantly higher; and all SF-36 items were lower than the control group. In tinnitus group, MoCA scores (mean: 22.28 ± 3.90) were significantly lower then the control group (mean = 26.07 ± 1.74). In tinnitus group, higher MoCA scores were related to increased role limitations due to emotional problems (RE) and physical functioning (PF) values. As subjective tinnitus loudness level (STLL) values increased, HAD-Anxiety values increased and social functioning (SF) values were decreased. In well educated tinnitus patients, MoCA scores found significantly increased. Better Quality of life (QoL) results were found with better MoCA scores. The most important SF-36 items were PF, RE and social functioning (SF). Conclusion: Subjective tinnitus had negative impact not only in quality of life, but also in cognitive function of the patients. © 2016, Neurological Society R.O.C (Taiwan). All rights reserved.
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    The effect of suturing technique and nasal packing on oxidative stress in septoplasty operations
    (2008) Kazkayasi M.; Dinçer C.; Sezikli H.; Arikan O.K.; Cağlayan O.
    OBJECTIVES: We investigated the effect of nasal packing or suturing of the nasal septum after septoplasty on oxidative stress. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 37 patients who underwent septoplasty for isolated septal deviation. At the end of the operation, intranasal packing was used in 18 patients (5 women, 13 men; mean age 30+/-10 years; range 18 to 47 years), and nasal septal suturing was used in 19 patients (5 women, 14 men; mean age 31+/-12 years; range 18 to 54 years). Nasal packs were removed after 48 hours. Plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDH), total sulphydryl content (SH), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured at four sequential times to evaluate oxidative stress. RESULTS: There were no significant changes in plasma levels of MDH, SH, and NO in both treatment groups (p>0.05). Levels of MDH and NO did not differ significantly at four sequential times between the two treatment groups, whereas postoperative SH levels were always significantly higher following septal suturing (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: High levels of SH observed in the suturing group favor this technique over nasal packing application in terms of antioxidant systems and oxidative stress.
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    Is there a relationship between mastoid pneumatisation and facial canal dimensions?
    (Cambridge University Press, 2019) Inal M.; Bayar Muluk N.; Asal N.; Şahan M.H.; Şimşek G.; Arikan O.K.
    Objective To evaluate mastoid pneumatisation and facial canal dimensions.Method In this retrospective study, 169 multidetector computed tomography scans of temporal bone were reviewed. Facial canal dimensions were evaluated at the labyrinthine, tympanic and mastoid segments using axial and coronal multidetector computed tomography scans of temporal bone. Mastoid pneumatisation and facial canal dehiscence were evaluated. Facial canal dehiscence was measured if it was found to be present.Results This study showed that facial canal dimensions decreased in pneumatised mastoids. Facial canal dimensions in females were smaller than in males. Facial canal dehiscence was detected in 5.9 per cent and 6.5 per cent of the patients on the right and left sides, respectively. No correlations were found between facial canal dehiscence and mastoid pneumatisation. The length of dehiscence was 1.92 ± 0.44 mm (range, 0.86-2.51 mm) on the left side. In older subjects, left facial canal dehiscence was detected more, and the length of the dehiscence increased.Conclusion This study concluded that during surgery, facial canal dehiscence should be kept in mind in order to avoid complications. © 2019 JLO (1984) Limited.
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    A prospective randomized controlled trial to determine if cryotherapy can reduce the pain of patients with minor form of recurrent aphthous stomatitis
    (2006) Arikan O.K.; Birol A.; Tuncez F.; Erkek E.; Koc C.
    Background. Tissue cooling has long been used in the management of both acute and chronic pain. Objective. To determine whether the application of cryotherapy can reduce the pain of patients with minor form of recurrent aphthous stomatitis.Study design. Twenty adult patients who had 2 discrete aphthous stomatitides in the labial mucosa at the same time were included in this prospective, randomized, and placebo-controlled study. One of the 2 aphthous stomatitides was treated with cryotherapy, the other serving as a control. The pain of aphthous stomatitis was scored by the patient on a 6-point scale (from 0 to 5). The size of the aphthous stomatitis was also measured. Results. At any interval, no statistical difference was found between the cryotherapy-treated aphthous stomatitis and the control in the change in the value of pain severity, nor was any statistical difference found in the change in the size of the aphthous stomatitis. However, a trend toward less pain in the aphthous stomatitis receiving cryotherapy was noted. Conclusion. These results suggest that application of cryotherapy on minor form of recurrent oral aphthous stomatitis has no benefecial analgesic effect compared to placebo. © 2006 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
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    The role of MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps: Immunohistochemical assessment at eight different levels in the epithelial, subepithelial, and deep layers of the mucosa
    (Medquest Communications LLC, 2015) Muluk N.B.; Arikan O.K.; Atasoy p.; Kiliç R.; Yalçinozan E.T.
    We conducted a prospective study to investigate the role of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. Our study group consisted of 24 patients-21 men and 3 women, aged 23 to 70 years (mean: 45.97 ± 11.60)-with nasal polyposis who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. For comparison purposes, we assembled a control group of 11 patients-6 men and 5 women, aged 18 to 56 years (mean: 29.90 ± 14.22)-without nasal polyps who underwent septoplasty and/or rhinoplasty. We analyzed 36 polyp specimens obtained from the study group (10 from the nasal cavity, 10 from the maxillary sinus, and 16 from the ethmoid sinus) and 11 tissue specimens from the control group (each control provided 1 specimen from the inferior turbinate). We then calculated the mean number of these cells in the epithelium, subepithelial layer of the lamina propria, and the deep paraglandular layer of the mucosa. In general, we found that MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 values were higher in the nasal polyp group. These differences became less so as patients' ages and the duration of polyps increased. We conclude that the most important role that MMP-2 plays in polyp growth may be in terms of perivascular localization and an increase in vascular permeability, which causes inflammatory cell migration and edema in the extracellular matrix. An increase in MMP-2 in glandular tissue may lead to hydrolysis of tissue matrix components. The degraded extracellular matrix may result in fibrosis of the polyps. An increase of MMP-9 in the apical part of the epithelium in the polypoid tissue of the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus, and ethmoid sinus may facilitate the epithelial and endothelial cell migration that is observed during polyp development and growth. © 2015 Vendome Group, LLC All rights reserved.