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Öğe Autologous Blood Pleurodesis in Rats to Elucidate the Amounts of Blood Required for Reliable and Reproducible Results(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2010) Özpolat, Berkant; Gazyağcı, Serkal; Gözübüyük, Alper; Ayva, Şebnem; Atinkaya, CanselBackground. Pleurodesis is used in the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax or refractory pleural effusions of different etiologies. Several agents have been employed, but many questions remain unanswered about their effectiveness and toxicity. Use of autologous blood pleurodesis in clinical practice has been described in the literature without any clear consensus regarding its efficacy. Experimental studies using this technique are limited to a single study in rabbits. We performed a prospective, randomized, observer-blinded, controlled study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of increasing doses of autologous blood pleurodesis in a novel rat model. Materials and Methods. Twenty-eight albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Groups 1, 2, and 3 were the study groups and group 4 was the control group, with seven animals in each group. Groups 1, 2, and 3 were given autologous blood, 1mL/kg, 2mL/kg, 3mL/kg, respectively, and group 4 (control) was given only 2mL/kg saline intrapleurally. The rats were sacrificed on postoperative day 30. The surfaces were graded by macroscopic (visible adhesion formation) and microscopic (inflammation and fibrosis) examination. Results. Macroscopically, group 2 and group 3 developed significantly more adhesions; 3mL/kg autologous blood produced the most significant pleurodesis with generalized adhesions seen between visceral, parietal, and mediastinal pleura. Microscopic examination showed that all study groups developed an inflammatory response at the site of blood injection. There were no pathologic changes in ipsilateral and contralateral lung parenchyma. Conclusions. Autologous blood at doses 2-3mL/kg were shown to be effective to produce adhesions in 30 d, and the results were highly reproducible in all rats. We propose that the occasional negative results obtained in humans may be related to an insufficient amount of injected blood, as observed in our rat model. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Cadaver analysis of thoracic outlet anomalies(Ekin Tibbi Yayincilik Ltd Sti-Ekin Medical Publ, 2011) Tokat, Arif Osman; Atinkaya, Cansel; Esmer, Ali Firat; Apaydin, Nihal; Tekdemir, Ibrahim; Gungor, AdemBackground: This study aims to determinate the rate of thoracic outlet anomalies by means of analysis of cadavers. Methods: Supraclavicular incisions were applied by two anatomists and two thoracic surgeons in the thoracocervicoaxillary region of both extremities (n=40) in twenty cadavers (7 females, 13 males; mean age 46). The formation and type of fibrous bands, cervical ribs, C7 long transverse processes and anomalies of the clavicles, scalenus anterior and scalenus medius muscles, brachial plexus, subclavian arteries and veins were evaluated. The type and formation of fibrous bands were classified using Roos' classification. Results: Anomalies were found in 34 (85%) of extremities. The type 3-band was most frequently (15%) observed and all of them were on the right extremity. The type 4-band was rarely seen (2.5%). Two bands (type 9 and type 11) in the same extremity were notified in one cadaver. (2.5%). The occurrence rate of cervical rib and C7 long transverse process was 10%. Some fibers of m. scalenus medius emerged from a cervical rib in one extremity (2.5%). The arteria subclavia anterior passed through the scalene muscle in three extremities (7.5%). In 10% of extremities the C5 truncus passing through the anterior scalene muscle and upper truncus of brachial plexus passing anterior scalene muscle via perforation was found in 7.5% of patients. Conclusion: In our population, brachial plexus and subclavian artery variations are frequently observed. Therefore these types of anomalies should be taken into consideration to prevent morbidity and complications when muscle division or blockage applications are performed.Öğe CD14 and CD44s Expression in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer(Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2011) Atinkaya, Cansel; Bilgic, Emre; Yazici, Ulku; Taspinar, Mehmet; Oz, Gurhan; Yuruker, Sinan; Tastepe, Abdullah IrfanObjective: Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers with high mortality. Only 10-15% of the patients with lung cancer survive more than five years despite advanced treatment strategies. Features of tumor immunity are important in carcinogenesis, and immunological mechanisms must be clarified. The role of CD14 and CD44s proteins in tumor immunity of lung cancer is controversial, and studies on these proteins mostly were held on cancer cell lines. In this study, we aimed to investigate CD14 and CD44s protein expressions in tumor and normal tissues in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Material and Methods: Thirty patients (25 males and 5 females) with non-small cell lung cancer were included in this study. Specimens obtained during the surgery were frozen in liquid nitrogen, and sliced with a thickness of 5 pm using a microtome. Standard immunohistochemical procedures were used for staining and visualization. Differences in staining patterns between normal and tumor tissues were analyzed statistically with Chi-square test.Results: CD14 and CD44s protein expressions were found both in tumor and in the normal tissues. There was no statistically significant difference in staining patterns between normal and tumor tissues (p>0.05).Conclusion: The expression of the two molecules in both tumoral and healthy tissues demonstrates that different pathways of tumor immunity affect the prognosis of the patients. However, further studies are needed in different types of cancers with larger numbers of cases and different antibodies are needed to clarify the role of CD14 and CD44s.Öğe The effect of CYP1A1, GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms on the risk of lung cancer: A case-control study(Sage Publications Ltd, 2012) Atinkaya, Cansel; Taspinar, Mehmet; Sakiragaoglu, Onur; Oz, Gurhan; Yazici, Ulku; Oztuna, Derya; Sunguroglu, AsumanLung cancer, which is mainly affected by environmental factors, is a lethal malignancy. It is also important to investigate the effect of genetic factors on lung cancer aetiology. In this study, we aimed to investigate the distribution of CYP1A1*2C, GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms in Turkish lung cancer patients to determine whether any promoting effect of polymorphisms could cause development of lung cancer. For this purpose, genomic DNA samples obtained from peripheral blood of 128 patients with lung cancer and 122 healthy subjects were analyzed. Genotyping of polymorphic enzymes were carried out by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. Although there were no significant differences between groups in terms of CYP1A1 polymorphism, the carriers of CYP1A1 Ile/Val genotype (odds ratio [OR] = 1.224, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.585-2.564) or CYP1A1 Val/Val genotype (OR = 3.058, 95% CI: 0.312-30.303) had an increased risk of lung cancer development. There was no statistical difference between groups in terms of both GSTT1 null genotype (OR = 1.114, 95% CI: 0.590-2.105) and GSTM1 null genotype (OR = 0.776, 95% CI: 0.466-1.290). This is the first case-control study investigating CYP1A1 Ile/Val, GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms in Turkish lung cancer patients. Although we suggest that other genes in addition to the proposed genes could play a role in lung cancer development, the results of our study will contribute to the possible associations between CYP1A1 Ile/Val, GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene polymorphism on the risk of lung cancer.Öğe Giant arteriovenous malformation located on the chest wall - Diagnosis and endovascular treatment: Report of a case(Springer, 2010) Yılmaz, Sevda; Atinkaya, Cansel; Aktaş, Aykut; Peynircioğlu, BoraCongenital arteriovenous malformations are usually found in the lower extremities, but a chest wall location is extremely rare. Extensive vascular malformations present difficulties for patients because of severe unsightliness and life-threatening bleeding. Surgical planning and therapeutic indications in vascular malformations are still a difficult problem. This report describes the case of a 27-year-old woman with a congenital giant arteriovenous malformation of the left chest wall. Preoperative embolization was planned prior to surgical intervention because of the increased risk of massive bleeding, and the malformation was completely embolized with absolute alcohol.Öğe Management of gastrostomy to prevent perforation in acute severe corrosive esophagitis and gastritis: An experimental study(Aves, 2011) Han, Serdar; Han, Unsal; Atinkaya, Cansel; Osmanoglu, Gokhan; Cavusoglu, Tarik; Dikmen, ErkanBackground/aims: Symptomatic treatment is still the most commonly preferred treatment modality for acute severe esophagitis and gastritis. Clinical results of this treatment range from pathologies like stricture formation to loss of life. In our study, we aimed to demonstrate the effect of immediate gastrostomy in preventing perforation due to corrosive trauma. Methods: We used 32 rats in two study groups. In Group I (n: 16 rats), 1 ml of corrosive agent (10% NaOH solution) was administered and immediate gastrostomies were performed within 2 hours. In Group II (n: 16 rats), 1 ml corrosive agent (10% NaOH solution) was administered and the rats were treated symptomatically; no operation was performed. Results: Acute death was observed in 5 rats just after the corrosive agent was administered at the beginning of the study. Three rats from Group II died due to esophageal and gastric perforation within one week (25%). Necrosis was reported in 5 non-gastrostomized rats; however, no necrosis was observed in the gastrostomized group (p=0.037). Conclusions: Severe acute corrosive esophagitis and gastritis may be fatal. Furthermore, survivors may suffer from lifelong associated problems. From this study, we concluded that immediate gastrostomy in acute corrosive esophagitis and gastritis may play an important role in preventing necrosis and perforation risk.Öğe Plasma Nitric Oxide Levels and Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity in Lung Cancer Patients(John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2009) Korkmaz, Şebnem; Gurleyik, Ebru; Taşpınar, Mehmet; Öztuna, Derya; Atinkaya, Cansel; Yazıcı, Ülkü; Sunguroğlu, Asuman…Öğe Servikal mediastinotomi ve tüp drenajı ile tedavi edilen iatrojenik trakea yaralanması, olgu sunumu(2011) Özpolat, Berkant; Atinkaya, Cansel; Özdemir, NezihTrakeobronşiyal hasar endotrakeal entübasyonun hayati bir komplikasyonudur. Akciğer kist hidatiği nedeniyle standart torakotomi ile kistotomi ve kapitonaj ameliyatı uygulanan 7 yaşındaki bir kız çocukta masif ciltaltı amfizem gelişmesi sonrasında teşhis edilen, entübasyon nedenli trakea yaralanması sunuldu. Tedavide servikal mediastinotomi ve tüp drenajı başarıyla kullanıldı. Konservatif ve cerrahi tedavi metodları tartışıldı.
