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  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Consequences of Social Isolation in Rats on Their Antioxidant Defense System and Erythrocyte Deformability
    (Aves, 2009) Aydoğan, Sami; Aşçıoğlu, Meral; Çomu, Faruk Metin
    Purpose: In this study, our purpose was to investigate effect of oxidative stress composing in isolated rats on erythrocyte deformability and antioxidant system, considering importance of mechanical, and biochemical properties of erythrocytes in efficiency of blood circulation Material and Methods: Fourty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups according to their ages; where one of them consisted of 2 months old rats and the other 12 months old rats. Then, randomly selected ten rats in each group were isolated separately in a cage and hold 12/12 hour light-dark cycle lasting 21 days. Blood samples were collected at the end of the 21st day, and superoxide dismutasc (SOD), catalasc (CAT) activities and malondialdchydc (MDA) levels were measured spcctrophotometrically. Changes in plasma nitric oxide level were determined by Griess method depending on total nitrite -nitrate. In addition, relative filtration rate (RFR), relative filtration time (RFT) and relative resistance (Rrcl) of the erythrocytes were calculated as the indexes of erythrocyte deformability. Results: The SOD and CAT levels were found significantly lower in both of young and adult isolated rats when compared to the young and adult control groups. The nitric oxide levels were also found significantly lower in the young and adult isolated rats when compared to their control groups. The peroxidation of the lipids were also decreased by social isolation, in the erythrocyte membrane of both young and adult isolated rats compared to the controls. The indexes of erythrocyte deformability, RFR was found significantly higher, whereas the RFT was significantly lower in young and adult isolated rats compared to the young and adult controls. However, the Rrel of the erythrocytes were not altered dramatically. Conclusion: As a consequence, our data reveals that the social isolation causes a lack of plasma nitric oxide levels in the socially isolated rats and probably due to this decrease in one of the major oxidants for the erythrocyte membrane results in the decreased lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, our results reveal that the social isolation stress causes alterations in the antioxidant defense system and these alteration results in the changes in erythrocyte deformability reflecting that some tissue perfusion problems can occur with long term and repeated loneliness and especially in the early stages of the life span.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Consequences of social ısolation in rats on their antioxidant defense system and erythrocyte deformability
    (2009) Aydoğan, Sami; Aşçıoğlu, Meral; Çomu, Faruk Metin
    Amaç: Bu çalışmada amacımız, eritrositlerin biyokimyasal ve mekanik özelliklerinin dolaşımın etkinliğinin belirlenmesindeki önemini dikkate alarak, sosyal izolasyon uygulanan sıçanlarda oluşan oksidatif stresin eritrositlerin deformabilite özellikleri ve antioksidan sistem üzerine etkilerini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada 40 adet Sprague Dawley sıçan, 2 aylık (genç) ve 12 aylık (erişkin) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Daha sonra her gruptan 10'ar sıçan, 12/12 saat aydınlık/karanlık siklusunda, 21 gün boyunca tek başlarına ayrı kafeslere alınarak, sosyal izolasyon stresi yaratıldı. 21. gün sonunda alınan kan örneklerinde, eritrositlerde antioksidan enzimlerden SOD, CAT ve lipid peroksidasyonun bir göstergesi olarak MDA düzeyleri spektrofotometrik olarak ölçüldü. Plazma nitrik oksit değişiklikleri total nitrit-nitrat ölçümüne dayalı Griess yöntemi ile tayin edildi. Ayrıca hazırlanan eritrosit süspansiyonları %5 hematokrite ayarlanarak, filtrasyon yöntemi ile, relatif filtrasyon hızı (RFR), relatif filtrasyon zamanı (RFT) ve relatif direnç (Rrel) değerleri ölçüldü. Bulgular: SOD ve CAT düzeyleri hem genç hemde erişkin olan sosyal olarak izole edilmiş sıçanlarda istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı derecede düşük bulunmuştur. Sosyal izolasyon uygulanan sıçanlarda ,nitrik oksit düzeyleri de erişkinlerde daha belirgin olmak üzere hem genç hem de erişkinlerde daha düşüktür.Lipid peroksidasyon ürünü MDA düzeyleri de her iki grupta kontrollere göre azalmıştır.Eritrosit deformabilite indekslerinden RFR değerleri izole sıçanlarda önemli derecede yüksek bulunurken, RFT hem genç hem de erişkinlerde kontrollere göre düşük bulunmuştur.Ancak eritrositlerin Rrel değerlerinde önemli derecede bir değişiklik olmamıştır. Sonuç: Verilerimiz sosyal izolasyonun sıçanlarda plazma nitrik oksit düzeylerini azalttığı ve muhtemelen bu azalmayla bağlantılı olarak eritrosit membranında lipid peroksidasyonun da azaldığına işaret etmektedir. Ayrıca, sosyal izolasyon stresi antioksidan enzim aktivitelerini de değiştirmiş ve buda muhtemelen daha uzun süreli ve tekrarlanan yalnızlık durumlarında, özellikle yaşamın ilk dönemlerinde doku perfüzyonu problemlerine yol açabilecek deformabilite değişiklikleri ile sonuçlanabilecektir.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    The influence of sevoflurane anesthesia on the rat red blood cell deformability
    (2006) Aydoğan, Sami; Yerer, Mükerrem Betül; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Arslan, Mustafa; Güneş-Ekinci, Işın; Ünal, Yusuf; Kurtipek, Ömer
    Alterations in blood rheology under the influence of anesthesia have been observed and discussed among the responsible factors for the deterioration of tissue and organ perfusion related to anesthetic procedures. Sevoflurane is one of the volatil anesthetics which is being used very common in surgery. In this study, the effects of sevoflurane anesthesia were investigated in different age groups of rats. 22 male rats were used in the study and the rats were divided into two groups according to their age (young and old) comprising of two subgroups in each. First group was the young control (n = 5), the second was the young group treated with sevoflurane (n = 5), the third group was the old control (n = 7) and the last group was the old group treated with sevoflurane (n = 5). %2 of sevoflurane was applied to the rats with inhalation in a adjustable cage for one hour. The deformability indexes of the erythrocytes were measured by a laser diffractometer (Myrenne Rheodyne SSD). Deformability indexes of red blood cells were significantly decreased with sevoflurane in old rats (p = 0.028) whereas it had not any significant effect in young group compared with their controls. When we compared the young and old control groups, the deformability indexes were significantly higher in old ones (p < 0.001). However, there were not any significant difference between the old and the young sevoflurane applied groups. A volatil anesthetic agent sevoflurane has impaired the deformability of erythrocytes in old rats compared to their controls, whereas it had not any significant effect in young ones which may be due to the flexibility of the young erythrocytes leading them to tolerate to the environmental changes. These results reveal that the inhalation anesthetics like sevoflurane may cause more serious problems in the elder people and their hemodynamic parameters should be checked more seriously during the surgery. © 2006 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.