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    Consequences of Social Isolation in Rats on Their Antioxidant Defense System and Erythrocyte Deformability
    (Aves, 2009) Aydogan, Sami; Ascioglu, Meral; Comu, Faruk Metin
    Purpose: In this study, our purpose was to investigate effect of oxidative stress composing in isolated rats on erythrocyte deformability and antioxidant system, considering importance of mechanical, and biochemical properties of erythrocytes in efficiency of blood circulation Material and Methods: Fourty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups according to their ages; where one of them consisted of 2 months old rats and the other 12 months old rats. Then, randomly selected ten rats in each group were isolated separately in a cage and hold 12/12 hour light-dark cycle lasting 21 days. Blood samples were collected at the end of the 21st day, and superoxide dismutasc (SOD), catalasc (CAT) activities and malondialdchydc (MDA) levels were measured spcctrophotometrically. Changes in plasma nitric oxide level were determined by Griess method depending on total nitrite -nitrate. In addition, relative filtration rate (RFR), relative filtration time (RFT) and relative resistance (Rrcl) of the erythrocytes were calculated as the indexes of erythrocyte deformability. Results: The SOD and CAT levels were found significantly lower in both of young and adult isolated rats when compared to the young and adult control groups. The nitric oxide levels were also found significantly lower in the young and adult isolated rats when compared to their control groups. The peroxidation of the lipids were also decreased by social isolation, in the erythrocyte membrane of both young and adult isolated rats compared to the controls. The indexes of erythrocyte deformability, RFR was found significantly higher, whereas the RFT was significantly lower in young and adult isolated rats compared to the young and adult controls. However, the Rrel of the erythrocytes were not altered dramatically. Conclusion: As a consequence, our data reveals that the social isolation causes a lack of plasma nitric oxide levels in the socially isolated rats and probably due to this decrease in one of the major oxidants for the erythrocyte membrane results in the decreased lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, our results reveal that the social isolation stress causes alterations in the antioxidant defense system and these alteration results in the changes in erythrocyte deformability reflecting that some tissue perfusion problems can occur with long term and repeated loneliness and especially in the early stages of the life span.
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    Öğe
    Gender-related alerations in erythrocyte mechanical activities under desflurane or sevoflurane anesthesia
    (Ios Press, 2008) Yerer, Muekerrem Betue; Aydogan, Sami; Comu, Faruk Metin
    Alterations in erythrocyte mechanical activities under the influence of anesthesia have been observed and discussed among the responsible factors for the deterioration of tissue and organ perfusion related to anesthetic procedures. 21 female and 17 male Swiss Albino rats were used. Female (f) and male ( m) rats were divided into 3 groups; control (f (n = 7); m (n = 5)), sevoflurane treated group (f (n = 7); m ( n = 5)), desflurane treated group ( f ( n = 7); m (n = 7)). 2% of sevoflurane or 6% desflurane were applied to the rats with inhalation in an adjustable cage for one hour. The deformability indexes of the erythrocytes were measured by a laser diffractometer (Myrenne Rheodyne SSD). Sevoflurane anesthesia has improved the deformability of erythrocytes in male rats (p < 0.05) whereas there were not any significant changes in female rats. Desflurane has improved the deformability of erythrocytes in both gender significantly (p < 0.05). Volatil anesthetic agents sevofluran and desflurane has improved the mechanical properties of the erythrocytes in male rats compared to their controls. However, these changes were not significant with sevoflurane in females. The results in male rats may be due to the effects of testosterone on the flexibility of the erythrocytes leading them to tolerate to the environmental changes. These results reveal that the inhalation anesthetics like sevoflurane and desflurane are appropriate anesthetics which can improve the deformability of erythrocytes during surgery.
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    Öğe
    The red blood cell deformability alterations under desfluran anesthesia in rats
    (Ios Press, 2006) Yerer, Mükerrem Betül; Aydogan, Sami; Çomu, Faruk Metin; Arsland, Mustafa; Güneş-Ekinci, Işın; Kurtipek, Ömer; Ünal, Yusuf
    General anesthesia, either with inhalation or through nonvolatile anesthetics, is known to affect the overall cardiovascular function as well as the microcirculatory hemodynamics. In this study, the effects of desfluran anesthesia on the red blood cell deformability of young and old rats are investigated. 33 male rats were used in the study and the rats were divided into two groups according to their age (young and old) comprising of two subgroups in each. First group was the young control (n=5), the second was the young group treated with desfluran (n=7), the third group was the old control (n=7) and the last group was the old group treated with desfluran (n=7). %6 of desfluran was applied to the rats with inhalation in an adjustable cage for one hour. The elongation indexes of the erythrocytes were measured by a laser diffractometer (Myrenne Rheodyne SSD). Deformability indexes of red blood cells were significantly increased with desfluran in young rats (p=0.042) whereas they were significantly decreased in old rats (p=0.004) with desfluran application compared with their controls. When we compared the young and old control groups, the deformability indexes were significantly higher in old ones (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the old and the young desfluran applied groups. The volatile anesthetic agent desfluran impairs the deformability of erythrocytes in old rats compared to their controls, whereas it has the opposite effects on young ones. This may be due to the alterations in membrane structure with age. These results reveal that the inhalation of anesthetics like desfluran may cause more serious problems in the elder people during the surgery and may influence their hemodynamic parameters.