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Öğe Extracellular Trap Formation by Donkey Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils Against Toxoplasma gondii(Elsevier Science Inc, 2019) Yildiz, Kader; Gokpinar, Sami; Sursal, Neslihan; Babur, Cahit; Ozen, Dogukan; Azkur, Ahmet KursatToxoplasma (T.) gondii is an obligatory intracellular apicomplexan parasite. The donkey is one of the intermediate hosts of T. gondii. There are almost no data about T. gondii infection in donkeys, apart from a few seroprevalence reports. The aim of the study was to detect the formation of extracellular traps by donkey polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) when exposed to T. gondii tachyzoites in vitro. Tachyzoites were observed to be entrapped within extracellular traps (NET) structures. Myeloperoxidase, neutrophil elastase (NE), and histone (H3) were observed in NET structures. NE and reactive oxygen species activity increased with time and was higher in the PMN-tachyzoite cocultures. Some tachyzoites were seen close localization to the nucleus of neutrophils. Degranulation and extracellular traps were observed simultaneously in some donkey neutrophils after incubation for 1 hour. The tachyzoite invasion rate decreased in PMN-tachyzoite cocultures in comparison to the controls. NETs can negatively affect the viability of entrapped tachyzoites in addition to their action of physical entrapment. NE may play a key role in the viability of T. gondii in donkeys. The amount of extracellular DNA increased with incubation time in the PMN-tachyzoite cocultures (P < .001). This is a first report regarding the formation of donkeys NETs after exposure to T. gondii tachyzoites in vitro. Unlike sheep and cattle PMN, degranulation and extracellular traps developed in the same neutrophil. Further studies focusing on signaling pathways may shed light on what determines the behavior of donkey neutrophils after exposure to T. gondii. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Investigation of Antibodies Against Listeria monocytogenes in Ram and Ewes in Ankara Province(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2009) Gazyagci, Serkal; Yildirim, Murat; Babur, Cahit; Kilic, SelcukThis study was conducted on determination seroprevalance of listeriosis in sacrifial ewes and rams in Ankara. Antibody titers were detected against Listeria monocytogenes by Osebold Agglutination Test ( OAT). 112 sera of 205 were found as seropositive (%54.6) against Listeriosis. According to this study, Listeria monocytogenes was determined as a common disease in rams and ewes for sacrify in Ankara.Öğe Investigation of the diagnostic value of serology, cytology and polymerase chain reaction in cat toxoplasmosis(Ankara Univ Press, 2017) Yasa Duru, Sibel; Kul, Oguz; Babur, Cahit; Deniz, Ahmet; Pekcan, Zeynep; Pir Yagci, IlknurToxoplasmosis is an infectious disease affecting most of the mammalian and aviary animals caused by Toxoplasma gondii. In this study, diagnostic values of bronchoalveolar lavage, biopsy and PCR and their practical implementation ways were questioned. The results of the each test were evaluated. Additionally, incidence of toxoplasmosis among seropositive cats were investigated by T. gondii and oocyst shedding screened in the stool samples, as well. The material of the study was constituted by blood, stool and bronchoalveoloar lavage samples taken from totally 102 cats. Bronchoalveolar lavage samples were evaluated for cytologic examination. In PCR analysis, T. gondii B1 primary sets were used and conventional-PCR procedure was applied. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 49 (48,03%) of 102, with titers of 1/16 in 41 (40,19%), 1/64 in 8 (7,84%) cats. Only one cat exhibited systemic toxoplasmosis. In conclusion, although the seroprevalance was 48.03%, systemic toxoplasmosis rate was found 0.98% (1/49) with a lower percentage.Öğe Reactivated and clinical Toxoplasma gondii infection in young lambs: Clinical, serological and pathological evidences(Elsevier Science Bv, 2012) Atmaca, Hasan Tarik; Ocal, Naci; Babur, Cahit; Kul, OguzIn this study, fatal toxoplasmosis with severe neurological clinical signs was evaluated in 20 lambs of a sheep flock containing 90 Akkaraman sheep, 60 lambs and 3 rams. The clinical signs in infected lambs (n = 20) included incoordination, head shaking, tremors, shaking up, difficulty walking and subsequent death. No incidence of abortion observed in pregnant ewes. Two lambs with severe clinical signs were euthanized and necropsied following clinical and hematological examinations. Blood samples were also collected from the mothers of dead lambs and rams for Sabin-Feldman dye test to detect Toxoplasma gondii-specific antibodies. T. gondii infection was further confirmed by PCR analysis using T. gondii B1 gene specific primers. The histopathological findings included non-purulent myositis with T. gondii-like tissue cysts in the heart and skeletal musculature, severe necrotic vasculitis and multifocal necroses in the brain, liver and lungs. T. gondii immunoreactivity was present in the lungs, liver and spleen as well as tissue cyst-like structures. In differential diagnosis, Neospora caninum infection was excluded by immunohistochemical and PCR analyses. According to current literature, there has been no previous report on clinical toxoplasmosis in newborn lambs or goat kids, and the number of reports on clinical toxoplasmosis in small ruminants is limited to two adult goats with fatality following systemic toxoplasmosis. Our study indicated that toxoplasmosis occurs in lambs with severe neurological signs and subsequent death. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Role of NETs in the difference in host susceptibility to Toxoplasma gondii between sheep and cattle(Elsevier Science Bv, 2017) Yıldız, Kader; Gökpınar, Sami; Gazyağcı, Aycan Nuriye; Babur, Cahit; Sursal, Neslihan; Azkur, Ahmet KürşatThe main aim of this study was to compare extracellular traps (NETs) formation by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) of cattle and sheep when exposed to T. gondii tachyzoites in vitro. The effects of parasite concentrations and different incubation periods on NETs development in cattle and sheep PMNs were studied. The effect of NET structures on host cell invasion by tachyzoites was also studied. This is the first report of NETs development by sheep and cattle PMNs against T. gondii in vitro. T. gondii-induced extracellular DNA production from PMNs was dependent on tachyzoite concentrations and incubation time in both sheep and cattle. Many nuclear and cytoplasmic changes were observed in sheep and cattle PMNs after exposure to T. gondii tachyzoites. The typical appearance of NETs, with MPO, NE and histone (H3) attached to extracellular DNA, was observed. Tachyzoites were entrapped within this structure. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was higher in the cattle PMNtachyzoite co-cultures than sheep. NETs structures released from sheep PMNs caused mechanical immobilisation of T. gondii tachyzoites, however, NET structures released from cattle PMNs may be lethal to tachyzoites. Bovine MPO may have a lethal effect on T. gondii tachyzoites in vitro during a 3 h incubation. Besides other mechanisms that effect on host susceptibility to T. gondii in sheep and cattle, extracellular traps formation as a part of immunological reactions may be play a role in host susceptibility to T. gondii.Öğe Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in dairy cattle ranches with high abortion rate: Special emphasis to serologic co-existence with Toxoplasma gondii, Brucella abortus and Listeria monocytogenes(Elsevier Science Bv, 2009) Yildiz, Kader; Kul, Oguz; Babur, Cahit; Kılıç, Selçuk; Gazyağci, Aycan N.; Celebi, Bekir; Gurcan, I. SafaThe aim of this study was to determine seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in dairy cattle ranches with higher abortion rates and co-existence of Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii, Brucella abortus, and Listeria monocytogenes antibodies. The blood samples were collected from dairy cows with history of abortion (n = 234) as well as from pregnant cows that were (n = 323) kept in the same ranches. N. caninum seroprevalence was 10.77% (60/557). The co-existence rate of N. caninum seropositivity with T. gondii, B. abortus and L. monocytagenes was 24.77% (138/557), 13.82% (77/557) and 42.85% (162/378), respectively. Only one animal had significant antibody titers for all analyzed infectious agents. The seroprevalence of N. caninum and T. gondii were significantly higher in pregnant cows than aborted cows (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). As a result, the comprehensive data generated through this study can significantly contribute to understanding of serologic association of N. caninum with T gondii, B. abortus and L monocytogenes in pregnant and aborted dairy cows. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in sheep in Aydin region in Turkey(2004) Paşa, Serdar; Babur, Cahit; Kılıç, Selçuk; Gazyagci, Serkal; Bayramlı, GökselThis study was carried out on 100 sheep in Aydin region, in Turkey between March and April 2002. The serum samples were tested with Sabin Feldman dye test (DT) to detect antibodies against T. gondii. Of 100 sheep serum samples tested with DT, 72 (72%) were positive. Titers of 16, 64, 256 and 1024 were found in 23 (31.94%), 25 (34.72%), 20 (27.77%) and 4 (5.55%) of the 72 seropositive sheep.
