Yazar "Bafaqeeh S.A." seçeneğine göre listele

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    Alternative products to treat allergic rhinitis and alternative routes for allergy immunotherapy
    (OceanSide Publications Inc., 2016) Ipci K.; Oktemer T.; Muluk N.B.; Şahin E.; Altintoprak N.; Bafaqeeh S.A.; Cingi C.
    Background: Some alternative products instead of immunotherapy are used in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods: In this paper, alternative products to treat allergic rhinitis and alternative routes for allergy immunotherapy are reviewed. Results: Alternative products and methods used instead of immunotherapy are tea therapy, acupuncture, Nigella sativa, cinnamon bark, Spanish needle, acerola, capsaicin (Capsicum annum), allergen-absorbing ointment, and cellulose powder. N. sativa has been used in AR treatment due to its anti-inflammatory effects. N. sativa oil also inhibits the cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism. The beneficial effects of N. sativa seed supplementation on the symptoms of AR may be due to its antihistaminic properties. To improve the efficacy of immunotherapy, some measures are taken regarding known immunotherapy applications and alternative routes of intralymphatic immunotherapy and epicutaneous immunotherapy are used. Conclusion: There are alternative routes and products to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy. Copyright © 2016, OceanSide Publications, Inc., U.S.A.
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    Clinical efficacy of immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis
    (OceanSide Publications Inc., 2016) Oktemer T.; Altintoprak N.; Muluk N.B.; Senturk M.; Kar M.; Bafaqeeh S.A.; Cingi C.
    Background: Aeroallergen immunotherapy (AIT) should be considered for patients who exhibit symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR), rhinoconjunctivitis, and/or asthma after natural exposure to allergens and who also demonstrate specific immunoglobulin E antibodies against relevant allergens. Methods: In this paper, clinical efficacy of immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis is reviewed. Result: Subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT) is effective for seasonal and perennial AR. Sustained effectiveness requires several years of treatment. SCIT may prevent the development of allergic asthma in children with AR. Sublingual allergen immunotherapy (SLIT) is currently considered an alternative treatment to the subcutaneous route. The use of SLIT has been included in international guidelines for the treatment of AR with or without conjunctivitis. Conclusion: Patients treated with SCIT are at risk of both local and systemic adverse reactions; however, in most cases, symptoms are readily reversible if they are recognized early and treated promptly. The safety profile of SLIT is good; therefore, SLIT can be self-administered by patients in their homes. In this article, we reviewed the efficacy and safety of allergen immunotherapy. Copyright © 2016, OceanSide Publications, Inc.
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    Mechanism of action of allergen immunotherapy
    (OceanSide Publications Inc., 2016) Şahin E.; Bafaqeeh S.A.; Güven S.G.; Çetinkaya E.A.; Muluk N.B.; Coşkun Z.O.; Cingi C.
    Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) leads to the production of antiallergen immunoglobulin (IgG) or "blocking antibody" in the serum and an increase in antiallergen IgG and IgA in nasal secretions. There is also a decrease in the usual rise in antiallergen IgE that occurs after the pollen season. Methods: In this paper, mechanisms of action of allergen immunotherapy is reviewed. Results: Regulatory T (Treg) cells and their cytokines, primarily interleukin (IL) 10 and transforming growth factor beta, suppress T-helper type 2 immune responses and control allergic diseases in many ways. AIT induces a shift in the proportion of IL-4-secreting T-helper type 2 cells in favor of IL-10-secreting inducible Treg cells specific for the same allergenic epitope that increases in number and function. Different types of inducible Treg control several facets of allergic inflammation. There are two main types of immunotherapy: subcutaneous immunotherapy and sublingual immunotherapy. Subcutaneous immunotherapy is efficacious and is indicated for the reduction of seasonal symptoms. Sublingual immunotherapy involves the regular self-administration and retention of allergen extract under the tongue for 1-2 minutes before the extract is swallowed. The allergens cross the mucosa in 15-30 minutes and are then captured by tolerogenic dendritic cells and processed as small peptides. Next, via the lymphatic system, a systemic immune response is created to produce an early decrease in mast cell and basophil degranulation. Conclusion: AIT is indicated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe intermittent or persistent symptoms of allergic rhinitis. AIT can be administered to those >5 years of age and has been shown to be safe in children as young as 3 years of age. In this article, AIT and other types of immunotherapies were discussed as well as the indications for immunotherapy. Copyright © 2016, OceanSide Publications, Inc.