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    Evaluation of removal efficiency of capping materials used in pulp revascularization in vitro
    (Bmc, 2023) Yildiz Cebeci, Gozde; Almaz, Merve Erkmen; Orhan, Ekim Onur; Beklen, Arzu
    Background This study aimed to evaluate the removal efficiency of different capping materials used in pulp revascularization (PR) in a failure scenario. Methods The apices of freshly extracted 30 maxillary incisors were cut to mimic the immature teeth; then, root canals were shaped up to #6 Peeso reamers. The regeneration steps of the American Association of Endodontists (AAE) were followed to simulate PR treatment in vitro. The canals were dressed with the Ciprofloxacin and Metronidazole medicament mixture for 2 weeks. Then capping material groups were created: BioDentine (BD), ProRootMTA (PMTA), and RetroMTA (RMTA) (n = 10). The sealed specimens were stored for 2 weeks at 37 degrees C in phosphate-buffered saline then the samples were examined by micro-computed tomography (mu-CT) analysis. Set capping materials were retrieved using a specific cement removal kit by a single blind operator. The residue materials were examined again by mu CT. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests sought the significance for residue volumes. One-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests with the Bonferroni corrections sought significance for the duration (p = 0.05). Results In the first examined mu CT data, the mean (SD) capping material volumes of the PMTA, BD, and RMTA were 6.447 mu m(3) (1.086), 8.771 mu m(3) (0.491), and 8.114 mu m(3) (2.447), respectively. In the last examined mu CT data, the median (IQR) residual volumes of the PMTA, BD, and RMTA were 0.051 mu m(3) (0.1), 0.313 mu m(3) (0.5), and 0.124 mu m(3) (0.1), respectively. A significant difference was found between BD and PMTA in the residual volumes (p < 0.05). The mean (SD) durations of the retrieving procedures of PMTA, BD, and RMTA were 19.83 min (2.34), 19.24 (3.60), and 22.04 (1.68), respectively (p = 0.063). Conclusions Within the limitations of the presented study, it was concluded that the capping materials were largely removed from the root canals using a non-invasive approach. Nevertheless, this duration of the retrieving could be described as long.
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    Öğe
    The rate of tobacco smoking among dental school students in Turkey
    (2019) Gürlek, Önder; Başer, Ülkü; Beklen, Arzu; Güncü, Güliz N; Hakkı, Sema S; Haytaç, Mehmet C; Kuru, Leyla
    Objectives: This survey aimed to investigate the attitudes of the first- and fifth-year Turkish dental school students towards tobacco and to determine the prevalence of those using various tobacco products. Materials & Methods: The survey was conducted between May 1 and June 30, 2018 and the first- and fifth-year students were from eleven dental schools located in different regions of Turkey. Data were tested statistically using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program. Results: A total of 1228 students participated and 1096 completed the online survey. The majority of the participants were females (n=691, 63.05%). Mean age of the participants was 21.8 ± 2.9 years (age range 18-54 years). Although the overall rate of current smokers was 37.96%, 62.04% of the participants had inhaled tobacco smoke at least once. More than half (55.19%) of the current smokers stated that they wish to quit and 29.26% of these students have attempted to quit within the last six months. Only 19.49% of all participants defined themselves as highly addicted to cigarette smoking. The rate of waterpipe smokers was 41.2%, of which 83.7% declared that they had no intention to quit. Conclusion: This study shows that the rate of tobacco smokers is rather high among dental school students in Turkey and this finding points out the need for novel and more effective precautions against tobacco.