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Öğe A comparative study of oculomotor, trochlear and abducens nerves in Arabian foals(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2017) Bolat, D.; Yildiz, D.; Bahar, S.; Yuruker, S.; Kaymaz, F.; Ilgin, C.; Sabanci, S. S.We investigated the microscopic structure of transverse sections of the oculomotor, trochlear and abducens nerves of Arabian foals using stereological methods. Bilateral nerve pairs from 2month-old female Arabian foals were analyzed. The tissues were embedded in plastic blocks, then 1 mu m thick sections were cut and stained with osmium tetroxide and methylene blue-azure II. Stereology was performed using light microscopy. Morphometry showed that the right and left pairs of nerves were similar. The transverse sectional areas of the oculomotor, trochlear and abducens nerves were 1.93 +/- 0.19 mm(2), 0.32 +/- 0.06 mm(2) and 0.70 +/- 0.08 mm(2), respectively. The oculomotor nerve exhibited a significantly greater number of myelinated axons (16755 +/- 1279) and trochlear (2656 +/- 494) and the abducens nerves (4468 +/- 447). The ratio of the axon diameter to myelinated nerve fiber diameter was 0.58, 0.55 and 0.55 for the oculomotor, trochlear and abducens nerves, respectively. Of the three nerves studied, the abducens nerve exhibited the greatest nerve fiber area, myelin area, nerve and axon diameters, and myelin thickness. The ratio of small myelinated nerve fibers was greatest in the oculomotor nerve.Öğe Comparison of the Morphometric Features of the Left and Right Horse Kidneys: A Stereological Approach(Wiley, 2013) Bolat, D.; Bahar, S.; Tipirdamaz, S.; Selcuk, M. L.The aims of this study were to determine the total volume of the horse kidney and volume fractions of its functional subcomponents (cortex, medulla, renal pelvis) using stereological methods and investigate any possible difference in the functional subcomponents of the right and left kidneys that may arise from differences in shape. The study was carried out on the kidneys of 5 horses of different breed and sex. The weight of the kidneys was measured by a digital scale, and kidney volume was calculated by Archimedes' principle. Total kidney volume and volume fractions of subcomponents of the right and left kidneys were estimated by the Cavalieri's principle. The weights of the right and left kidneys were 550 +/- 25g and 585 +/- 23g, respectively. The volumes of the right and left kidneys estimated using the Cavalieri method were 542 +/- 46ml and 581 +/- 29ml. The relative organ weight of the kidneys was calculated as 1:330. The densities of the right and left kidneys were determined to be 1.01 and 1.00, respectively. The mean volume fractions of the cortex, medulla and renal pelvis were determined as 55.6, 42.7 and 1.7 in both kidneys. No statistically significant difference existed between morphometric data pertaining to the right and left kidneys (P>0.05). To determine precisely whether differences in shape cause any difference in the functional subcomponents of the right and left kidneys requires further investigation of differences in the number of microscopically functional unit of the kidney such as renal glomeruli and nephrons.Öğe Stereological and biochemical evaluation of diclofenac-induced acute nephrotoxicity in rats(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2013) Bolat, D.; Selcuk, M. L.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diclofenac-induced acute nephrotoxicity using stereological and biochemical parameters in rats. For that, 20 male Wistar rats allotted in 4 equal groups were intraperitoneally injected by 0, 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg diclofenac, respectively and 8 hours after injection, blood serum samples were collected for assessment of urea, creatinine, fibrinogen, antithrombin III, malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide, vitamin C and beta-carotene concentrations and amine deaminase (ADA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. After slaughtering, left kidneys were stereologically evaluated. Despite slight but more often not significant variations especially observed in rats treated with 50 mg/kg diclofenac, stereological renal parameters, oxidative stress markers and coagulation markers were considered to be within usual values in rats. By contrast, significant and dose related increases in uraemia were evidenced in intoxicated animals. It was concluded that diclofenac-induced kidney damage cannot be evaluated by kidney stereological and serum oxidative stress parameters, however, more severe kidney damage may cause observable alterations in these parameters.Öğe The effect of dietary garlic (Allium sativum), black cumin (nigella sativa) and their combination on performance, intestine morphometry, serum biochemistry and antioxidant status of broiler chickens(Fundacao APINCO de Ciencia e Tecnologia Avicolas, 2020) Aydogan, I.; Yildirim, Ebru; Kurum, A.; Bolat, D.; Cinar, M.; Basalan, M.; Yigit, A.This study was conducted to examine the effects of garlic (G), black cumin (BC) and G+BC within the broiler rations, on performance, relative organ weights, intestinal morphology, serum biochemistry and plasma total oxidant/ antioxidant status. Two hundred broilers chicks (Ross 308) were used and they were divided into 4 groups consisting of 5 subgroups of 10 animals each. The trial was ended on the 35th day. No addition was made to the control group ration. 5g / kg garlic (G), 5g / kg black cumin (BC) and 5g / kg G + 5g / kg BC were added to the experimental group rations, respectively. There was no statistical difference among the trial groups in terms of BWG, FI, FCR and relative organ weights (p>0.05). Serum total protein (p<0.05) and albumin (p<0.001) levels were higher in BC and BC +G groups as compared to G and control group. Serum AST activity were lower in G group as compared to control and other experimental groups (p<0.05). On histological examinations, regarding the duodenal epithelium; there was no difference among the trial groups. Hyperemia was observed, especially in the G group, in macroscopic exams of lamina propria and other viticular areas. The lymph follicles were more wide spread in the G + BC, G and BC groups than in the control. The results of the study showed that the combination of BC and G can have beneficial effects, and different doses of G and BC may be used to see positive or negative effects. © 2020, Fundacao APINCO de Ciencia e Tecnologia Avicolas. All rights reserved.Öğe The Effect of Dietary Garlic (Allium Sativum), Black Cumin (Nigella Sativa) and Their Combination on Performance, Intestine Morphometry, Serum Biochemistry and Antioxidant Status of Broiler Chickens(Facta-Fundacio Arnco Ciencia Tecnologia Avicolas, 2020) Aydogan, I; Yildirim, E.; Kurum, A.; Bolat, D.; Cinar, M.; Basalan, M.; Yigit, A.This study was conducted to examine the effects of garlic (G), black cumin (BC) and G+BC within the broiler rations, on performance, relative organ weights, intestinal morphology, serum biochemistry and plasma total oxidant/ antioxidant status. Two hundred broilers chicks (Ross 308) were used and they were divided into 4 groups consisting of 5 subgroups of 10 animals each. The trial was ended on the 35th day. No addition was made to the control group ration. 5g / kg garlic (G), 5g / kg black cumin (BC) and 5g / kg G + 5g / kg BC were added to the experimental group rations, respectively. There was no statistical difference among the trial groups in terms of BWG, FI, FCR and relative organ weights (p>0.05). Serum total protein (p<0.05) and albumin (p<0.001) levels were higher in BC and BC +G groups as compared to G and control group. Serum AST activity were lower in G group as compared to control and other experimental groups (p<0.05). On histological examinations, regarding the duodenal epithelium; there was no difference among the trial groups. Hyperemia was observed, especially in the G group, in macroscopic exams of lamina propria and other viticular areas. The lymph follicles were more wide spread in the G + BC, G and BC groups than in the control. The results of the study showed that the combination of BC and G can have beneficial effects, and different doses of G and BC may be used to see positive or negative effects.
