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    Effect of ovarian activity on orthodontic tooth movement and gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin-1 beta and prostaglandin E-2 in cats
    (E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc, 2013) Celebi, Ahmet Arif; Demirer, Serhat; Catalbas, Bulent; Arikan, Sevket
    Objective: To evaluate whether there is any correlation between ovarian activity and two potent bone-resorbing mediators (prostaglandin E-2 [PGE(2)], interleukin-1 beta [IL-1 beta]) secreted from the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during orthodontic tooth movement. Materials and Methods: Eighteen female cats were included in this study. Animals were randomly divided into three groups (estrous, anestrous, and ovariectomized groups), each having six queens. Estrous was induced by administration of 150 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) to queens of the estrous group. A closed-coil spring, applied with 80 g of tipping force to the canine, was attached between the maxillary canine and mini-implant. GCF was collected on days 0, 6, and 12 from each cat to examine PGE(2) and IL-1 beta during orthodontic tooth movement in cats. The PGE(2) and IL-1 beta levels were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: There was no significant difference (P > .05) between anestrous and the ovariectomized groups in terms of tooth movement on days 6 and 12 of distalization. In contrast, tooth movement in the estrous group was lower (P < .05) than in the remaining two groups (anestrous and ovariectomized). The mean PGE(2) and IL-1 beta levels of the canine teeth of the estrous groups were significantly lower than the remaining two groups on days 6 and 12 (P < .05) of coil spring applications. Conclusions: These results indicate that ovarian activity can affect orthodontic tooth movement and GCF levels of IL-1 beta and PGE(2) in cats. (Angle Orthod. 2013;83:70-75.)
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    Effects of silica coating and silane surface conditioning on the bond strength of rebonded metal and ceramic brackets
    (Univ Sao Paulo Fac Odontologia Bauru, 2011) Atsu, Saadet; Catalbas, Bulent; Gelgor, Ibrahim Erhan
    Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of tribochemical silica coating and silane surface conditioning on the bond strength of rebonded metal and ceramic brackets. Material and Methods: Twenty debonded metal and 20 debonded ceramic brackets were randomly assigned to receive one of the following surface treatments (n=10 for each group): (1) sandblasting (control); (2) tribochemical silica coating combined with silane. Brackets were rebonded to the enamel surface on the labial and lingual sides of premolars with a light-polymerized resin composite. All specimens were stored in distilled water for 1 week and then thermocycled (5,000 cycles) between 5-55 degrees C. Shear bond strength values were measured using a universal testing machine. Student's t-test was used to compare the data (alpha=0.05). Failure mode was assessed using a stereomicroscope, and the treated and non-treated bracket surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results: Rebonded ceramic brackets treated with silica coating followed by silanization had significantly greater bond strength values (17.7 +/- 4.4 MPa) than the sandblasting group (2.4 +/- 0.8 MPa, P<0.001). No significant difference was observed between the rebonded metal brackets treated with silica coating with silanization (15 +/- 3.9 MPa) and the sandblasted brackets (13.6 +/- 3.9 MPa). Treated rebonded ceramic specimens primarily exhibited cohesive failure in resin and adhesive failure at the enamel-adhesive interface. Conclusions: In comparison to sandblasting, silica coating with aluminum trioxide particles followed by silanization resulted in higher bond strengths of rebonded ceramic brackets.
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    Effects of thermocycling on the degree of cure of two lingual retainer composites
    (Japanese Soc Dental Materials Devices, 2010) Catalbas, Bulent; Uysal, Tancan; Nur, Metin; Demir, Abdullah; Gunduz, Beniz
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of thermocycling on the degree of cure (DC) and water sorption behavior of two lingual retainer composites. A total of 50 composite specimens, 5 mm diameter and 2 mm height, were prepared using Light Cure Retainer (R) (LCR) (Reliance) and Transbond Lingual Retainer (R) (TLR) (3M Unitek). After 40-second curing with a halogen light and after 24-hour water storage, the composite specimens were subjected to different thermocycling regimes. Absorbance peaks to monitor the DC were recorded using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, while water sorption was calculated in mu g/mm(3). On DC, significant differences among the different thermocycling regimes were observed only for the TLR specimens (p<0.05). On water sorption behavior, an increase in the number of thermal cycles resulted in increased water sorption for both composites, but the statistical differences in these groups were not significant. On the effect of thermocycling up to 20,000 cycles, present findings showed that LCR was less affected than TLR. Further, LCR exhibited higher DC and lower water sorption values than TLR after thermal cycling.
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    Effects of Transillumination Method on Bond Strenght of an Orthodontic Adhesive
    (Aves Press Ltd, 2007) Catalbas, Bulent; Gelgor, I. Erhan; Nur, Metin; Demir, Abdullah
    The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of transiluminasyon on the bond strength of orthodontic brackets. One hundred human maxillary premolars were used in this study. Brackets with orthodontic composite adhesive were placed on the labial surface of the premolars and light cured from either the labial and/or the lingual (transiluminasyon). The control sample was cured from the labial for a total of 40 seconds of light exposure. Experimental samples were cured from the buccal for 20 seconds, the lingual (transiluminasyon) for 20 or 40 seconds and both buccal and lingual for 40 seconds. The shear-peel bond strengths were tested at 24 hours after light application. The results of this study demonstrated statistically significant difference between 40 seconds of labial curing, the both buccal and lingual curing and the only lingually cured groups. Actual bond strengths were lower for only lingually cured samples but higher for the both buccal and lingual cued sles. The samples tested received 20 seconds of labially cured were nearly the same as the control values. This study demonstrated that transiluminasyon of maxillary premolars is not alone an acceptable method of cunng orthodontic adhesive. However, the bond strengths can be higher when the transiluminasyon is used in addition to the buccal curing particularly if the exposure time is inceased to 40 seconds.
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    Maxillary and mandibular mesiodistal tooth sizes among different malocclusions in a sample of the Turkish population
    (Oxford Univ Press, 2011) Malkoc, Siddik; Basciftci, Faruk Ayhan; Nur, Metin; Catalbas, Bulent
    The purpose of this study was to establish normative data for mesiodistal tooth crown dimensions with respect to malocclusions and gender differences in Turkish sample. The subjects were randomly selected and assigned to three malocclusion groups according to Angle's classification. Each group consisted of 100 individuals between the ages of 13 and 18 years with the following distribution: Class I, 42 males and 58 females; Class II, 52 males and 48 females; and Class III, 51 males and 49 females. An electronic digital calliper was used to measure the mesiodistal tooth width from the right second permanent molar to the left second permanent molar on both upper and lower study casts. For statistical evaluation, one-and two-way analyses of variance and post hoc Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) tests were performed. There were statistically significant differences for the maxillary canine (P < 0.001), first premolar (P < 0.05), second molar (P < 0.05), and mandibular canine (P < 0.01) for males, and for all maxillary teeth and the mandibular central (P < 0.05), canine (P < 0.001), and first premolar (P < 0.05) teeth in females among the malocclusion groups. When Angle's classification was evaluated, significant differences were determined, except for the first and second mandibular molars. All mesiodistal widths were also found to be statistically different according to gender dimorphism. A significant relationship was found between mesiodistal tooth size, Angle's classification, and gender. Therefore, tooth dimensions may play a crucial role in treatment planning and in achieving satisfactory interdigitation of the upper and lower dentition following the completion of orthodontic treatment.
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    The Relationship Between Malocclusion Perceptions of Patient and Clinician
    (Aves Press Ltd, 2012) Kamak, Hasan; Caglaroglu, Murat; Catalbas, Bulent; Tan, Enes
    Aim: To evaluate the Aesthetic Component (AC), which is part of Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (10TN) according to the patient and the clinician's point of view and to examine whether there is a difference between them in terms of awareness according to gender and pubertal situation. Subjects and Method: The study material of 700 patients (50 males,.50 females) with mean age 13.9 consisted of pre-treatment orthodontic models and hand-wrist films. AC images used in determination of the patient and clinician perceptions of malocclusion. Results: These 100 patients gave the same score with.32 clinicians, percentage of compliance of all patients was 32.0 % and there was no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) between clinician and patient's perceptions of malocclusion. Perceptions of malocclusion was also examined according to genders, there was no statistically significant difference between female and male patients, and clinician (p>0.05). Perceptions of malocclusion was also examined according to puberta, there was only no statistically significant difference between patients in pubertal period and clinician (p>0.0.5) but there was statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between patients with pre-and postpubertal period, and clinician. conclusion; Although there was not difference between perceptions of malocclusion of the genders, the patients in pubertal period were more objective, more aware of their malocclusions and dental aesthetics than the pre-and postpubertal patients So that, a greater number of this patients referred for orthodontic treatment.
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    Use of Class Fiber to Reinforce Ortohodontic Plates Against Mechanical Forces Ibrahim Erhan Gelgor
    (Aves Press Ltd, 2006) Gelgor, Ibrahim Erhan; Catalbas, Bulent
    This study investigated the different effects of quantitative percentages of glass fiber intensity on the transverse strength and maximum deformation of orthodontic acrylic resin. Forty specimens were formed in a specially designed mold to produce identical specimens in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Four different percentages of glass fiber reinforcements in loose random form were studied. Each glass fiber treatment percentage (0%, 1%, 2%, 5%) was related to the total powder/liquid mass. The results indicated that 2% glass fiber treatment enhanced the transverse strength of the tested specimen. Maximum deformation at failure in the tested treatment groups was found to be different. The interaction of glass fiber concentration on fracture strength and deformation was significant. In conclusion the 2% glass fiber concentration was found to yield optimum fracture strength and deformation results. Increased amount of glass fiber incorporation resulted in decreased mechanical properties of the resin.