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Öğe Dental student application of artificial intelligence technology in detecting proximal caries lesions(Wiley, 2024) Ayan, Enes; Bayraktar, Yusuf; Celik, Cigdem; Ayhan, BaturalpObjectives: This study aimed to investigate the caries diagnosis performances of dental students after training with an artificial intelligence (AI) application utilizing deep learning techniques, a type of artificial neural network.Methods: A total of 1200 bitewing radiographs were obtained from the institution's database and two specialist dentists labeled the caries lesions in the images. Randomly selected 1000 images were used for training purposes and the remaining 200 radiographs were used to evaluate the caries diagnostic performance of the AI. Then, a convolutional neural network, a deep learning algorithm commonly employed to analyze visual imagery problems, called You Only Look Once, was modified and trained to detect enamel and dentin caries lesions in the radiographs. Forty dental students were selected voluntarily and randomly divided into two groups. The pre-test results of dental caries diagnosis performances of both groups were recorded. After 1 week, group 2 students were trained using an AI application. Then, the post-test results of both groups were recorded. The labeling duration of the students was also measured and analyzed.Results: When both groups' pre-test and post-test results were evaluated, a statistically significant improvement was found for all parameters examined except precision score (p < 0.05). However, the trained group's accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1 scores were significantly higher than the non-trained group in terms of post-test scores (p < 0.05). In group 2 (trained group), the post-test labeling time was considerably increased (p < 0.05).Conclusions: The students trained by AI showed promising results in detecting caries lesions. The use of AI can also contribute to the clinical education of dental students.Öğe Effect of Er:YAG laser pulse duration on repair bond strength of resin-based and hybrid CAD/CAM restorative materials(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Bayraktar, Yusuf; Demirtag, Zulfikar; Celik, CigdemBesides the output power and pulse frequency, the pulse duration of Er:YAG laser is an important parameter for conditioning the restorative material surface. This study aimed to investigate the effect of six different pulse modes of Er:YAG laser on the repair bond strength of a hybrid ceramic and two resin-based CAD/CAM restorative materials. Twenty-eight specimens (5 x 5 x 4 mm) were prepared for each CAD/CAM block (Lava Ultimate-(LU), Vita Enamic-(VE), and GC Cerasmart-(GCC)) and randomly divided into seven groups. The specimens except the control group were irradiated using Er:YAG laser at 3 W and 20 Hz using quantum square pulse (QSP), super short pulse (SSP), short pulse (SP), medium short pulse (MSP), long pulse (LP), and a very long pulse (VLP). A micro-hybrid resin composite (Filtek Z250, 3 M ESPE, USA) was placed up to 4 mm on each CAD/CAM specimen in two increments. Bar specimens (1 x 1 x 8 mm) were obtained using a cutting device and thermocycled 10,000 times at 5-55 degrees C. Microtensile bond strength (mu TBS) test was performed at a 1 mm/min crosshead speed. Data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD tests (p < 0.05). mu TBS was significantly affected by both pulse duration and material type (p < 0.001). Pulse duration and material type showed a statistically significant interaction (p < 0.001). Except for QSP, shorter pulse modes resulted in a higher repair bond strength. VLP mode is not recommended to be used in repair procedures with the materials tested.Öğe Effect of Saliva Contamination on Microleakage of Open Sandwich Restorations(UNIV ZAGREB, SCH DENTAL MEDICINE, 2020) Celik, Cigdem; Bayraktar, Yusuf; Ozdemir, Behiye EsraObjectives: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the microleakage of conventional glass-ionomer, resin modified glass-ionomer and glass hybrid ionomer Class II open sandwich restorations with or without saliva contamination. Material and methods: Sixty extracted sound human molar teeth were used and 120 class II slot cavities were prepared in mesial and distal surfaces. The gingival margins were located 1 mm below the cementoenamel junction. All specimens were randomly divided in 4 groups (n=15): Group I: High-Viscous Glass Ionomer (Fuji IX GP) Group II: Resin Modified Glass Ionomer (Fuji II LC) Group III: Glass Hybrid Ionomer (Equia-fil Forte), Group IV: Composite Resin (G'aenial Posterior). In open sandwich restoration groups, glass ionomer materials were placed to gingival floor in 1 mm thickness and rest of the cavity was filled with resin composite. After the restorations in mesial surfaces had been performed, distal cavities were restored with the same protocol after saliva contamination. The specimens were thermo-cycled for 10000 cycles at 5 degrees C to 55 degrees C and immersed in methylene blue dye solution (% 0,5) for 24 hours. Then, they were sectioned vertically through the center of the restorations from mesial to distal surface with a water-cooled diamond saw with 1mm thickness. Subsequently, the dye penetration was evaluated with image analysis software. Data were statistically analyzed (p<0.05). Results: There was a statistically significant difference between gingival microleakage scores in no contamination groups, between high-viscous glass ionomer, Fuji IX GP and other materials tested (p<0.05). In saliva contaminated groups, there was no statistically significant difference between gingival microleakage scores (p>0.05). Additionally, there was not a statistically significant difference between the no contamination and saliva contaminated groups regardless of dental materials tested (p>0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, in open sandwich restorations, saliva contamination did not show an adverse effect on microleakage irrespective of dental materials tested. Glass hybrid ionomers and resin modified glass ionomers showed lower microleakage scores in gingival margins compared to high-viscous glass ionomer material in no contamination groups.Öğe The effect of Turkish dental practitioners' perceptions and experience of ICDAS II on caries treatment decisions(Kerman Univ Medical Sciences, 2022) Bahadir, Hasibe Sevilay; Celik, CigdemBackground: The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) was developed to integrate several criteria systems into one standard system for caries detection and assessment. The aim of this study was to identify Turkish dental practitioners' perceptions and experience about ICDAS II and assess how they could affect clinical decision-making. Methods: A web-based data collection form, including demographic characteristics, experience of caries detection systems, and two different clinical images with caries and treatment options, was given to Turkish dental practitioners. Data were analyzed with the chi-square test and logistic regression using SPSS 22.0 software (IBM, Chicago, IL) at a significance level of P< 0.05. Results: Data collection forms were completed by 382 general dental practitioners. For the first clinical scenario 70.7% of the practitioners decided that no treatment was required. For the second clinical scenario 89.5% of the practitioners decided to perform tooth restoration. Considering the clinical scenario 2 treatment options, while practitioners working in the public hospital marked amalgam restoration at a higher rate, practitioners working in private clinics marked composite resin restoration and root canal treatment at a higher rate (P < 0.05). With regard to effects on treatment choices for clinical scenarios, binary logistic regression analysis found no significant effects of gender, age, or institution (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The visual caries detection system, ICDAS II, was a useful tool in standardizing caries diagnostic skills for practitioners and improving decision-making abilities on caries treatment.
