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Öğe Probiotics, Live Biotherapeutic Products (LBPs), and Gut-Brain Axis Related Psychological Conditions: Implications for Research and Dietetics(Springer, 2023) Agagunduz, Duygu; Celik, Elif; Cemali, Ozge; Bingol, Feray Gencer; Ozenir, Ciler; Ozogul, Fatih; Capasso, RaffaeleIt is well-known that probiotics have key roles in the crosstalk between the gut and brain in terms of nutrition and health. However, when investigating their role in nutrition and health, it can be important to discriminate probiotics used as foods, food supplements, or drugs. For clarification of this terminology, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established a new live biotherapeutic products (LBP) category, expressing pharmaceutical expectations and to reduce confusion in the literature. Growing evidence advises that the community of microorganisms found in the gut microbiota is associated with psychological conditions. Hence, it is thought that LBPs may positively affect depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia by reducing inflammation, improving gut microbiota, and balancing gut neurometabolites. This review focuses on the specific position of probiotics as LBPs in psychological conditions. Condition-specific potential pathways and mechanisms of LBPs and the prominent strains are discussed in the light of novel studies for future research, dietetic and pharmaceutical applications.Öğe Recent developments in the probiotics as live biotherapeutic products (LBPs) as modulators of gut brain axis related neurological conditions(Bmc, 2022) Agagunduz, Duygu; Gencer Bingol, Feray; Celik, Elif; Cemali, Ozge; Ozenir, Ciler; Ozogul, Fatih; Capasso, RaffaeleProbiotics have been defined as living microorganisms that create health benefits in the host when taken in sufficient amounts. Recent developments in the understanding of the relationship between the microbiom and its host have shown evidence about the promising potential of probiotics to improve certain health problems. However, today, there are some confusions about traditional and new generation foods containing probiotics, naming and classifications of them in scientific studies and also their marketing. To clarify this confusion, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) declared that it has made a new category definition called live biotherapeutic products (LBPs). Accordingly, the FDA has designated LBPs as a biological product that: i)contains live organisms, such as bacteria; ii)is applicable to the prevention, treatment, or cure of a disease/condition of human beings; and iii) is not a vaccine. The accumulated literature focused on LBPs to determine effective strains in health and disease, and often focused on obesity, diabetes, and certain diseases like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).However, microbiome also play an important role in the pathogenesis of diseases that age day by day in the modern world via gut-brain axis. Herein, we discuss the novel roles of LBPs in some gut-brain axis related conditions in the light of recent studies. This article may be of interest to a broad readership including those interested in probiotics as LBPs, their health effects and safety, also gut-brain axis.Öğe The canonical Brucella species-host dependency is changing, however, the antibiotic susceptibility profiles remain unchanged(Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, 2023) Celik, Elif; Kayman, Tuba; Buyuk, Fatih; Saglam, Aliye Gulmez; Abay, Secil; Akar, Mustafa; Karakaya, EmreBrucellosis is a chronic disease caused by Brucella species with a wide range of hosts, from marine mammals to terrestrial species, but with strict host preferences. With the zoonotic character, the prevalence of human brucellosis cases is a reflection of animal infections. This study aimed to identify 192 Brucella isolates obtained from various sources by Bruce-ladder PCR and to determine their antibiotic susceptibilities by gradient diffusion method (E-test). As a result of the PCR, all human isolates (n = 57) were identified as B. melitensis. While 58 (82.9%) of the cattle isolates were identified as B. abortus, 59 (90.8%) of the sheep isolates were identified as B. melitensis. In addition, 12 (17.1%) of the cattle isolates and 6 (9.2%) of the sheep isolates were determined as B. melitensis and B. abortus, respectively. The primary host change behavior of B. melitensis was 1.9 times higher than that of B. abortus. While gentamicin and ciprofloxacin susceptibilities of Brucella isolates were 100%, tetracycline, doxycycline, streptomycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and rifampicin susceptibilities were 99%, 99%, 97.4%, 91.7% and 83.9%, respectively. The lowest sensitivity of the isolates was determined against to cefoperazone as 26%. A triple-drug resistance was detected in 1 B. abortus isolate that included simultaneous resistance to cefoperazone, rifampicin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The high susceptibility profiles we found against to antibiotics such as tetracycline, doxycycline gentamicin and ciprofloxacin, used widely in treatment, are encouraging. However, the change in the canonical Brucella species-primary host preference suggests the need to reconsider eradication program, including updating vaccine formulations.Öğe THE EFFECT OF CLUSTER TEACHING WITH WORKSHEETS ON STUDENTS' ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN DISTANCE EDUCATION(Anadolu Univ, 2022) Celik, Elif; Ozdemir Baki, Gulsah; Isik, AhmetThe aim of this study is to examine the effect of teaching with worksheets prepared for the 6th grade clusters in distance education on the academic achievement of students. The research was conducted with 39 students studying in a public secondary school in eastern Turkiye in the first semester of the 2020-2021 academic year. In the study, a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group was practiced to collect data. In the experimental group, the subject of cluster was taught with worksheets prepared in accordance with the constructivist teaching, and in the control group, with general teaching methods. After the practice, the Clusters Achievement Test was applied to the experimental and control group students as pre-test and post-test. The academic achievement of the experimental and control groups were compared and it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in favor of the experimental group. Data analyzes showed that the worksheets prepared for the subject of clusters in distance education increased the academic achievement of the students. At the end of the practice carried out within the scope of the study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 5 students in the experimental group who fully participated in the studies and activities. The findings obtained from the interviews showed that the students adopted the lessons taught with the worksheets. In addition, it was determined from the statements of the students that they were satisfied with the teaching of the lessons using worksheets in the distance education process, they participated more actively in the online lessons, and they made extra efforts in using materials and completing the activities.Öğe THE EFFECT OF CLUSTER TEACHING WITH WORKSHEETS ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN DISTANCE EDUCATION(Anadolu Universitesi, 2022) Celik, Elif; Baki, Gulsah Ozdemir; Isik, AhmetThe aim of this study is to examine the effect of teaching with worksheets prepared for the 6th grade clusters in distance education on the academic achievement of students. The research was conducted with 39 students studying in a public secondary school in eastern Turkiye in the first semester of the 2020-2021 academic year. In the study, a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group was practiced to collect data. In the experimental group, the subject of cluster was taught with worksheets prepared in accordance with the constructivist teaching, and in the control group, with general teaching methods. After the practice, the “Clusters Achievement Test” was applied to the experimental and control group students as pre-test and post-test. The academic achievement of the experimental and control groups were compared and it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in favor of the experimental group. Data analyzes showed that the worksheets prepared for the subject of clusters in distance education increased the academic achievement of the students. At the end of the practice carried out within the scope of the study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 5 students in the experimental group who fully participated in the studies and activities. The findings obtained from the interviews showed that the students adopted the lessons taught with the worksheets. In addition, it was determined from the statements of the students that they were satisfied with the teaching of the lessons using worksheets in the distance education process, they participated more actively in the online lessons, and they made extra efforts in using materials and completing the activities. © 2022. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education. All Rights Reserved.
