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    Growth-enabling modified Groper appliance for the replacement of permanent maxillary incisors: Report of two cases
    (AUSTRALIAN SOC ORTHODONTISTS INC, 2020) Arikan, Volkan; Ocal, Duygu; Akcay, Merve; Altug, Ayse Tuba; Ozer, Levent; Cesur, Emre
    The aim of this case report is to introduce a modified Groper appliance that enables transverse growth of the maxilla in addition to improving the aesthetics of patients with missing anterior teeth. Patient 1 was a 16-year-old young woman in the late stages of growth who presented with a congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor. Patient 2 was a nine-year-old girl missing both of her maxillary central incisors due to trauma. The missing teeth were replaced by artificial acrylic teeth bonded onto growth-enabling, maxillary, fixed palatal space maintainers. A tube was soldered onto one of the arch wires of the maintainer and the opposite arch wire was threaded into this tube, allowing it to slide until the patient completed growth. Intermolar width increased by approximately 1.9 mm in Patient 1 and 2.6 mm in Patient 2 over the three-year review period. The in-tube mechanical design of the device allowed transverse growth of the maxilla without interference during and throughout long-term wear.
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    Öğe
    Using artificial intelligence models to evaluate envisaged points initially: A pilot study
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2023) Amasya, Hakan; Aydogan, Turgay; Cesur, Emre; Kemaloglu Alagoz, Nazan; Ugurlu, Mehmet; Bayrakdar, Ibrahim Sevki; Orhan, Kaan
    The morphology of the finger bones in hand-wrist radiographs (HWRs) can be considered as a radiological skeletal maturity indicator, along with the other indicators. This study aims to validate the anatomical landmarks envisaged to be used for classification of the morphology of the phalanges, by developing classical neural network (NN) classifiers based on a sub-dataset of 136 HWRs. A web-based tool was developed and 22 anatomical landmarks were labeled on four region of interests (proximal (PP3), medial (MP3), distal (DP3) phalanges of the third and medial phalanx (MP5) of the fifth finger) and the epiphysis-diaphysis relationships were saved as narrow,'' equal,'' capping'' or fusion'' by three observers. In each region, 18 ratios and 15 angles were extracted using anatomical points. The data set is analyzed by developing two NN classifiers, without (NN-1) and with (NN-2) the 5-fold cross-validation. The performance of the models was evaluated with percentage of agreement, Cohen's (c kappa) and Weighted (w kappa) Kappa coefficients, precision, recall, F1-score and accuracy (statistically significance: p < 0.05). Method error was found to be in the range of ck: 0.7-1. Overall classification performance of the models was changed between 82.14% and 89.29%. On average, performance of the NN-1 and NN-2 models were found to be 85.71% and 85.52%, respectively. The ck and wk of the NN-1 model were changed between 20.08 (p > 0.05) and 0.91 among regions. The average performance was found to be promising except the regions without adequate samples and the anatomical points are validated to be used in the future studies, initially.