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    Determination of fleece qualities of malya sheep (11/16 Akkaraman X 5/16 Deutsches Merinofleischschaf) and effect of age and sex on these qualities
    (Univ Agriculture, Fac Veterinary Science, 2015) Cilek, Suleyman
    This study was carried out to investigate fleece qualities of Malya ewes and rams and effect of age (14 months age, 26 months age, 38 months age, 50 months age and 62 months age and older) and sex (ewe and ram) on fleece traits. The data were collected from 100 head ewes and 50 head rams raised at Malya State farm and were analyzed by using least squares method. The least squares means was calculated for greasy fleece weight (2.90 +/- 0.08 kg), clean wool percentage (50.05 +/- 0.69%), tenacity (18.72 +/- 0.52 Cn/Tex), fiber elasticity (31.17 +/- 0.43%), fiber diameter (26.66 +/- 0.19 mu m), staple length (H) (31.88 +/- 0.46 mm), and staple length (B) (47.67 +/- 0.72 mm), medullated fiber rate (23.52 +/- 0.73%), comfort factor (78.04 +/- 1.14%), and opacity (75.67 +/- 0.11%). Effect of age on all fleece traits was significant (P<0.001-P<0.05) except for fiber elasticity. Effect of sex on all fleece traits was significant (P<0.001-P<0.05) except for fiber diameter, tenacity and comfort factor. It can be generally concluded that younger and rams have higher fleece yield and fleece quality than older and ewes and fleece quality of Malya sheep was between textile and carpet industry and is closely similar to textile type wool.
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    Effective factors on survival rate of Malya lambs (11/16 Akkaraman x 5/16 Deutsches Merinofleischschaf)
    (Indian Counc Agricultural Res, 2015) Cilek, Suleyman
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    Effects of age and sex on some body measurements and body weight in Malya sheep
    (Indian Counc Agricultural Res, 2015) Cilek, Suleyman
    This experimental research was carried out to determinate effects of age and sex on body weight and some body measurements of Malya sheep (11/16 Akkaraman x 5/16 Deutsches Merinofleischschaf). Body measurements, wither height, rump height, back height, rump length, rump width, front cannon bone circumference, body length, chest circumference, chest depth, chest length, chest width, tail length, tail-tarsal joint distance, and tail width were recorded. This is the first study on body measurements of Malya breed sheep and rams. General linear model was used in Minitab program to investigate effects of age and sex on these traits. Duncan multiple range test was used for multiple comparisons in important subgroups. The least square means of body weight of male and female at 1-year-old, 2-year-old, 3-year-old, 4-year-old and 5 years and older were estimated. Effect of age and sex on all body measurements were significant except for effect of age on back height.
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    Effects of Dam Age, Lamb Gender, and Singleton or Twin Status on Body Size of Malya Lambs in Middle Anatolia, Turkey
    (Kyushu Univ, Faculty Agricultural Publications, 2014) Cilek, Suleyman; Gotoh, Takafmni
    The effects of dam age, lamb gender, and singleton or twin status on lamb body size and growth were investigated in Malya lambs in Middle Anatolia, Turkey. Data were obtained from 302 lambs from an elite Malya sheep flock. Wither height, body length, rump height, rump length, back height, rump width, and front cam-ion bone circumference were recorded. The least square means method was used to determine factors that significantly affected body size of the lambs. General linear model in Minitab packet program was used to test the effects of variables on body size measurements. Least square means for wither height at birth and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9 and 12 months of age were 40.13, 48.09, 55.07, 60.16, 64.99, 70.23, 74.45 and 76.66 cm, respectively. Dam age did not significantly affect body size parameters during the first year of life, except for rump height and front cannon bone circumference. Male lambs were significantly larger between birth and 12 months of age than females (P<0.05). Singleton lambs were significantly larger than twins until 6 months of age (P<0.05), but this effect was not significant after 6 months of age. It is suggested that there might be compensatory growth in twin lambs after weaning. In particular, twins born from 2-year-old dams show strong compensatory growth post-weaning. If farmers are able to ensure twin lamb survival until weaning age, they can expect compensatory growth after 9 months of age.
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    Estimates of Genetic Trends for 305-Days Milk Yield in Holstein Friesian Cattle
    (Medwell Online, 2009) Bakir, Galip; Kaygisiz, Ali; Cilek, Suleyman
    The purpose of this study was to estimate the trends components of 305-days milk yield in Holstein Friesian Cattle Holstein cows raised at the Ceylanpinar state farm in Turkey between 1986 and 2007 years. The phenotypic, genetic and environmental trends for 305-days milk yield were found to be 106.91, 13.42 and 93.49 kg year(-1), respectively. Despite, there was a correct decision in selection environmental factors affected yield more. In this respect, continuing the improving environmental factors which is composed of maintenance, feeding, milking practices and barn is recommended.
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    Preliminary study on heavy metal concentrations of Anatolian Khramulya, Capoeta tinca (Heckel, 1843) from Camligoze Dam Lake, Sivas, Turkey
    (Bmc, 2013) Dirican, Seher; Cilek, Suleyman; Ciftci, Hakan; Biyikoglu, Mutluhan; Karacinar, Servet; Yokus, Ahmet
    The concentrations of heavy metals (Ag, Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) were analyzed in muscle, skin and liver of Anatolian Khramulya, Capoeta tinca (Heckel, 1843) from Camligoze Dam Lake located at Central Anatolian region of Turkey. The heavy metal analysis of samples was carried out by using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Ag, Cd, Co, Pb and Zn were found in all of the examined tissues. Cu and Ni were not determined in all tissues studied. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in all of the examined tissues of Capoeta tinca were as follows: Ag: 0.057 +/- 0.038-0.120 +/- 0.051, Cd: 0.020 +/- 0.004-1.451 +/- 0.879, Co: 0.127 +/- 0.067-0.205 +/- 0.086, Pb: 1.939 +/- 0.477-2.604 +/- 0.393 and Zn: 0.056 +/- 0.014 0.530 +/- 0.129 mu g/g in Camligoze Dam Lake. According to international criterias and Turkish regulation, heavy metal concentrations especially Cd and Pb in Camligoze Dam Lake were found above the permissible levels for examined tissues of Capoeta tinca. Furthermore, frequent consumption of contaminated fish is able to offer a serious public health risk. Therefore, the concentrations of metals accumulated in the fish, which are commonly consumed by public, should be monitored periodically in Camligoze Dam Lake.
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    Some Morphological Characteristics of Kangal Shepherd Dogs (Karabas) Raised at Villages by Farmers in Kirikkale Province
    (Academic Journals Inc, 2012) Cilek, Suleyman; Kayak, Gokhan
    This study was carried out to determine some morphological characteristics of Kangal (Karabash) dogs raised by private breeders and in civil farms in countryside. Data were collected from Kirikkale province in Middle Anatolia region of Turkey. Total 50 Kangal dogs, 38 male and 12 female were examined. Data were analyzed for sex and age groups. The Duncan test was used for detecting different among groups. This study is the first study about Kangal dogs bred by shepherds at villages and rural areas. Means of the Wither Height (WH), Chest Circumference (CC), the Rump Height (RH), the Rump Length (RL), the Rump Width (RW), Body Length (BL), Chest Depth (CD), Chest Length (CL), the Front Wrist Circumference (FWC), Head Legth (HL), Head Circumference (HC), the Ear Length (EL), Distance Between Ears (DBE), Breadth of Front Chest (BFC), Body Weight (BW), Body Index (the proportion of body length and wither height) (BI), Bone Index (BI2) for Kangal (Karabash) dogs were found 75.91 +/- 0.97, 86.12 +/- 1.53, 75.92 +/- 0.99, 21.85 +/- 0.75, 19.44 +/- 0.69, 74.77 +/- 0.93, 37.62 +/- 0.81, 34.43 +/- 0.82, 16.57 +/- 0.40, 29.09 +/- 0.47, 58.14 +/- 0.96, 14.32 +/- 0.42, 19.04 +/- 0.52 and 22.41 +/- 0.73 cm, 50.77 +/- 2.05 kg, 1.20 +/- 0.03, and 0.22 +/- 0.01. Effects of sex of dog on WH, RH and HC were statistically significant (p<0.001-p<0.01), effect on sex of dog on BW and CC were statistically significant (p<0.05). There are significant differences between male and female Kangal dogs for the live weight and somebody measurements. Effect of age of dogs on BI was only statistically significant (p<0.005). In conclusion, it can be said that body measurements and body weigh of Kangal dogs reared at Kirikkale province was generally slightly higher than other regions of Turkey.