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Öğe Effects of dietary boric acid and borax supplementation on growth performance and some biochemical parameters in broilers(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2012) Eren, M.; Uyanik, F.; Guclu, B. Kocaoglu; Cinar, M.This study was performed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with 2 boron compounds, boric acid and borax, on growth performance and some biochemical parameters in broilers. A total of 216 one day old broiler chickens were randomly assigned to 9 equal groups fed with commercial diets supplemented with 0 (control group) and 10, 50, 100, 250 mg/kg of diet B from either boric acid (BA) or sodium tetraborate decahydrate (borax. BX) for 42 days. Body weights and weight gains, food consumption and food efficiency were weekly recorded and on day 42, serum AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, CK activities and glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL-cholesterol, total protein, albumin, globulin, creatinine, Ca. P and Mg concentrations were determined. Boron supplementation has not significantly affected growth although food efficiency was negatively altered with 250 mg/kg borax. Decreases in AST, ALT and CK activities as well as in Ca, Mg, P (insignificantly), triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol concentrations coupled to an increase in HDL-cholesterol concentrations were observed particularly in borax treated birds whereas glycaemia was markedly depressed in 50, 100 and 250 mg/kg boric acid treated chickens. These results indicate that boron mainly as borax form may act on general metabolisms, electrolyte balance and lipid profiles but further studies are needed to identify with accuracy boron metabolic actions.Öğe The effects of levamisole on oxidative stress induced by copper intoxication in broilers(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2012) Yigit, A. A.; Cinar, M.; Yildirim, E.AIM: To determine the effects of Cu and levamisole on concentrations of Cu and Fe in plasma and liver, and the effects of levamisole on lipid peroxidation induced by Cu intoxication in broiler chickens. METHODS: In a 2x4 factorial study, 80 one-day-old Ross PM3 broiler chicks were fed diets for 21 days containing either 8 mg/kg Cu (Low Cu) or 250 mg/kg Cu (High Cu) and were treated with 0 (L0), 4 (L4), 8 (L8) or 16 (L16) mg/kg bodyweight levamisole per day from Day 7 of the study, on three consecutive days in their drinking water. This treatment was repeated three times, at 3-day intervals. On Day 21, blood samples were collected from each bird for analysis of concentrations of Cu, Fe and malondialdehyde, and activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). The birds were killed and liver samples collected for analysis of Cu and Fe. RESULTS: Mean concentrations of Cu and Fe in plasma, and Cu in liver, were increased overall in the High Cu groups compared with the Low Cu groups (p<0.001). Compared with the L0 treatment group on the High Cu diet, treatments L4, L8 and L16 decreased concentrations of Cu in plasma, and L8 and L16 increased concentration of Cu in liver (p<0.05). Mean activities of AST and ALT were increased in untreated birds (L0) fed the High compared with Low Cu diets (p<0.01). In birds receiving the High Cu diet, treatments L4 and L8 decreased activities of AST, and L4 and L16 decreased activity of ALT, compared with L0 (p<0.05). The High Cu diet induced an oxidative stress characterised by increased mean concentrations of malondialdehyde and decreased activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and GSH-Px (p<0.001). Concentration of malondialdehyde, and activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were not changed following levamisole treatment in birds on the High Cu diet, and activity of GSH-Px was decreased by the L4 and L8 treatments compared with the L0 group. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The results of the study suggest that treatment with levamisole might alleviate the harmful effects of Cu on the liver, as demonstrated by decreased activities of AST and ALT induced by a diet containing 250 mg/kg Cu.Öğe The effects of magnesium sulphate on the contractile activity of uterus in an animal model of preeclampsia(7847050 Canada Inc, 2014) Yildirim, E.; Macun, H. C.; Cinar, M.; Yigit, A. A.; Ustuner, I.; Aydos, T. R.; Aktuna, Z.Purpose: This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) on the contractile activity of the uterus in a pregnant rat model of preeclampsia induced by N-nitro-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight, 160220 gram, three to four month old female Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. After conception was confirmed by vaginal smears on the first day of pregnancy, the animals were allocated into four groups according to the chemicals fed in their drinking water as control (nothing administered), L-NAME (50 mg/kg L-NAME), MgSO4 (600 mg/kg MgSO4), and MgSO4 + L-NAME group (600 mg/kg MgSO4 + 50 mg/kg L-NAME). The pregnant uterus strips were isolated on the 19th day and the contractile activity of uterus was examined by applying 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 2.5 mIU/mloxytocin to each group and responses are recorded accordingly. Results: There were no statistically significant differences regarding fetal parameters and peak amplitudes of the oxytocin stimulated pregnant rat myometrial strips among groups. In L-NAME group at 0 and 0.1 mIU/ml oxytocin, the contraction frequency in a ten-min period was statistically lower than the control group (Z = -2.850, p = 0.004; Z = -2.902, p = 0.004, respectively). In MgSO4 group only at 0 mIU/ml oxytocin, the frequencies of the contractions in ten-min period were statistically lower than the control group (Z = -2.973,p = 0.003). In L-NAME + MgSO4 group at 0, 0.1 and 0.2 mIU/ml oxytocin concentrations the frequencies of the contractions in ten-min period were statistically lower than the control group (Z = -4.018, p = 0.000; Z= -3.23'7,p = 0.001; Z= -2.902, p = 0.004, respectively). In L-NAME + MgSO4 given group at each oxytocin concentrations, the frequencies of the contractions in ten-min period were lower but not statistically different than the L-NAME group. Conclusion: MgSO4 has no significant effect on the amplitude of spontaneous or oxytocin induced myometrial contractions, but decreased the frequency of spontaneous contractions. At each doses of oxytocin, MgSO4 has no significant effect on the frequency of contraction in a pregnant rat model of preeclampsia induced by L-NAME.Öğe Effects of Meloxicam on oxidative deterioration due to exercise in horses(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2011) Gunes, V.; Cinar, M.; Onmaz, A. C.; Atalan, G.; Yavuz, U.In this study, the effects of meloxicam, a not steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), on the oxidative status were evaluated in exercised horses. Sixteen healthy horses were normally trained for 2 hours and immediately after, the half of them were intravenously injected by a single dose of meloxicam (0.6 mg/kg) whereas the 8 others were treated with NaCl 0.9% in the same way. Physical parameters (rectal temperature, heart and respiratory frequencies) and eventual inflammatory clinical signs, venous blood gas, serum biochemical markers such as glucose and protein concentrations, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were investigated before (-2 hours), immediately after the exercise and 1, 3, 5 and 7 hours after. Immediately after the exercise which has induced a transient CO2 accumulation coupled to a high and prolonged O-2 consumption, the physical parameters, the serum AST activities and the plasma MDA concentrations significantly increased whereas the plasma SOD activities were greatly reduced. Compared to the control horses, the meloxicam treated horses exhibited a more rapid clinical recovery associated to a more efficient CO2 elimination and tissue O-2 delivery, less prolonged AST variations and marked increases in the SOD activities in the post-exercise period. These results demonstrate that a strenuous exercise induced an oxidative stress in horses and that meloxicam affects the oxidative status by strengthening the SOD activity.Öğe Effects of yeast glucomannan on performance, some biochemical parameters and pathological changes in experimental aflatoxicosis in broiler chickens(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2011) Yildirim, E.; Yalcinkaya, I.; Kanbur, M.; Cinar, M.; Oruc, E.The study aims to investigate the effects of yeast glucomannan (GM) (Mycosorb (R), Altech) on performance, biochemical parameters and organ pathology in experimental aflatoxicosis in broiler chickens. A total of 120 one day old broiler chickens were assigned to 4 equal groups according to the dietary treatments: whereas the control birds (group C) received the basal diet, those from the group GM were only supplemented with 0.75 g/kg GM, those from the AF group were orally contaminated with 2 mg/kg total aflatoxins and those from the GM + AF group were exposed to aflatoxins and supplemented with GM for 21 days. Growth performance (body weights, weight gains). feed intake and feed efficiency were weekly assessed on all birds and at the end of the experiment, plasma biochemical parameters, visceral organ masses and conventional histopathology of liver and kidney were determined in 9 birds from each experimental group. The dietary aflatoxin contamination has significantly altered the growth performance (significant decreases in the final weight and in weight gains for the 3(rd) week and for the whole period), the feed intake mainly in the last week and the food efficiency, induced severe degenerative and necrotic lesions coupled to fibrosis in liver and kidney leading to significant changes in total plasma protein, total cholesterol, urea, creatinine and calcium concentrations, as well as in the AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and GGT (earnmaglutamyl transferase) activities. Nevertheless, the weight gains and feed efficiency were partially restored and the uraemia, the creatininemia and the plasma AST activity were significantly improved when aflatoxin contaminated birds were supplemented with GM despite the presence of liver and kidney damage similar to those observed in the AF group. These results demonstrate that a short duration (21 days) period is sufficient for inducing aflatoxicosis in broilers and that the yeast glucomannan supplementation at the dose of 0.75 g/kg may partially alleviated the deleterious effects but was insufficient for preventing tissue damage.Öğe Oxidative stress in horses after a 12-hours transport period(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2011) Onmaz, A. C.; Van den Hoven, R.; Gunes, V.; Cinar, M.; Kucuk, O.The purpose of this study was to evaluate some oxidative stress indicators of horses exposed to transport stress. The study was carried out on 10 healthy mixed breed adult horses, transported by road on 538 km. Physical (rectal temperature, respiratory and heart rates), haematological, biochemical and oxidative stress (Malonedialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) parameters were determined before and after transportation. The transportation has induced significant (P < 0.05) increases in respiratory and heart rates, in haematocrit and in glycaemia, the other clinical, haematological and biochemical parameters remaining unchanged. The occurrence of an oxidative stress induced by a 12 hour transport period was evidenced by a marked and significant increase of the plasma MDA concentrations coupled to a significant reduction in the plasma SOD activity compared to baseline values. In conclusion, the long-distance transport has negatively affected the oxidant/antioxidant status in horses.Öğe Periostin normalizes levels of cardiac markers in rats with experimental isoproterenol cardiotoxicity(Comenius Univ, 2017) Devrim, A. K.; Sozmen, M.; Devrim, T.; Sudagidan, M.; Cinar, M.; Kabak, Y. B.BACKGROUND: Although the molecular mechanism of cardiac healing is not fully understood, myocardial infarction is one of the most usual diagnoses in hospitalized patients in industrialized nations while periostin has been recently suggested to have a potential in tissue repairing following myocardial ischemia. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of periostin on the levels of selected cardiac parameters (cardiac troponin I and T, creatine kinase and creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB), antioxidant/lipid peroxidation parameters (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and malondialdehyde), hepatic parameters (alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate and alanine transaminases) as well as lipids (total cholesterol, triglyceride, high, low and very-low-density lipoproteins) in a rat model of isoproterenol - induced myocardial injury. METHODS: A total of 84 male rats were grouped into saline (Group I), periostin (Group II), isoproterenol (Group III) and isoproterenol+periostin (Group IV) groups (n = 21). Isoproterenol (85 mg/kg/day) and periostin groups were both injected intraperitoneally (1 mu g/kg). RESULTS: Our results revealed that periostin has a positive reducing effect on the levels of analysed parameters especially on cardiac troponins and creatine kinases on days 7 and 28 of the recovery period following the induced experimental heart damage in rats. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that periostin could have a potential to increase the rate of myocardial recovery after myocardial infarction (Tab. 5, Ref. 28). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.Öğe Prevalence of Clinical Dermatophytosis and Oxidative Stress in Cattle(Medwell Online, 2010) Yildirim, M.; Cinar, M.; Ocal, N.; Yagci, B. B.; Askar, S.In this study, skin scrapings and hair samples were collected from 50 cattle with clinically suspected of dermatophytosis in the province of Kirikkale, Turkey. Moreover, blood samples were collected from 10 clinically healthy cattle and 37 cattle with clinically suspected of dermatophytosis to investigate the influence of dermatophytosis on some biochemical profiles, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system. The collected samples were directly examined for fungal elements by direct microscopy. The isolation was made from clinically diagnosed about 50 cattles belonging to Dermatophytosis by 22 (44%). The distribution of isolates was Trichophyton verrucosum 19/50 (38%), Trichophyton mentagrophytes 3/50 (6%), respectively. The influence of dermatophytosis on plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA), total protein, albumin, uric acid levels, vitamin A and beta-carotene, vitamin C levels on serum Cu, Zn and Fe elements, in the erythrocyte Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity was investigated. There was no significant difference between the control and dermatophitic groups for total protein, albumin, vitamin A and C values. However, plasma MDA, erytrocyte CAT (p<0.05) levels and SOD (p<0.01) enzyme activity and plasma beta-carotene, uric acid and serum Zn, Cu (p<0.05), Fe (p<0.01) levels in dermatophitic cattles were statistically lower than those of control group. The result of the study revealed that cattle dermatophytosis is highly prevalent in the Central of Anatolia, Kirikkale province. In addition, the effects of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system have been determined during the pathogenesis of disease.Öğe The effect of dietary garlic (Allium sativum), black cumin (nigella sativa) and their combination on performance, intestine morphometry, serum biochemistry and antioxidant status of broiler chickens(Fundacao APINCO de Ciencia e Tecnologia Avicolas, 2020) Aydogan, I.; Yildirim, Ebru; Kurum, A.; Bolat, D.; Cinar, M.; Basalan, M.; Yigit, A.This study was conducted to examine the effects of garlic (G), black cumin (BC) and G+BC within the broiler rations, on performance, relative organ weights, intestinal morphology, serum biochemistry and plasma total oxidant/ antioxidant status. Two hundred broilers chicks (Ross 308) were used and they were divided into 4 groups consisting of 5 subgroups of 10 animals each. The trial was ended on the 35th day. No addition was made to the control group ration. 5g / kg garlic (G), 5g / kg black cumin (BC) and 5g / kg G + 5g / kg BC were added to the experimental group rations, respectively. There was no statistical difference among the trial groups in terms of BWG, FI, FCR and relative organ weights (p>0.05). Serum total protein (p<0.05) and albumin (p<0.001) levels were higher in BC and BC +G groups as compared to G and control group. Serum AST activity were lower in G group as compared to control and other experimental groups (p<0.05). On histological examinations, regarding the duodenal epithelium; there was no difference among the trial groups. Hyperemia was observed, especially in the G group, in macroscopic exams of lamina propria and other viticular areas. The lymph follicles were more wide spread in the G + BC, G and BC groups than in the control. The results of the study showed that the combination of BC and G can have beneficial effects, and different doses of G and BC may be used to see positive or negative effects. © 2020, Fundacao APINCO de Ciencia e Tecnologia Avicolas. All rights reserved.Öğe The Effect of Dietary Garlic (Allium Sativum), Black Cumin (Nigella Sativa) and Their Combination on Performance, Intestine Morphometry, Serum Biochemistry and Antioxidant Status of Broiler Chickens(Facta-Fundacio Arnco Ciencia Tecnologia Avicolas, 2020) Aydogan, I; Yildirim, E.; Kurum, A.; Bolat, D.; Cinar, M.; Basalan, M.; Yigit, A.This study was conducted to examine the effects of garlic (G), black cumin (BC) and G+BC within the broiler rations, on performance, relative organ weights, intestinal morphology, serum biochemistry and plasma total oxidant/ antioxidant status. Two hundred broilers chicks (Ross 308) were used and they were divided into 4 groups consisting of 5 subgroups of 10 animals each. The trial was ended on the 35th day. No addition was made to the control group ration. 5g / kg garlic (G), 5g / kg black cumin (BC) and 5g / kg G + 5g / kg BC were added to the experimental group rations, respectively. There was no statistical difference among the trial groups in terms of BWG, FI, FCR and relative organ weights (p>0.05). Serum total protein (p<0.05) and albumin (p<0.001) levels were higher in BC and BC +G groups as compared to G and control group. Serum AST activity were lower in G group as compared to control and other experimental groups (p<0.05). On histological examinations, regarding the duodenal epithelium; there was no difference among the trial groups. Hyperemia was observed, especially in the G group, in macroscopic exams of lamina propria and other viticular areas. The lymph follicles were more wide spread in the G + BC, G and BC groups than in the control. The results of the study showed that the combination of BC and G can have beneficial effects, and different doses of G and BC may be used to see positive or negative effects.Öğe Total oxidant and antioxidant activities in milk with various somatic cell count intervals during discrete cow and buffalo lactation periods(Wiley, 2019) Yigit, A. A.; Cinar, M.; Macun, H. C.; Ozenc, E.; Kabakci, R.; Yazici, E.; Kalender, H.[Abstract No tAvailable]Öğe Total oxidant and antioxidant activities in milk with various somatic cell count intervals during discrete cow and buffalo lactation periods(Indian Dairy Assoc, 2018) Yigit, A. A.; Cinar, M.; Macun, H. C.; Ozenc, E.; Kabakci, R.; Yazici, E.; Salar, S.This study first investigated the total oxidant and antioxidant capacity (TOC and TAC, respectively) in cow and buffalo milk, with various somatic cell count (SCC) levels, having the same lactation numbers(LN). Second, it determined whether there is an association between the TAC and TOC and the lactation number, for the same SCC level. Quarter milk samples, collected from Holstein cows and Anatolian buffaloes, were separated into SCC levels of <= 2x10(5), 2x10(5)-5x10(5), 5x10(5)-1x10(6) and >= 1x10(6) cells mL(-1) for cow milk, and <= 2x10(5), 2x10(5)-4x10(5), 4x10(5)-1x10(6) and >= 1x10(6) cells mL(-1), for buffalo milk. Next, each group was subdivided, according to the lactation number (cows: 1-2nd, 3-4th, 5-6th, buffaloes: 1-4th, 5-8th, 9-12th), and TOC and TAC of the milk were measured. For the same lactation numbers, TOC increased in the cow and buffalo groups with an SCCV >= 1x10(6) cells mL(-1) (p< 0.05). Conversely, TAC decreased in cow milk with an SCC > 5x10(5)cells mL(-1). In buffalo milk, TAC decreased in parallel with the increased SCC. Among the same SCC groups, TOC and TAC were not affected by the lactation number, in cow and buffalo milk. An increased SCC caused an increased TOC and decreased TAC level, for the same lactation number. No relation existed among TOC, TAC and lactation number, for the same SCC level. SCC may be used as an indicator of TOC and TAC in cow and buffalo milk.
