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Öğe Bulanık PID kontrolör ile rüzgâr türbininin hatve açısının kontrolü(Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, 2013) Civelek, Zafer; Lüy, MuratBu çalışmada, bir rüzgâr türbininin kanat hatve açı kontrolörünün PID katsayılarının bulanık mantık algoritması ile ayarlanması üzerine bir inceleme yapılmıştır. Klasik PI, bulanık kontrol ve bulanık PID kontrol olmak üzere üç ayrı kontrol yöntemi kullanılarak, yüksek rüzgâr hızlarında sistemin zarar görmemesi ve nominal çıkış gücünün korunması amaçlanmıştır. Matlab/Simulink programı ile kontrolörlerin simülasyonu yapılarak, değişik rüzgâr hızlarında rüzgâr türbini kanat hatve açısının kontrolü ve çıkış gücünün ayar noktasında sabit tutulması hedeflenmiştir. Simülasyon sonuçlarından elde edilen çıkış gücünün kararlı hale gelme zamanı ve kararlı hâl hataları değerlendirilerek, kontrol sistemlerinin performansları ölçülmüş ve birbirleriyle karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırmalar sonucunda bulanık PID kontrolörün, PI ve Bulanık Kontrolörlere göre daha iyi performans sergilediği görülmüştür. Anahtar Kelimeler: Bulanık PID, klasik PI, bulanık kontrol, rüzgâr türbini, hatve açısıÖğe Collective Blade Pitch Angle Control with PID and Fuzzy Logic Controller(Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, 2022) Lüy, Murat; Metin, Nuri Alper; Civelek, ZaferGenerators for wind turbines with variable speeds are more potent than those with set speeds. However, the variable speed machine's voltage and frequency shift as a result of erratic wind speed. A proper control method raises the power's quality. The dynamic properties of the combined wind generator system must be researched in order to regulate the fluctuating wind generator output when it is employed in the system. More dynamic performance can be achieved by designing better controllers. Pitch angle control was carried out in this study's wind turbine design using the MATLAB/Simulink environment Pitch angle control is accomplished using PID and a fuzzy logic controller (FLC). The simulation research looked at these control techniques, the amount of oscillation in the reference power value, the duration to achieve the reference value, and the variations in blade pitch angle.Öğe Control of Pitch Angle of Wind Turbine by Fuzzy Pid Controller(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2016) Civelek, Zafer; Luy, Murat; Cam, Ertugrul; Barisci, NecaattinThis article presents a study on set of PID parameters of blade pitch angle controller of wind turbine with fuzzy logic algorithm. Three individual control methods were used to control the wind turbine pitch angle. These control methods are conventional PI, fuzzy and fuzzy PID. With the use of these control methods, the system was protected from possible harms in high wind speed region and maintained changing of nominal output power. It was aimed to the control the wind turbine blade pitch angle in different wind speeds and to hold the output power stable in the set point by simulation of controllers with Matlab/Simulink Software. By evaluating the steady state time of output power received from the simulation results and steady state errors, the performances of the control systems have been measured and compared with one another. As a result of these simulation comparisons, it is clear that fuzzy PID controller performed better than PI and Fuzzy Controller.Öğe Fuzzy Logic Controller for Energy Saving in Commercial Building LED Lighting Systems(Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, 2021) Doğru, Ayşe; Koymat, Nazlı; Civelek, ZaferElectric lighting is one of the main factors consuming energy in commercial buildings. Use of sunlight has become crucial for indoor lighting to save energy. So, it is necessary to use control algorithms in order to meet indoor lighting conditions and keep them at a certain level using sunlight. Energy saving by sunlight contribution has raised specialists’ interest in this field. By the application of lighting control system there will be decline in annual energy consumption. And this will help to increase the efficiency and satisfaction of employees by using artificial light and sunlight. In this study, a fuzzy-logic controller was designed using sunlight and regarding lighting comfort. Motion sensors were installed in tables in an office room created in a simulation environment. Lighting system sets itself automatically detecting the movement of users and also lets them to choose the lighting level for their lighting comfort. Result of the simulation shows that using comfort lighting saves much energy compared to uncontrolled lighting.Öğe Individual pitch control on wind turbines with permanent magnet synchronous generator for reduction of mechanical load and stability of output power(Pamukkale Univ, 2017) Luy, Murat; Civelek, Zafer; Cam, ErtugrulIn this article, increasing output power quality of wind turbines and decreasing mechanical loads on turbines was studied. By adjusting the blade pitch angle on nominal wind speed, output power of wind turbine kept on nominal value. Beside, by individual pitch angle control, mechanic al loads on wind turbine vas decreased, Wind turbine in which permanent magnet synchronous generator is used, modeled in matlah/simulink. Simulation results show that by individual pitch angle control both output power quality of wind turbine assured and balanced periodical loads on wind turbine reduced,Öğe Kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron jeneratörlü rüzgâr türbinlerinde bireysel hatve açısı kontrolü ile çıkış gücü kararlılığı ve mekanik yüklerin azaltılması(2017) Lüy, Murat; Civelek, Zafer; Cam, ErtuğrulBu makalede rüzgâr türbinlerinin çıkış gücü kalitesinin arttırılması ve türbin üzerindeki mekanik yüklerin hafifletilmesi üzerine bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Nominal rüzgâr hızlarının üzerinde kanat hatve açısı ayarlanarak rüzgâr türbininin çıkış gücü nominal değerde tutulmuştur. Ayrıca bireysel hatve açısı kontrolü ile de rüzgâr türbini üzerindeki mekanik yükler azaltılmıştır. Kalıcı mıknatıslı senkron jeneratör modellenmiştir. Simülasyon sonuçları, bireysel hatve açısı kontrolü ile rüzgâr türbininin hem çıkış gücü kalitesinin sağlandığını hem de rüzgâr türbini üzerindeki dengeli periyodik yüklerin azaltıldığını göstermiştirÖğe Maximum Power Point Tracking with Incremental Conductance and Fuzzy Logic Controller in Solar Energy Systems(TUBITAK, 2024) Lüy, Murat; Metin, Nuri Alper; Civelek, ZaferEnergy benefits both individuals and nations. Humanity’s reliance on fossil fuels and inability to respond increases depletion. Energy supplies are rapidly decreasing. Electricity use causes the energy crisis. Sustainable energy essentially meets the energy demand of the growing population. In addition, it benefits the environment by reducing carbon emissions. In this situation, sustainable energy sources have supplemented traditional energy sources and promoted sustainable energy use. Solar, wind, and fuel cell energy are examples of sustainable energy. Power-generating facilities are employed nowadays because of their extended lifespan, inexpensive maintenance, no hazardous waste, and independence from dwindling energy sources. Solar power generation depends on environmental circumstances; hence MPP generation must be observed. MPPT follows the solar panel’s highest MPP. This study involves a system comprised of a DC-DC boost converter, a PV panel, and an ohmic load. The IC and FLC MPPT algorithms generate the duty ratio, and the PWM signal is generated by comparing it with the triangle wave. This generated signal is applied to the DC-DC boost converter. This research investigates the effectiveness, variability, and duration required to attain the MPP of the implemented MPPT methods. The system has been developed within the Matlab/Simulink framework. Based on the simulation findings, it has been determined that the FLC MPPT algorithm achieves the MPP faster than the IC MPPT algorithm. Consequently, the fluctuation level is minimal, and the efficiency is high. © 2024, TUBITAK. All rights reserved.Öğe A new fuzzy logic proportional controller approach applied to individual pitch angle for wind turbine load mitigation(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2017) Civelek, Zafer; Luy, Murat; Cam, Ertugrul; Mamur, HayatiIn the world, efforts to increase the resource diversity in electric generation have accelerated lately. So, the great improvements have been achieved in wind turbines (WTs). The dimensions of WTs have grown for more electric generation and their energy productions have increased. Depending on these developments, it has become more important to reduce the WT load mitigation. Thus, a tendency to pass an individual pitch angle system control rather than a collective pitch angle system control employed to stable the output power of WTs over nominal wind speeds has whetted in recent studies. However, in literature, a controller proposal relating to how to incorporate the blade moments used for providing the individual pitch angle system into the output power control system has not yet been offered. Therefore, in this study, a new fuzzy logic proportional control (FL-P-C) approach has been recommended to mitigate the moment load on blades and tower to a minimum possible value while keeping the output power of WTs at a constant value. The offered FL-P-C has also been verified by MATLAB/Simulink. Through the first application of the FL-P-C on a WT, a significant improvement of 33-83% has been managed for the blade and tower moment loads. Furthermore, the grid fluctuations have been reduced because of the stabilisation of the output power of the WT. Ultimately, by the offered FL-P-C, not only the WT load mitigations and maintenance costs of WTs could be reduced, but also electric costs could be decreased owing to increasing lifetimes of WTs. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Optimization of the Coefficients of the Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller Designed for Vertical Motion of the Quadrotor with Genetic Algorithm(Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, 2020) Civelek, ZaferUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have found wide application areas in civil and military. Their low-cost physical structure and less complex control structures compared to their counterparts have made these devices the target of many researchers. In this study, the coefficients of the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller that controls the vertical movement of four-motor UAVs have been optimized with the genetic algorithm (GA). GA is coded in Matlab / Script language. Mathematical model of Quadrotor was developed in Matlab environment. The simulation results show that the GA has successfully optimized the coefficients of the PID controller.Öğe Proportional-integral-derivative parameter optimisation of blade pitch controller in wind turbines by a new intelligent genetic algorithm(Inst Engineering Technology-Iet, 2016) Civelek, Zafer; Cam, Ertugrul; Luy, Murat; Mamur, HayatiOutput powers of wind turbines (WTs) with variable blade pitch over nominal wind speeds are controlled by means of blade pitch adjustment. While tuning the blade pitch, conventional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers and some intelligent genetic algorithms (IGAs) are widely used in hot systems. Since IGAs are community-based optimisation methods, they have an ability to look for multi-point solutions. However, the PID parameter setting optimisation of the IGA controllers is important and quite difficult a step in WTs. To solve this problem, while the optimisation is carried out by regulating mutation rates in some IGA controllers, the optimisation is conducted by altering crossover point numbers in others. In this study, a new IGA algorithm approach has been suggested for the PID parameter setting optimisation of the blade pitch controller. The algorithm rearranging both the mutation rate and the crossover point number together according to the algorithm progress has been firstly used. The new IGA approach has also been tested and validated by using MATLAB/Simulink software. Then, its superiority has been proved by comparing the other genetic algorithm (GAs). Consequently, the new IGA approach has more successfully adjusted the blade pitch of a WT running at higher wind speeds than other GA methods.Öğe Rüzgâr türbinlerinde bireysel hatve açısının PID, bulanık PID ve genetik bulanık denetleyiciler ile kontrol edilerek elektriksel güç çıkışı ve momentin iyileştirilmesi(Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, 2017) Civelek, Zafer; Lüy, MuratBu tezde,rüzgâr türbinlerinin bireysel hatve açısının PID, bulanık PID ve genetik bulanık denetleyiciler ile kontrol edilerek elektriksel güç çıkışı ve türbin üzerindeki moment yüklerinin iyileştirilmesi üzerine bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar Matlab/Simulink ortamında gerçeklenmiştir. Rüzgâr türbini modeli olarak Amerika Yenilenebilir Enerji Laboratuvarının (NREL-National Renewable Energy Laboratory) geliştirdiği Matlab/Simulink ortamında kullanılabilen Fast (Fatigue Aerodynamics, Structures and Turbulence) modeli kullanılmıştır. Fast modeli rüzgâr türbininin kanat hatve açılarının hem kollektif (yani bütün kanatlar aynı açı ile dönmesi) hem bireysel (yani kanatlar birbirinden bağımsız olarak ayrı açılar ile dönmesi) olarak kontrolüne izin vermektedir. Ayrıca Fast modeli gerçek zamanlı olarak rüzgâr türbininin mekanik yük hesaplamalarını yaparak Matlab/Simulink ortamına aktarmaktadır. Fast rüzgâr türbini modeli diğer rüzgâr türbini modellerinde olmayan bu özelliklerinden dolayı tercih edilmiştir. Çalışmalar için oluşturulan rüzgâr enerji sisteminde 1,5 MW'lık rüzgâr türbini ve Kalıcı Mıknatıslı Senkron Jeneratör (KMSJ) kullanılmıştır. Hem bireysel kanat hatve açısı hem de kollektif kanat hatve açısı modellerinde çıkış gücünü kontrol etmek için PID, bulanık PID ve genetik bulanık denetleyiciler kullanılmış ve sonuçları karşılaştırılmıştır.Öğe U2-Net Segmentation And Multi-Label Cnn Classification Of Wheat Varieties(Konya Teknik Univ, 2024) Argun, Mustafa Şamil; Türk, Fuat; Civelek, ZaferThere are many varieties of wheat grown around the world. In addition, they have different physiological states such as vitreous and yellow berry. These reasons make it difficult to classify wheat by experts. In this study, a workflow was carried out for both segmentation of wheat according to its vitreous/yellow berry grain status and classification according to variety. Unlike previous studies, automatic segmentation of wheat images was carried out with the U2-NET architecture. Thus, roughness and shadows on the image are minimized. This increased the level of success in classification. The newly proposed CNN architecture is run in two stages. In the first stage, wheat was sorted as vitreous-yellow berry. In the second stage, these separated wheats were grouped by multi-label classification. Experimental results showed that the accuracy for binary classification was 98.71% and the multi-label classification average accuracy was 89.5%. The results showed that the proposed study has the potential to contribute to making the wheat classification process more reliable, effective, and objective by helping the experts.
