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    Analysis of Fuel Cell Based Time Delayed Load Frequency Control Having Energy Storage Systems
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2022) Saka, Mustafa; Demirci, Merve; Eke, Ibrahim; Gozde, Haluk; Dursun, Mahir; Cengiz Taplamacioglu, M.
    In this paper single area fuel cell based load frequency control (LFC) system is examined. This system has a battery energy storage system (BESS) and flywheel energy storage system (FESS). Due to communication components, communication time delay is often occurred in the LFC system in practice. For this reason, this delay is added to system model. In order to improve the system performances, fractional order proportional-integral-derivative PI?D?) controller is used and it is tuned via recently developed Equilibrium Optimizer (EO). The present study, three different analyzes are performed. First, effectiveness of proposed controller and method are compared with the literature. Second, impact of variations of communication time delays are analyzed. Finally, the impact of changing of system time constants are examined. Obtained results are shown that system performances have been improved. In addition, the effects of variations in time delay and time constants on the system are shown comparatively. © 2022 IEEE.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Effect of Electrical Vehicles Participation Rate on Time Delayed Load Frequency Control
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Saka, Mustafa; Demirci, Merve; Eke, Ibrahim; Gozde, Haluk; Dursun, Mahir; Taplamacioglu, M. Cengiz
    In this paper, the participation rates of electric vehicles (EVs) connected to the power system in load frequency control (LFC) performances have been examined. In addition, different communication time delays (CTDs) have been implemented to system model (for both plant and EVs side) for obtained realistic results. The analyzes have been carried out for the proportional-integral-derivative controller having derivative filter coefficient (PID-N). In order to find optimal PID-N controller parameters, recently developed Equilibrium Optimizer (EO) technique have been selected and applied. The analyzes have been performed for various participation rate of EVs and the results have been compared with respect to overshoot, undershoot and settling time values. The contributions of electrical vehicles on load frequency control system performances have been demonstrated for two different cases within this study. © 2023 IEEE.