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    Remineralization effect of NaF, NaF with TCP, NaF with CPP-ACP and NaF with CXP varnishes on newly erupted first permanent molars: A randomized controlled trial
    (Wiley, 2024) Almaz, Merve Erkmen; Ulusoy, Nur Burcu; Oba, Aylin Akbay; Dokumaci, Aysun
    Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the remineralization effect of NaF, NaF with TCP, NaF with CPP-ACP and NaF with CXP varnishes on newly erupted first permanent molars using laser fluorescence (LF) method. The study was a randomized, double- blind, controlled trial with four parallel groups.Methods: The study was carried out in 48 high caries- risk children (DMFS >8), aged 6- 7 years with newly erupted permanent first molars (initial lesion with 13 < LF value<30). A total of 140 teeth were divided randomly into four groups (n= 35): G1.Duraphat Varnish containing 5% NaF, G2. Clinpro (TM) White Varnish containing 5% NaF with TCP, G3.Embrace (TM) Varnish containing 5% NaF with CXP, G4. MI Varnish containing 5% NaF with CPP-ACP. All dental treatments of the patients were com-pleted before the varnish application. The varnishes were applied to the targeted teeth at baseline, 1 and 3 months. Patients were called for follow-up appointments at 1, 3 and 6 months, and LF scanning was used to monitor mineralization changes. Data were analysed statistically by Wilcoxon signed- rank and Mann-Whitney U- t e s t s .Results: In total, 40 children (122 teeth) completed the trial. At the end of 6 months, the amount of reduction in LF values (indicating remineralization) are as follows: NaF with CXP(6.87 +/- 4.32) < NaF with TCP(7.36 +/- 7.05) < NaF(7.40 +/- 7.03) < NaF with CPP- ACP(8.33 +/- 4.90). All of the varnishes resulted in significant decrease in LF measure-ments and there was no significant difference between control (NaF alone) group and other groups. Only MI varnish had a significantly greater remineralization effect than Embrace (TM) Varnish (p < 0.05).Conclusion: As a non-invasive approach, CPP-ACP, TCP and CXP containing NaF var-nishes have the potential to remineralize initial caries lesions on permanent first mo-lars in high caries- risk children