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Öğe A novel hybrid global optimization algorithm having training strategy: hybrid Taguchi-vortex search algorithm(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2021) Saka, Mustafa; Coban, Melih; Eke, Ibrahim; Tezcan, Suleyman Sungur; Taplamacioglu, Muslum CengizIn this paper, a novel hybrid Taguchi-vortex search algorithm (HTVS) is proposed for solving global optimization problems. Taguchi orthogonal approximation and vortex search algorithm (VS) are hybridized in presenting method. In HTVS, orthogonal arrays in the Taguchi method are trained and obtained better solutions are used to find global optima in VS. Thus, HTVS has better relation between exploration and exploitation, and it exhibits more powerful approximation to find global optimum value. Proposed HTVS algorithm is applied to sixteen well-known benchmark optimization test functions with different dimensions. The results are compared with the Taguchi orthogonal array approximation (TOAA), vortex search algorithm, grey wolf optimizer (GWO), sine cosine algorithm (SCA), moth-flame optimization algorithm (MFO), whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and salp swarm algorithm (SSA). In order to compare the effectiveness of HTVS statistically, Wilcoxon signed-rank test (WSRT) is used in this study. Furthermore, HTVS is applied to two different real engineering problems having some constraints (tension/compression spring design and pressure vessel design). All obtained results suggested that HTVS can find optimal or very close to optimal results. Moreover, it has good computational ability and fast convergence behavior as well.Öğe Analysis of Fuel Cell Based Time Delayed Load Frequency Control Having Energy Storage Systems(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2022) Saka, Mustafa; Demirci, Merve; Eke, Ibrahim; Gozde, Haluk; Dursun, Mahir; Cengiz Taplamacioglu, M.In this paper single area fuel cell based load frequency control (LFC) system is examined. This system has a battery energy storage system (BESS) and flywheel energy storage system (FESS). Due to communication components, communication time delay is often occurred in the LFC system in practice. For this reason, this delay is added to system model. In order to improve the system performances, fractional order proportional-integral-derivative PI?D?) controller is used and it is tuned via recently developed Equilibrium Optimizer (EO). The present study, three different analyzes are performed. First, effectiveness of proposed controller and method are compared with the literature. Second, impact of variations of communication time delays are analyzed. Finally, the impact of changing of system time constants are examined. Obtained results are shown that system performances have been improved. In addition, the effects of variations in time delay and time constants on the system are shown comparatively. © 2022 IEEE.Öğe Combined heat and power economic dispatch by Taguchi-based filled function(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Eke, IbrahimCombined heat and power systems are known for their high efficiency. On the other hand, economic dispatching of these systems is very important in terms of total efficiency and reliability of the power system. The novelty of this study is to use the Filled Function Method (FFM) to solve this optimization problem in a way different from that to be found in the literature. Moreover, the Taguchi method is combined with the FFM for the first time to obtain the best initial parameters. So the proposed hybrid deterministic optimization algorithm is called the Taguchi-based Filled Function Method (TFFM). The most important advantage of the suggested TFFM is that it always gives the same result for the same inputs and all the solutions are in the feasible region. The method is applied to four different test systems and the results obtained are compared with those of recent powerful optimization algorithms. With the proposed optimization method, a significant performance increase of 5.676% was achieved. Online supplemental data for this article can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.1080/0305215X.2022.2034802.Öğe Design of Integer Order Approximation Fractional Order Controller with for Automatic Voltage Regulation System(Ieee, 2019) Yildirim, Burak; Ozdemir, Mahmut Temel; Eke, IbrahimMaintaining the voltage value, which is one of the most important parameters of electrical power systems, is vital for modern power systems. In this study, the application of an Integer Order Approximation Fractional Order (IOAFO) controller to an automatic voltage regulation (AVR) system is shown. Matlab/Simulink model was developed for AVR system controlled by IOAFOPI, which is formed by using continued fractional expansion method (CFE) and the performance of IOAFOPI was compared with classical PID. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) method was used to obtain controller gains in the analysis studies. A multi-purpose cost function consisting of important properties of both time domain and frequency domain was used to perform the optimization of the models. The results obtained in the analysis for the purposed IOAFOPI controller were compared with the classical PID for both time domain and frequency domain responses. The stability of the controllers against system uncertainties are also shown in the results.Öğe Economic Load Dispatch Using Vortex Search Algorithm(Ieee, 2017) Saka, Mustafa; Eke, Ibrahim; Tezcan, Suleyman Sungur; Taplamacioglu, M. CengizEconomic load dispatch (ELD) is one of most fundamental issue for energy generation and distribution in power systems. For this purpose, different optimization techniques are developed and applied to ELD problem. In this paper, vortex search algorithm (VSA) is proposed and used for solving ELD problem. VSA method was developed from nature by observing the state of stirring liquids. Transmission losses, valve point loading effect, ramp rate limits and prohibited operating zone constraints are considered to solve ELD problem with VSA method. The feasibility and effectivity of this method is demonstrated for different cases. Obtained results are compared with different developed algorithms and these results clearly point out that proposed VSA method gives successfully outputs.Öğe Effect of Electrical Vehicles Participation Rate on Time Delayed Load Frequency Control(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Saka, Mustafa; Demirci, Merve; Eke, Ibrahim; Gozde, Haluk; Dursun, Mahir; Taplamacioglu, M. CengizIn this paper, the participation rates of electric vehicles (EVs) connected to the power system in load frequency control (LFC) performances have been examined. In addition, different communication time delays (CTDs) have been implemented to system model (for both plant and EVs side) for obtained realistic results. The analyzes have been carried out for the proportional-integral-derivative controller having derivative filter coefficient (PID-N). In order to find optimal PID-N controller parameters, recently developed Equilibrium Optimizer (EO) technique have been selected and applied. The analyzes have been performed for various participation rate of EVs and the results have been compared with respect to overshoot, undershoot and settling time values. The contributions of electrical vehicles on load frequency control system performances have been demonstrated for two different cases within this study. © 2023 IEEE.Öğe Fo-pid controller design with sca for communication time delayed lfc(International Organization on 'Technical and Physical Problems of Engineering', 2020) Saka, Mustafa; Eke, Ibrahim; Gozde, Haluk; Taplamacioglu, M.C.In this paper, Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA) is proposed and applied to load frequency control (LFC) of different type single area power systems. Reheat turbine system without communication time delayed is considered for the first system. Power systems have communication time delays because of far remote units (FRUs’), communication channels (CCs’), delays between plant units and etc. Communication time delays (CTDs) have negative affect on reliability and stability of power systems. For this reason, non-reheat turbine system having communication time delayed is considered. Both systems are controlled by fractional order proportional-integral-derivative controller (FO-PID). This controller has five controllable parameters. Thus, it is very flexible and very effective controller. Analyzed single area power systems for LFC are compared with recent literature studies. Founded outputs are examined according to settling time (%0.005 band width), overshoot, undershoot and peak to peak values of frequency deviation signals. These outputs are demonstrated that system performances highly enhanced with proposed FO-PID controller and SCA method. © 2020, International Organization on 'Technical and Physical Problems of Engineering'. All rights reserved.Öğe Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) Based PID Controller Design for Two Area Multi-Source Power System Load Frequency Control (LFC)(Gazi Univ, 2018) Safi, Shah Jahan; Tezcan, Suleyman Sungur; Eke, Ibrahim; Farhad, ZakirhussainThis paper presents the design and performance analysis of a meta-heuristic search technique (Gravitational-Search-algorithm) for optimal tuning of Proportional-Integral-Derivative plus Filter (PIDF) controller for automatic generation control of multi-source two area interconnected power system. Integral of absolute magnitude of square of error (IASE) is used as objective function. Excellency of the proposed approach is shown with comparison of differential evolution and particle swarm optimization algorithm. The dynamic response has been studied under variety of operating-conditions. The simulation results by MATLAB/Simulink program represent that the tuned PIDF-controllers by gravitational search algorithm supply the better damping of oscillations in power system.Öğe Heuristic optimization based dynamic weighted state feedback approach for 2DOF PI-controller in automatic voltage regulator(Elsevier - Division Reed Elsevier India Pvt Ltd, 2021) Eke, Ibrahim; Saka, Mustafa; Gozde, Haluk; Arya, Yogendra; Taplamacioglu, M. CengizThe intelligent, robust and reliable control of Automatic Voltage Regulator is essential to maintain a constant voltage level of synchronous generator working under different operating conditions. The heuristic optimization based 2DOF state-feedback PI-controller which regulates voltage output of synchronous generators markedly towards severe and continuous disturbances by using amplifier output as an additional feedback is a recent and powerful AVR strategy. In this study, to provide elasticity of dynamic response of this AVR scheme against relatively severe and continuous disturbances, its state-feedbacks are dynamically weighted by the flexible coefficients. Indeed, when the curves of the weight coefficients versus step disturbance are investigated, it is observed that while the disturbance increases, the weight coefficients also rise the effect of amplifier feedback automatically in order to regulate the voltage output of the AVR. The novel dynamic weighting approach increases the system performance between 9.48% and 19.65% for different working conditions. After robustness and stability analyses, a suggestion for real implementation scheme is presented and interpreted. (c) 2021 Karabuk University. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Öğe Inserting of heuristic techniques into the stability regions for multiarea load frequency control systems with time delays(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Saka, Mustafa; Sonmez, Sahin; Eke, Ibrahim; Gozde, Haluk; Taplamacioglu, Muslum Cengiz; Ayasun, SaffetThe design and optimization of robust controller parameters are required to improve the controller perfor-mances and to keep the stability of load frequency control (LFC) system. In addition, reducing the number of iterations and computational time is very important for swiftly tuning of the controller parameters and the system to reach stability rapidly. For this purpose, this study presents the inserting of heuristic optimization techniques into stability regions method identified in proportional-integral (PI) controllers space for multiarea LFC systems with communication time delays (CTDs). This method consists of two steps: determination of stability region for the system and application of heuristics. Stability region for the system is found via stability boundary locus (SBL) and moth-flame optimization (MFO), particle swarm optimization (PSO), sine cosine algorithm (SCA), slime mould algorithm (SMA) and whale optimization algorithm (WOA) are inserted and applied to this region. In addition, a cost function having time domain specifications is developed for improving the performances of LFC and it is compared with the well-known integral error functions. Also, the robust stability region, which tolerates any system parameter and any time delay variation, is identified and the significance of this region is given for robustness analysis. It is observed from the analyses that better system outputs have been obtained with developed cost function. Steady state errors are minimized and transient state performances are improved with the proposed method. Moreover, desired system performances have been achieved with lower computational time and iteration number (approximately more than about 89% reduced according to classical approach) without deteriorating the stable structure of the system by the proposed method.Öğe Neural network based heuristic fractional order adaptive PID-controller for eliminating communication time delay in multi-area LFC(Wiley, 2022) Saka, Mustafa; Gozde, Haluk; Eke, Ibrahim; Taplamacioglu, M. CengizCommunication of interconnected power system components with each other and with control centers is provided by using various communication links. However, these links can cause significant time delays (TD) depending on the types, distance and conditions of the communication channel. In addition to temporary time delays caused by the time constants of the components due to system failures, this article draws attention to the negative effects that may be caused by permanent communication time delays in particular, as different from the literature. The communication time delays can disrupt the stable operation of power systems and even cause the whole system to breakdown by making it unstable, when combining with other delays. In the study, the fiber-optic (F/O) links are assumed to commonly use in supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems and the communication time delays are calculated based on this scenario. However, it is no doubt that less used radio frequency (RF)-links will create more time delays. Moreover, to eliminate the negative effects of these types of time delays, a novel neural network based-heuristic fractional order hybrid adaptive proportional-integral-derivative (ML-H-(PID mu)-D-lambda) controller for multi area load frequency control (LFC) scheme is developed and analyzed.Öğe New Optimization Algorithms for Application to Environmental Economic Load Dispatch in Power Systems(Istanbul Univ, Fac Engineering, 2018) Akkas, Ozge Pinar; Cam, Ertugrul; Eke, Ibrahim; Arikan, YagmurThe determination of the most economical generation dispatch in an electrical power system has become a very important issue globally. However, economical dispatch can no longer be considered alone because of environmental problems that are derived from emissions such as nitrogen oxide, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide. In this study, the problem of environmental economic load dispatch (EELD) in a power system of six generators is addressed both by neglecting and including line transmission losses using a modified genetic algorithm and a modified artificial bee colony optimization method. The results of these modified algorithms are compared with those of the unmodified versions. The results demonstrate that the proposed new methods have better economic and environmental distribution performances. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the new methods are more effective and should be adopted.Öğe Optimal Power Flow Considering Global Voltage Stability Based on a Hybrid Modern Heuristic Technique(Elsevier, 2022) Bai, Wenlei; Lee, Kwang Y.; Eke, IbrahimIntegrating large renewable energy to grid complicates power systems' steady-state operation which leads to the high risk of voltage instability due to its intermittent and stochastic properties. The steady-state voltage stability margin (VSM) can be measured by the smallest singular value (SSV) of the load flow Jacobian matrix. Unlike other voltage stability indices such as L -index which shows the probability of voltage collapse for a particular bus, namely, local stability index, SSV represents the global voltage stability and the smaller the value is, the riskier the whole system's stability is. Voltage stability constrained -optimal power flow (VSC-OPF) is an effective tool to stabilize system voltage. Yet VSC-OPF is a highly non-linear and non-convex problem because of AC power flow and implicit SSV constraints. Such challenge is tackled, in this work, by a novel hybrid heuristic method, differential evolutionary particle swarm optimization (DEEPSO) which can easily formulate explicit constraints and objective functions to obtain near-optimal solutions efficiently. Several case studies are conducted on the IEEE 30 bus system, and they demonstrate the effectiveness of the hybrid technique and presents some insights on voltage profiles under various system operating condition. Copyright (C) 2022 The Authors.Öğe Optimal Scheduling of Distributed Energy Resources by Modern Heuristic Optimization Technique(Ieee, 2017) Bai, Wenlei; Eke, Ibrahim; Lee, Kwang Y.The increasing number and types of energy resources and prosumers has complicated the operation in microgrid greatly. Such problem becomes a hard-to-solve or even impossible-to-solve for traditional mathematical algorithms without necessary approximation. However, modern heuristic optimization techniques have proven their efficiency and robustness in complex non-linear, non-convex and large-size problems. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive microgrid which consists of renewables, distributed generators, demand response, marketplace, energy storage system and prosumers, and investigate the behaviors of such system. A novel heuristic method, artificial bee colony, is proposed to solve the day-ahead optimal scheduling of the microgrid. Case studies have shown that such algorithm is able to solve the problem fast, reliable with satisfactory solutions. For the first case, the computational time is 9 minutes compared with 19 hours by a traditional methodical tool which has not taken necessary approximation of the original problem.Öğe A Robust PID Power System Stabilizer Design of Single Machine Infinite Bus System using Firefly Algorithm(Gazi Univ, 2018) Farhad, Zakirhussain; Eke, Ibrahim; Tezcan, Suleyman Sungur; Safi, Shah JahanThis paper presents the design of a proportional-integral-derivative power-system-stabilizer using the firefly algorithm for tuning of stabilizer parameters and washout (reset). The proposed optimization of parameters is carried out with eigenvalue analysis based objective function for two cases (two parametric bounds) to guarantee the stability for the single-machine-infinite-bus system model for a wide range of operating conditions. The system performance with Firefly-Algorithm tuned controller is compared with Bat-Algorithm optimized Conventional-Power-System-Stabilizer controller. The power system robustness is tested on 133 operating conditions to set up the superior performance of FA-PID-PSS over the BA-CPSS. According to the eigenvalue analysis and time response parameters results, it is found that BA-CPSS and FA-PID-PSS (case-I) have the ability to stabilize the system for some operating conditions; but the FA-PID-PSS (case-II) can stabilize the system and can improve settling time and overshoot for all operating conditions.Öğe Solving economic load dispatch problem with valve-point effects using filled function(Gazi Univ, Fac Engineering Architecture, 2017) Eke, Ibrahim; Tezcan, Suleyman Sungur; Celik, CoskunThis paper presents a filled function method to solve economic load dispatch (ELD) of the thermal unit. The proposed method can take care of ELD considering nonlinearity such as valve point loading. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm has been verified on three different test systems with equality and inequality constraint. Simulation results show that the filled function method is less sensitive to initial values of parameters and is more effective than other previously developed algorithms. In addition, the proposed algorithm is highly promising for the large-scale system.Öğe Tuning of Optimal Classical and Fractional Order PID Parameters forAutomatic Generation Control Based on the Bacterial Swarm Optimization(Elsevier Science Bv, 2015) Ozdemir, Mahmut T.; Ozturk, Dursun; Eke, Ibrahim; Celik, Vedat; Lee, Kwang Y.Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm converges rapidly during the initial stage of a global search, but around global optimum, the search process slows down. In order to overcome this problem and to further enhance the performance of Particle Swarm Optimization. this paper implements a hybrid algorithm. Bacterial Swarm Optimization, combining the features of Bacterial Foraging Optimization and Particle Swarm Optimization The PID parameters of classical and fractional-order controllers are optimized with Bacterial Swann Optimization for load frequency control of a two area power system. Simulation results show fractional-order PID controller has less settling time and less overshoot than the classical PID controller for most of studies. (C) 2015, IFAC (International Rderation or Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.