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Öğe Ankara ve van kedilerinin gebelik ve laktasyon dönemlerine ait bazı biyokimyasal parametrelerinin karşılaştırılması(2010) Macun, Hasan Ceyhun; Çınar, Miyase; Erat, Serkan; Arıkan, ŞevketBu çalışmanın amacı; Ankara ve Van kedilerinin gebelik ve laktasyon dönemlerindeki bazı serum biyokimyasal parametrelerini ve ırkın bu parametreler üzerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Ayrıca kedilerin gebelik ve laktasyon dönemi biyokimyasal değerlerine de katkı sağlamaktır. Çalışmada 3-4 yaşlarında, üç Ankara ve dört Van kedisine ait toplam 80-85 adet serum örneği kullanıldı. Kedilerden gebeliklerinin erken, orta ve geç dönemleri ile laktasyon döneminin er- ken ve geç dönemlerinde kan alındı. Kan serumlarında alanin aminotransferaz (ALT) ve aspartat aminotransferaz (AST) aktiviteleri, glikoz, total kolesterol, total protein, albumin, globulin, kalsiyum (Ca), inorganik fosfor (Pi) ve magnez- yum (Mg) düzeyleri belirlendi. Gebeliğin orta döneminde ALT aktivitesi, geç gebelik döneminde globulin ve Ca düzeyle- ri yönünden ırklar arasında fark bulundu (p0.05). Gebelik ve laktasyon dönemi ALT ve AST aktiviteleri, glikoz, total kolesterol, albumin, Pi ve Mg düzeylerinin referans aralıkları içinde olduğu, total protein, globulin ve Ca düzeylerinin ise referans aralıkların üzerinde olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak; elde edilen bu değerlerle hem ülkemizin lokal ırklarının hem de yeterince veri bulunmayan kedi türünün gebelik ve laktasyon dönemi biyokimyasal özelliklerinin belirlenmesine katkı sağlanacağı kanısına varıldı.Öğe Application of Linear, Quadratic and Cubic Regression Models to Predict Body Weight from Different Body Measurements in Domestic Cats(Friends Science Publ, 2011) Erat, SerkanThe aims of this study were to predict body weight (BW) from different body measurements and to determine the best regression model for domestic cats. For this aims, a total of 48 adult Turkish cats (20 females & 8 males Turkish Angora; 13 females & 7 males Turkish Van) were used. In the study, wither height (WH), body length (BL) and head circumference (HC) were assumed as independent variables, whereas body weight was used as dependent variable. Linear, quadratic and cubic effects of the independent variables were included in the assumed model as Y=b(0) + b(1)X + b(2)X(2) + b(3)X(3) + e. Where Y = body weight; b(0) = the intercept; X = independent variables, (WH, BL, or HC); b(1), b(2) and b(3) = regression coefficients and e = random error. Conceptual predictive (Cp) and Akaike information criterion (AIC) were used to determine the most suitable model among the assumed models. The model that has the smallest Cp and AIC values is the best model. The R-2 values from the regression indicate the BL (R-2 = 0.50) to be moderately related to the BW. Neither the quadratic term nor the cubic term was significant for all body traits, whereas the linear term was highly significant (p < 0.001) for all independent variables. Since the maximum number of independent variables is three, there were seven possible different models. It can be concluded that cat body weight was explained with the following model. (BW) = -4.53 + 0.11 WH + 0.13 BL with p-values, < 0.001, 0.0083, and < 0.001 for the intercept, b(1) and b(2), respectively with R-2 = 0.57. (C) 2011 Friends Science PublishersÖğe Body Mass Index and Different Body Measurements of Turkish Angora and Van Cats in Two Different Locations(Medwell Online, 2010) Erat, Serkan; Arikan, SevketThe aims of the present study were to compare the body mass index and some other body measurements of the Turkish Angora (n = 20) and Van (n = 16) cats in two different locations (Ankara Zoo = AOC and the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kirikkale University = KKU) and also to determine the prevalence of overweight or obesity in this feline population. The effects of gender, age, location and eye colors were also investigated on the traits measured. The age of the cats ranged from 1-8 years old. Analyzed traits included Body Mass Index (BMI), live Body Weight (BW), Wither Height (WH), Body Length (BL), Head Circumference (HC), Body Condition Score (BCS). None of the cats in this study were found overweight or obese. The BMI of Turkish Van cats was greater than the BMI of Turkish Angora cats. The BW of Turkish Van cats tended to heavier than the Turkish Angora cats but the difference was not significant. The WH, BL and the HC values for both cats were similar. The BCS of Turkish Van cats was significantly greater than the BCS of Turkish Angora cats in KKU. Significant phenotypic correlations were found between the BW and the WH and the BL and the HC and the BMI and the BCS; between the WH and the BL and the HC; between the BL and the HC and the BCS; between the HC and the BCS; between the BMI and the BCS. The present study more clearly defines some body traits of the Turkish cats and may help to understand these invaluable cats better.Öğe Body Weight Estimation from Different Morphometric Measurements in Anatolian Hares, Lepus europaeus(Zoological Soc Pakistan, 2015) Demirbaş, Yasin; Erat, SerkanIn the present study, the simple regression analysis using the different morphometric measurements of hares was performed for the estimation of body weight of brown hares (Lepus europaeus) from Anatolia (juveniles versus adults). There was a strong linear relationship between body weight (BW) and ear length (EL) and condylobasal length (CBL) in juvenile Anatolian hares. On the other hand, there was a medium linear relationship between BW and tail length (TL) and CBL in adult Anatolian hares. The prediction models determined explained 94% and 41% of the variation in BW of juvenile and adult Anatolian hares, respectively. The BW showed the highest correlation coefficient value with the CBL (r = 0.964; p < 0.01) in the juvenile hares. Similarly, the BW showed the highest correlation coefficient value with the CBL (r = 0.582; p < 0.01) in the adult hares. Our study revealed that juvenile Anatolian hares presented a greater variability than did adults Anatolian hares with respect to all traits measured. The present study may help scientist to get more information about biologic aspect of mammal species such as Anatolian hare which is at low density in wildlife.Öğe Comparison of Growth and Development Characteristics of Hair and Damascus Kids Reared under Extensive Conditions(2022) Erdem, Evren; Özbaşer, Fatma Tülin; Erat, SerkanThe present study aimed to compare the growth and the development of Hair and Damascus kids reared under extensive conditions. The body weights of Damascus goats were significantly higher than that of the Hair goats during the 360 days growth period (P < 0.05; P<0.001). Body weight was influenced by birth type only at birth and on the 360th day of the growth period, and single-birth kids had higher values than twin-born kids (P < 0.05). Exceptfor the 120th day of the growth period, the body weight of kids born in dam age group III was higher than that of kids born in the other dam age groups (P < 0.05; P < 0.01; P < 0.001). The breed effect was markedly observed after the 120th day of the growth period concerning body measurements especially chest depth, rump height, and body length. Damascus goats were significantly higher than that in the Hair goats for these traits (P < 0.001). It can be suggested that comparative studies containing the entire growth period should be conducted on other indigenous goat breeds (Angora, Honamlı, Kilis, and Norduz goat breeds) and to demonstrate the growth and development characteristics of these breeds.Öğe Comparison of milk microbiota between healthy and mastitic cows(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2024) Kızıl, Sibel; Aydın, Fatma Esin; Önlen Güneri, Cansu; Ülker, Ufuk; Emekdaş, Gürol; Basmacı, İbrahim; Erat, SerkanMammary gland infections occur due to bacterial changes in the mammary tissue. Studies conducted in recent years have reported variations in the most common bacteria differ according to geographical locations. California mastitis test (CMT), somatic cell count (SCC), and aerobic colony count (ACC) analyses were performed on approximately 50 mL of hygienically collected raw milk samples. Raw milk was also subjected to conventional bacteriological isolation and identification. Bacterial diversity and rates in raw milk were compared through metagenome analysis. Two samples, one from healthy milk and another from subclinical milk with mastitis, were independently tested to determine whether there were differences in the percentages (%) of bacterial phylum and genera detected as a result of metagenome analysis. As a result of the conventional isolation and identification of raw milk, EscherichiaShigella, Acinetobacter, Vibrio, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Lactococcus, Glutamicibacter and Bacillus genera, and Enterobacteriaceae family were frequently detected, respectively. As a result of metagenome analysis, the following phyla were detected in healthy raw milk: Firmicutes and Proteobacteria (7/7), Bacteroidota (6/7), and Actinobacteriota (4/7). In raw milk with subclinical mastitis, the detected phyla were Firmicutes and Proteobacteria (27/29), Actinobacteriota (11/29), and Bacteroidota (10/29). As a result of the statistical analysis, the frequency of Bacteriodata in healthy milk samples, as well as Enhydrobacter, Enterobacteriaceae, Paenibacillus, Macrococcus, Spingobacterium, and Others, were significantly higher than the incidence in milk samples with subclinical mastitis. The only exception was observed in Escherichia-Shigella genera, where the opposite situation was evident. As a result of metagenome studies conducted on the raw milk of animals with both healthy and subclinical mastitis, significant differences were detected in some phyla and genera. The findings of our study will shed light on mastitis treatment studies by improving the microbiota.Öğe Comparison of prenatal development of Turkish Angora and Van cats(Univ Zagreb Vet Faculty, 2011) Macun, Hasan C.; Erat, Serkan; Arikan, SevketThe objectives of the present study were to gather data on the prenatal development of Turkish cats (the Angora and Van cats) and examine the effects of the breed on prenatal development. Three Angora and four Van cats, ranging in age from 3 to 4 years, were used in the present study. Depending on the stage of pregnancy, the gestational sac diameter (GSD), the fetal heart diameter (FHRTD), the fetal abdominal diameter (FAD), the fetal head diameter (FHD), the fetal gastric diameter (FGD), the fetal width of fore (FWFP) and rear footpads (FWRP) were measured by freezing the images of the fetus or fetal structure on the screen. The mean FHRTD value of the Angora cats was significantly (P = 0.033) greater than the corresponding value of the Van cats during the third week of gestation. The Van cats had significantly (P = 0.008) greater mean value of FHD than did the Angora cats during the fifth week of the gestation. There were no significant breed differences between the other fetal measurements. As a result, the prenatal development of the Angora and Van cats were found to be similar. The findings of the present study may also be used as an aid to estimate the gestational age of domestic cats.Öğe The effect of prebiotic and organic zinc alone and in combination in broiler diets on the performance and some blood parameters(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2012) Yalcinkaya, Ilkay; Cinar, Miyase; Yildirim, Ebru; Erat, Serkan; Basalan, Mehmet; Gungor, TulinThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of prebiotic and organic zinc alone and in combination in broiler diets on the live weight gain (LWG), feed consumption (FC), feed consumption ratio (FCR), carcass yield, some relative organ weights and blood parameters. A total of 160 Ross 308 one-day old male chicks were assigned to 4 treatment groups with 4 replicates of 10 birds each. Treatment for each group consisted of: first group (control group) received basal diet without supplementation; second group received 1 g/kg Mannano ligosaccharide (MOS); third group received 80 mg/kg organic zinc (OZn); and fourth group received 80 mg/kg organic zinc + 1 g/kg Mannanoligosaccharide (MOS+OZn). The study lasted 42 days. The supplementation of MOS and OZn had no effect on the LWG, FC, FCR, carcass yield, serum aspartate aminotranferase, (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and triglyceride levels during the experiment (P>0.05). Relative organ weights (liver, spleen, pancreas) were significantly higher in OZn group than those in the other groups (P<0.001). There was a significant difference in serum total cholesterol and glucose levels between treatment groups and control group (P<0.001). Serum Zn and Fe levels were significantly lower in control group than those in OZn and MOS+OZn groups (P<0.001). The highest and the lowest Cu levels were in the MOS+OZn and control groups, respectively (P<0.001). These data suggest that OZn with MOS combination may have a beneficial effect on serum mineral level in broilers.Öğe The hair characteristics of Turkish Angora and Van cats(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2012) Erat, Serkan; Arikan, SevketThe primary aim of this study was to determine the hair characteristics of Turkish Angora and Van cats, and also to see if there were seasonal, sex, age, or eye color effects on the traits measured. A total of 41 cats, 26 Turkish Angora and 15 Turkish Van, were used. The ages of the cats ranged from 1 to 8 years old. Analyzed traits included fiber diameter (FD), fiber lengths of hauteur (H) and barbe (B), fiber tenacity (T), and elongation (EL). Terms included in the statistical models were breed, season, sex, age, and eye colors of the cats and 2-way interactions that had P-values of less than 0.2 among the main effects. The difference in the FD of the Turkish Angora (23.5 mu m) and Van (25.6 mu m) cats was not significant (P = 0.0579). The H (27.5 versus 20.1 mm), B (33.1 versus 23.4 mm), and EL (33.8% versus 24.0%) values were all greater (P < 0.0001) for the Turkish Angora cats, while only the T value (12.1 versus 7.6 g/den) was greater (P = 0.0001) for the Turkish Van cats. Significant phenotypic correlations were found between FD and T (0.36, P = 0.0191), between H and B (0.98, P < 0.0001), between H and T (-0.58, P < 0.0001), between H and EL (0.31, P = 0.0480), between B and T (-0.56, P = 0.0001), and between B and EL (0.34, P = 0.0315). The present study defines the hair characteristics of the Turkish Angora and Van cats. These results may help to understand the phenotypes of these cats better and could also be a source for further studies.Öğe IMPACTS OF SPECIFIC CRYOPROTECTANTS ON SPERM FREEZING AND RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CRYODAMAGE AND OXIDATION STRESS PARAMETERS IN AWASSI RAM SPERM(Cryo Letters, 2021) Varisli, Omer; Erat, Serkan; Bozkaya, Faruk; Aydilek, Nurettin; Taskin, AbdullahBACKGROUND: The role of oxidative stress during cryoprotectant treatment has received little attention. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of different cryoprotectants and discover relationships between cryodamage and oxidative stress parameters on Awassi ram sperm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sperm samples diluted with Salamon's tris-citrate (TRIS) containing 20% centrifuged egg yolk and 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 M Glycerol (Gly), methanol (M), 2-methoxyethanol (2-ME), dimethylacetamide (DMA) and 1.2 propanediol (PR). After 2 h of equilibration at +4 degrees C, the sperm samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen vapour and stored. RESULTS: The best post-thaw motility (43.3%, 41.7%) of sperm was achieved when protected with 0.5 and 1.0 M glycerol. Arylesterase and ceruloplasmin parameters were significantly different after equilibration, whereas sulfhydryl groups were significantly different after freezing in their respective groups (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: The increased use of glycerol caused greater loss of motility. The role of oxidative stress in freezing was also found to be limited.Öğe Kangal köpeklerinde bazı biyokimyasal parametreler üzerine yaş ve cinsiyetin etkisi(2010) Çınar, Miyase; Erat, Serkan; Arıkan, Şevket; Mamak, Nuri; Oğrak, Yusuf Ziya; Güzel, MuratBu çalışma Kangal köpeklerinde bazı biyokimyasal parametreler üzerine yaş ve cinsiyetin etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada 40 ergin (1-10 yaş, 20 erkek ve 20 dişi) ve 32 genç (1-11 aylık, 12 erkek ve 20 dişi) olmak üzere toplam 72 sağlıklı Kangal köpeğinden alınan kan örneklerinin plazmalarında alanin aminotransferaz (ALT), ?-glutamil transpeptidaz (GGT) aktiviteleri, total kolesterol, total bilirubin, üre, total protein, albumin ve globulin düzeyleri belirlenmiştir. Ergin erkek köpeklere göre genç erkeklerde plazma total kolesterol düzeyi yüksek (p0.05), total protein ve globulin düzeyleri ise düşük (p0.01) bulunmuştur. Ergin dişi köpeklerde plazma GGT aktivitesi, total protein ve globulin düzeylerinin genç dişilere göre daha yüksek (p0.05) olduğu, total kolesterol (p0.01) ve total bilirubin (p0.05) düzeylerinin ise düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. Cinsiyet dikkate alındığında ise, genç köpeklerde plazma GGT aktivitesi ve albumin düzeyinin, ergin köpeklerde de total protein ve albumin seviyelerinin erkek köpeklerde dişi köpeklerden daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p0.05). Sonuç olarak, çalışmada elde edilen veriler, ülkemiz için genetik bir kaynak olan Kangal köpeklerinin bazı biyokimyasal parametrelerinin yaş ve cinsiyetten etkilendiğini göster- miştir. Ayrıca Kangal ırkına ait bazı biyokimyasal değerlere ait referans aralıklarının yaş ve cinsiyete göre belirlenme- siyle, hem klinisyenlere hem de Kangal köpekleriyle araştırma yapanlara katkı sağlayabileceği düşünülmektediÖğe Kırıkkale'de yetiştirilen koyunlarda Schmallenberg virüs seroprevalansı ve bazı coğrafi özelliklerle ilişkisi*(2017) Macun, Hasan Ceyhun; Azkur, Ahmet Kürşat; Kalender, Hakan; Erat, SerkanAvrupa'da 2011 yılında ruminantları etkileyen yeni bir virüs belirlenmiştir. Schmallenberg olarak isimlendirilen bu virüsün Türkiye'deki yaygınlığı üzerine yapılan çalışmalar oldukça sınırlı sayıdadır. Bu çalışmada; koyun yetiştiriciliğinde büyük ekonomik kayıplara neden olan Schmallenberg virüsün (SBV) seroprevalansı ve Culicoides'lerle nakledilmesinden dolayı bazı coğrafi özellikler (rakım, büyük su kaynaklarına yakın olması) ile seroprevalans arası ilişkinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, Kırıkkale merkez ve ilçelerinde, 684 ile 1219 m arası rakımda bulunan, 38 koyun sürüsündeki 1038 hayvandan (969 koyun, 69 koç) kan serum örneği alınarak ticari ELISA kiti ile SBV özgül antikorları yönünden değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaya alınan hayvanların yaşları 2 - 4 (n517), 4 - 6 (n474), 6 (n47) olarak gruplandırılmıştır. Örneklenen hayvanların %0.38'i (4/1038) pozitif, %0.57'si (6/1038) şüpheli olarak değerlendirilmiştir. SBV antikorları yönünden pozitif olarak belirlenen dört hayvanın birinin koç, üçünün koyun; şüpheli olarak değerlendirilen altı hayvanın ise birinin koç, beşinin koyun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Pozitif ve şüpheli olarak belirlenen hayvanların bulunduğu sürülerin belli bir rakımda yoğunlaşmadığı ve bu sürülerin yarısının büyük su kaynaklarına yakın olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. SBV yönünden pozitif örnek sayısı az olduğu için seroprevalansı ile yaş grupları, cinsiyet ve bazı coğrafi özellikler arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmemiştir. Kırıkkale'de yetiştirilen koyunlarda, SBV seroprevalansının araştırıldığı bu çalışma ile enfeksiyonun varlığı ilk kez ortaya konulmuş olup, abortus/anomalili yavru doğumları gözlenen sürülerde, söz konusu enfeksiyonun da araştırılmasının uygun olabileceği kanısına varılmıştır.Öğe Patates Posası Silajının Kuzularda Performans Üzerine Etkisi(2019) Şenyüz, Hasan Hüseyin; Karslı, Mehmet Akif; Erat, Serkan; Parıldar, Ömer OnurBu çalışma, rasyona arpa yerine saman ve kepek ile hazırlanmış patates posası silajı katılmasının yağlı kuyrukluAkkaraman ve ince kuyruklu Kıvırcık x Akkaraman (G1) melezi kuzularda besi performansı üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Denemede, izonitrojenik ve izokalorik iki farklı rasyon hazırlanmıştır. Kontrol grubu (arpabazlı), deneme grubu ise rasyondaki arpa miktarının KM bazında %10’u kadar patates posası silajı (patates posası silajıbazlı) içeren rasyondan oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada ortalama canlı ağırlıkları sırasıyla 30.20 ve 27.00 kg olan 6-7 aylık yaşta 28 Akkaraman, 52 Kıvırcık x Akkaraman (G1) erkek kuzu olmak üzere toplam 80 baş kuzu kullanılmıştır. Akkaramanve Kıvırcık x Akkaraman (G1) melezi kuzular başlangıç canlı ağırlıkları eşit olacak şekilde rastgele iki gruba dağıtılmışlar ve farklı 2 rasyonla 55 gün boyunca beslenmişlerdir. Günlük yem tüketimleri her iki haftada bir belirlenerek kurumadde bazında eşit tutulmuştur. Kuzuların canlı ağırlık artışları, günlük canlı ağırlık artışları ve yemden yararlanmaoranlarını belirlemek amacıyla her iki haftada bir canlı ağırlıkları tartılmıştır. Patates posası silajı tüketen Akkaramanve KıvırcıkxAkkaraman (G1) kuzuların toplam canlı ağırlık artışı (15.19 kg ve 13.83 kg) ve günlük canlı ağırlık artışı(0.28 kg ve 0.25 kg) arpa ile beslenen her iki ırk kuzulara benzer (14.95 kg ve 12.80 kg, 0.27 kg ve 0.23 kg) bulunmuştur(P>0.05), ancak, Akkaraman kuzuların yemden yararlanma oranları (3.92 kg ve 3.96 kg) Kıvırcık x Akkaraman (G1)melezlerine göre daha iyi (4.30 kg ve 4.59 kg) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma sonucunda arpanın enerji bakımındankuru madde bazında %10’u patates posası silajı ile ikame edilmesinin kuzuların besi performansı ve günlük canlı ağırlıkartışını olumlu yönde etkilediği belirlenmiştir.Öğe Protozoan and Microbial Pathogens of House Cats in the Province of Tekirdag in Western Turkey(Mdpi, 2021) Muz, Mustafa Necati; Erat, Serkan; Mumcuoglu, Kosta Y.Domestic felines' re-emerging infectious and neglected zoonotic diseases are a significant focus of global One Health efforts. This study aimed to rapidly diagnose 14 pathogens, including zoonoses by using PCR primers in 167 client-owned symptomatic cats, routinely accepted to the Veterinary Clinics of Tekirdag. The prevalence of pathogens investigated were as follows: Babesia canis canis (24%), Babesia microti (2.4%), Hepatozoon felis (10.8%), Cytauxzoon felis (6.6%), Bartonella henselae (40.1%), Anaplasma platys (30.5%), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (7.2%), Rickettsia felis (26.3%), Borrelia burgdorferi (21%), and hemotropic Mycoplasma sp. (11.4%). There was a significant difference between the prevalence of the pathogens (chi(2) = 152.26, df = 9, p < 0.001). There was also a statistical difference between the gender of the cats in terms of the prevalence of all pathogens considered together (chi(2) = 4.80, df = 1, p = 0.028), where the female cats showed a higher prevalence. This was not the case for the different age groups (chi(2) = 2.92, df = 1, p = 0.088). The lowest infection was observed for B. microti (p < 0.001), while the highest infection was observed for B. henselae (p < 0.01). Leishmania donovani, Plasmodium spp., Ehrlichia chaffeensis, and Neoehrlichia mikurensis PCR test results were negative in all samples. In conclusion, house cats of Tekirdag are apparently highly susceptible to some neglected zoonoses important for One Health, and their prevalence in the region is most probably underestimated. Hence, applying PCR tests to assist fast clinic diagnosis in routine, may be an efficient option to protect the public as well as the cats from severe diseases.Öğe The results of consecutive superovulations in cows by induction with various exogenous progesterone routes(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2014) Akyol, Numan; Kizil, Sedat Hamdi; Satilmis, Muharrem; Karasahin, Tahir; Erat, SerkanThe aim of this study was to determine the possibility of yielding more transferable embryos from cows superovulated with/without exogenous progesterone (ear implant and intravaginal device). Two experiments were conducted in Holstein Friesian cows to evaluate the effect of exogenous progesterone on the yield of corpus luteum (CL), total embryo and ova, and transferable embryos before superovulation. A superovulation program using 2 different progesterone resources was applied (G1 = intravaginal device, G2 = ear implant). Superovulation and uterus irrigations were done at 28-day intervals in the treatment groups. Cows in the control group were superovulated at 60-day intervals without application of exogenous progesterone. The mean numbers of CLs and transferable embryos for the G1, G2, and control groups were, respectively 4.82 +/- 0.29, 6.71 +/- 0.29, and 7.81 +/- 0.31 for CLs and 0.86 +/- 0.35, 3.50 +/- 0.35, and 1.53 +/- 0.39 for transferable embryos. It was shown that exogenous manipulation of the estrus cycle by progesterone could be applied without superovulation intervals in Holstein cows. It may also be postulated that the ear implant was more effective than the intravaginal device as a progesterone source in the superovulation program.Öğe Seroprevalance of Schmallenberg virus and its relationship with some geographical features in sheep reared in Kirikkale(Ankara Univ Press, 2017) Macun, Hasan Ceyhun; Azkur, Ahmet Kursat; Kalender, Hakan; Erat, SerkanA virus, which effects ruminants, was firstly described in 2011 in Europe. There are limited information about this virus called Schmallenberg in Turkey. The aim of the present study was to determine the seroprevalance of Schmallenberg virus (SBV), which may cause major economic losses to sheep, and the association between seroprevalance and some geographical features (e.g. altitude, near a large water source) because of transmission by Culicoides spp. Blood samples from 1038 animals (969 ewes, 69 rams) in 38 flocks were collected and evaluated with a commercial ELISA kit in terms of specific antibody for SBV in centrum and eight towns of Kirikkale, where the altitudes ranges from 684 to 1219 meters. Age groups of the animals were determined as >= 2 - <4 (n= 517), >= 4 - <6 (n= 474) and >= 6 (n= 47) years old. The samples of Schmallenberg virus specific antibody detected as positive and suspected were 0.38% (4/1038) and 0.57% (6/1038), respectively. One out of four Schmallenberg virus specific antibody positive animals was ram, the others were ewes. On the other hand, one out of six Schmallenberg virus specific antibody suspected animals was ram, the others were ewes. The flocks of the animals with the virus specific antibody positive and suspected animals were not in places with the certain altitudes and the half of those flocks were not close to large water sources. Due to the limited numbers of animals with the virus specific antibody positive, no statistical analysis were performed to see the association between the seroprevalance of the virus and gender, age of the animals and the geographical features of the places. This study that is first investigation about Schmallenberg virus seroprevalence in sheep in Kirikkale, showed the presence of the virus specific antibody. It was also thought that this virus should be considered as the cause of abortion and malformed births in flocks.Öğe Siyah alaca ırkı ineklerde laktasyon sayısının ve üreme durumunun pik süt verimi ve bazı döl verim özelliklerine etkisi(2013) Erat, Serkan; Kalender, Hakan; Çelik, OlguBu çalışmada, Konya ili çevresinde özel bir çiftlikte yetiştirilen Siyah Alaca ineklerin pik süt verimi ve bazı döl verim özelliklerine laktasyon sayısının ve üreme durumunun etkisini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Laktasyon sayısı, 1 (n105), 2 (n97), 3 (n42), 4 (n72) ve 5 (n24) olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada pik süt verimi (PSV), buzağılama aralığı (BA), gebelik başına tohumlama sayısı (GBTS) ve servis periyodu uzunluğu (SP) incelenmiştir. Laktasyon sayısı (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) en küçük kareler ortalamaları sırasıyla; PSV (24.111.89, 32.901.33, 33.282.57, 29.471.58, 35.721.62 kg), BA (528.7729.45, 438.3720.78, 417.1840.07, 406.5724.63, 424.4625.27 gün), GBTS (2.560.46, 1.920.33, 2.030.63, 1.760.39, 2.260.40) ve SP (137.6313.00, 96.609.17, 92.9417.69, 85.4610.87, 77.8111.16 gün) olarak belirlenmiştir. Üreme durumu (abort, açık, gebe, tohumlanmış) en küçük kareler ortalamaları sırasıyla; PSV (30.581.38, 32.131.88, 29.600.40, 34.590.79 kg), BA (510.6622.18, 403.4730.38, 418.416.50, 390.6412.81 gün), GBTS (3.110.35, 1.230.48, 2.020.10, 1.690.20) ve SP (90.949.89, 115.8713.54, 87.342.90, 84.785.71 gün) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Laktasyon sayısının, PSV (P0.001), BA (P0.05) ve SP (P0.01), üreme durumunun PSV (P0.001), BA (P0.001) ve GBTS (P0.01) üzerinde önemli etkisi olmuştur. PSV ve BA (-0.12; P0.05), PSV ve GBTS (-0.19; P0.001), BA ve GBTS (0.71; P0.001), BA ve SP (0.29; P0.001) ve GBTS ve SP (- 0.14; P0.01) arasında önemli fenotipik korelasyonlar bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak bu çiftlikte yetiştirilen Siyah Alaca ineklerde bazı döl verim özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi için daha iyi bakım, besleme ve sürü idaresinin uygulanması gerekmektedir.Öğe Using of Honeybee (Apis mellifera) Venom in Broiler Breeding(Bursa Uludag University, 2022) Eser, Erva; Erat, SerkanThe aim of the study is to examine the studies on the use of honey bee venom (Apis mellifera) in broiler chickens in the form of a systematic review. Apitherapy can be defined as an alternative treatment method using bee products. Bee venom (apitoxin) is used in apitherapy as well as commonly known and consumed products such as honey, pollen, propolis and royal jelly. Thanks to the peptides, enzymes and active amines it contains, bee venom is a substance that is frequently studied in cancer research and a product that has important effects on the immune system. Several studies have been conducted on the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of bee venom, as well as its effects on developmental performance. In the studies, honey bee venom was used as a water and feed additive or by spraying in the hive. Honey bee venom added to drinking water was reported to significantly affect growth performance, its use as a feed additive had beneficial effects on immune system and liver functions, and its diluted form was effective against Salmonella gallinorum when sprayed into the pen by aerosol. Administration of honey bee venom extract to day-old chicks has a positive effect on growth, development and immune system. Studies on the use of honey bee venom as a feed additive in different animal species are also continuing. In this study, the effects of adding honey bee venom at different ages, in different ratios and in different ways in broiler production were investigated. © 2022 Uludag Aricilik Dergisi. All rights reserved.
