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Öğe Assessment of soft tissue changes after LeFort I advancement(SPRINGER, 2021) Akan, Burcin; Gokce, Gokcenur; Unal, Beyza Karadede; Erhamza, Turkan SezenPurpose The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the soft tissue changes after maxillary advancement in class III patients. Methods Pre- and post-operative lateral cephalometric radiographs of 20 patients treated with maxillary advancement surgery were included in our study. Skeletal, dental and soft tissue measurements were performed by a single researcher using Dolphin Imaging software version 11.95 (Dolphin Imaging, Chatsworth, CA, USA). Pairedttest was used for statistical evaluation andp < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The amount of motion in soft tissues, respectively, are UL-E: 2.05 mm, ST.A: 0.65 mm, ST.B: - 5 mm, ST.Pog: - 5.73 mm, ST.Conv: - 3.95 mm, nasal prominence: - 1.58 mm, nasal height: 2.76 mm and upper lip length: 2.22 mm. The change of distance to horizontal and vertical reference planes are, respectively, Prn-HRL: 3.02 mm Prn-VRL: 1.76 mm Sn-HRL: 2.76 mm Sn-VRL: 2.94 mm ST.A-HRL: 3.74 mm ST.A-VRL: 3.81 mm UL-HL: 3.93 mm UL-VRL: 4.57 mm LL-HRL: 2.29 mm LL-VRL: 5.31 mm. Conclusions It can be concluded that soft tissues related to maxilla moved anteriorly due to maxillary advancement.Öğe Comparison of the effectiveness of two different pain assessment methods in different orthodontic procedures(Kerman Univ Medical Sciences, 2024) Cigerim, Saadet Cinarsoy; Erhamza, Turkan Sezen; Bayzed, JamilBackground: This study compares two pain ratings that patients use to indicate how uncomfortable they are during bonding and the collection of orthodontic registration material. Methods: Two hundred people, ages eleven to twenty, participated in the study; 125 were female and 75 were male. The participants' discomfort levels were assessed during bonding operations and the initial registration material collection using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the facial pain scale (FPS). During the first registration material collection in oral photography, dental impressions, X-rays, bonding operations, lip retractor insertion, polishing, acid and sealing, and bracket application, pain levels were recorded. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the data between groups, while the Wilcoxon and Friedman tests were used to analyze the data within groups. The gathered data were statistically analyzed with a significance threshold of 5%. Results: There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the VAS and FPS scales when evaluating pain during intraoral photography, the dental impression procedure, X-rays, lip retractor insertion, polishing, acid and sealing, and bracket bonding (0.537< r < 0.734; P = 0.001). A statistically significant positive connection was also discovered when the gender difference was included (0.261 0.42; P= 0.001). Conclusion: Similar information was obtained during the orthodontic initial registration and bonding procedures using two different pain assessment instruments. It is also believed to make it possible to compare research using different pain scales.Öğe COMPARISON OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL CEPHALOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS OF DIFFERENT POPULATIONS(2023) Ozkan, Ozum Dasdemır; Erhamza, Turkan Sezen; Ozdıller, Ferabi ErhanObjective: The purpose of this study is to compare three-dimensional cephalometric measurements of the skeleton and dentoalveolar region between Turkish individuals and individuals from other populations. Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective study using cone beam computed tomography images (CBCT). Individuals have no missing teeth, are between the ages of 18 and 30, have a balanced profile, and have an Angle Class I relationship. The CBCT images were obtained in DICOM format and analyzed in DOLPHIN 11.8 software. 61 parameters were measured on the CBCT images, and 14 parameters were contrasted with individuals from other populations. Results: Mandibular values were more protrusive in Korean and Chinese populations than in Turkish and Cypriot individuals. Similarly, upper facial height (N- ANS distance) was found to be much higher. It was found that the length of the mandibular corpus was shorter and the angle of convexity was higher in Turks and Cypriots than in Koreans and Chinese populations. Conclusion: Ethnic facial and skeletal characteristics play a fundamental role in the outcome and course of orthodontic treatment. Gender differences also play an important role when facial sizes and proportions are compared in different societies.Öğe Comparison of zygoma plates and infrazyaomatic crest miniscrews used open bite treatment: A 3-dimensiona finite element study(Mosby-Elsevier, 2022) Carpar, Kubra Arslan; Erhamza, Turkan SezenIntroduction: This study aimed to evaluate infrazygomatic crest (IZC) miniscrews, which represent a new approach to maxillary posterior tooth intrusion and extra-alveolar skeletal anchorage, using 3-dimensional finite element stress analysis to predict the clinical usability instead of zygoma plates. Methods: Six different models were developed. The direction of the intrusion force was generated parallel to the maxillary first molar, and the posterior bite-block intrusion appliance was connected with 2 steel arches. A zygoma plate, stainless steel (SS)-IZC miniscrew, and a titanium alloy (TiA)-IZC miniscrew were used as anchorage units, and 200 g and 400 g of intrusion forces were applied. The cortical bone, spongious bone, stress values, and displacements in the anchorage unit were examined. The anchored materials were considered nonosseointegrated. Results: Zygoma plates formed low-stress values under 200 g and 400 g of force. The greatest stress and displacement occurred in the first miniscrew that fixed the plate. SS-IZC miniscrews gave lower stress and displacement values than TiA-IZC miniscrews. The most stress was detected inferior to the screw-to-bone contact in IZC miniscrews. Conclusions: Considering the initial value of resorption in cortical bone, it is predicted that SS-IZC and TiA-IZC miniscrews can be used in the clinic under 200 g of intrusion force, although there is not as little stress and displacement as for zygoma plates. Under 400 g of intrusion force, clinical use cannot be recommended because of the critical stress value they generate in the cortical bone.Öğe Does Appliance Design Affect Treatment Outcomes of Class II Division 1 Malocclusion? A Two-Center Retrospective Study(Uab Stilus Optimus, 2021) Akan, Burcin; Erhamza, Turkan SezenObjectives: The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the pre- and post-treatment values of patients treated with monoblock and twin-block appliances with the values of the skeletal Class I individuals. Material and Methods: The initial lateral cephalometric radiographs of the pubertal untreated skeletal class I patients and cephalometric radiographs of 60 (30 monoblock, 30 twin-block) patients before and after the functional treatment were included in the study. Skeletal, dental, and soft tissue measurements were performed by a single researcher using Dolphin Imaging software version 11.95 (Dolphin Imaging, Chatsworth, CA, USA). Paired t-test was used for statistical evaluation and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In both monoblock and twin-block groups, there was a statistically significant increase in the measurements of the lower jaw and the vertical direction values (sella nasion B point (SNB), pogonion nasion perpendicular, Y-axis, sella nasiongonion gnathion, palatal-mandibular angle, anterior facial height, mandibular length P < 0.05); however, in the Twin-block group, the lower jaw was found to be displaced more forward (change for twin-block; SNB = 2.35, Wits appraisal = -4.77). The most measurements of the twin-block treated group were similar to the control group. Conclusions: Both functional appliances have been identified to be useful in achieving treatment targets; however, with twinblock, results closer to ideal values are obtained.Öğe Effect of body mass index percentile on skeletal maturation of cervical vertebrae and hand-wrist and dental maturation(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2020) Erhamza, Turkan Sezen; Kilicaslan, Yagmur; Unver, Fatma NazikObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between age- and gender-specific body mass index (BMI) percentile and skeletal and dental maturation in Turkish adolescents. Materials and methods: A sample of 429 patients (171 males, 258 females aged between 7 and 17 years) was selected. Skeletal maturation was identified in the hand-wrist radiography by Bjork, Grave and Brown (BGB), and the cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM) method defined by Hassel and Farman in lateral cephalometric radiography. Dental maturation was determined by the Demirjian method. BMI was calculated by reference curves used for Turkish children. A regression model was used for the relationship between BMI percentile and skeletal and dental maturation. Results: There was no significant correlation between BMI and skeletal maturation of cervical vertebrae and dental maturation. A one-percentile increase in BMI percentile accelerates the increase of period (likelihood of being post-pubertal period) to 1.016 times (p < .05). Skeletal maturation of hand-wrist and cervical vertebrae and dental maturation were more prominent in females compared to males (p < .05). Males and females were not statistically significantly different in BMI percentile (p = .52). Conclusions: BMI may be considered before deciding to estimate the skeletal and dental maturation in an individual by the relevant methods.Öğe Effect of rapid maxillary expansion on halitosis(Mosby-Elsevier, 2018) Erhamza, Turkan Sezen; Ozdiler, Ferabi ErhanIntroduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on halitosis. Methods: Thirty children (11-15 years old) were randomly divided into RME and control groups. The RME group consisted of 15 children treated with hyrax appliances, and the control group included 15 children without treatment. Halitosis was evaluated with the halimeter and the organoleptic method. Plaque index and gingival index scores were recorded. Acoustic rhinometry was used to measure the nasal volume. Measurements were obtained at 2 times: before RME, and after retention at 4 months. The Wilcoxon signed rank test and the paired t test were used for intragroup comparisons, and the Mann-Whitney U test and the Student t test were used for intergroup comparisons. Results: Halitosis (halimeter and organoleptic values) decreased significantly in the RME group (P <0.001). Insignificant changes of halitosis were observed in the control group. Intragroup and intergroup comparisons showed no statistically significant differences for the plaque index. Gingival index values were significantly decreased with RME (P < 0.05). Nasal cavity volume increased significantly in the RME group (P <0.01). Conclusion: RME was shown to lower halitosis values. RME could be a treatment option for patients with maxillary transverse deficiency and halitosis.Öğe Evaluation of awareness and knowledge of orthodontic treatment among primary and secondary school students: A cross-sectional epidemiological school study(Scientific Scholar Llc, 2021) Cigerim, Saadet Cinarsoy; Erhamza, Turkan SezenObjectives: The aim of this cross-sectional research was to compare the knowledge and awareness of students in two different provinces of eastern and western Turkey about orthodontic treatment and to evaluate the awareness of orthodontic treatment among primary and secondary school students. Materials and Methods: A total of 2342 students between the ages of 7 and 15 were included in the study. The questionnaire consisted of a total of 30 questions, including questions about demographics and orthodontic treatment. 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th and, 8th-grade students were included in the study. The survey was conducted in selected schools in district centers of Van and Izmir. Results: The number of students participating in the study from Izmir was 855 (452 girls, 403 boys), and 1487 (724 boys, 763 girls) from Van. Female students' orthodontic awareness was higher than male students. There was also a statistically significant difference in the examinations conducted by cities. The students in Izmir were determined to be more conscious about orthodontic awareness in the majority of the questions in the survey. There were statistically significant differences between primary and secondary school students in terms of orthodontic awareness as a result of evaluating the primary and secondary schools separately. Secondary school students had a higher level of orthodontic awareness. Conclusion: Students' orthodontic awareness and deficiencies in this respect were determined. It was concluded that orthodontic awareness was affected by age group, gender, and socio-economic and socio-cultural structure of the city.Öğe Evaluation of changes in the maxillary sinus of orthodontic patients with maxillary molar distalization using cone-beam computed tomography(Mosby-Elsevier, 2023) Cigerim, Saadet Cinarsoy; Kaya, Sema; Cigerim, Levent; Erhamza, Turkan Sezen; Bayzed, JamilIntroduction: This study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of maxillary molar distalization on maxillary sinus mucosa thickness and sinus volume in 3-dimensions. Methods: The study was conducted with 46 patients: 73.9% (n = 34) females and 26.1% (n = 12) males. The patients had a mean age of 27.89 & PLUSMN; 6.62 years, ranging from 18 to 45 years. The study included patients who were admitted to the Faculty of Dentistry at Van Yueurozueuroncueuro Yil University between 2010 and 2021 and underwent cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) before and after orthodontic treatment for various reasons. The CBCT scans of patients were divided into 2 groups: the first group underwent orthodontic treatment and maxillary molar distalization with Class II elastic, whereas the second group consisted of patients who did not get orthodontic treatment (control). In CBCTs, sinus mucosa thickness was measured on the anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, superior, and inferior walls of the maxillary right and left sinuses. Three-dimensional volume calculations were made using CBCT images taken before and after the treatment of both orthodontic treatment patients and control patients. Statistical significance was set at P <0.05. Results: The orthodontic treatment group had a mean distalization of 2.86 & PLUSMN; 0.27 mm. The mean distalization time was 8.01 & PLUSMN; 0.64 months. When the differences between the pretreatment and posttreat-ment CBCT scans were examined in terms of sinus mucosa thickness in the anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, and superior walls of the right and left sinuses, there was no statistically significant difference between treatment and control groups (P >0.05). The change in sinus mucosa thickness in the right and left sinus inferior wall from T1 to T2 was significantly higher in the control group than treatment group (P <0.05). In addition, the increase in maxillary sinus volume was statistically significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusions: We observed that maxillary molar distalization caused an increase in maxillary sinus volume. The change in sinus mucosa thickness in the right and left sinus inferior wall was lower in the maxillary molar distalization group. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2023;164:78-88)Öğe Identification of Maxillofacial Problems in Extraoral Photographs by Panel Members: A Pilot Study(Aves, 2019) Kilicaslan, Yagmur; Erhamza, Turkan Sezen; Ozdiler, Ferabi ErhanObjective: The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the profile and frontal photographs in determining sagittal maxillofacial problems by the panel members created from different professional groups. Methods: Frontal and profile photographs of four individuals with skeletal Class I, Class II Division 1, Class II Division 2, and Class III malocclusion were assessed by panel members. A total of 42 panel members from 7 different professions participated in the study. Panel members were asked to choose one of the frontal or profile photographs to be used in determining the maxillofacial problem. Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Fisher's exact test were applied to evaluate the difference between the panelists. Results: Of the 42 panel members, 16% selected frontal photographs, and 84% selected profile photographs. There were no statistically significant differences between seven panels with regard to photography selection (p>0.05). When all panel members were compared with regard to gender, 17.9% of the frontal photographs and 82.1% of the profile photographs were selected by females, whereas 15.4% of the frontal photographs and 84.6% of the profile photographs were chosen by males. There was no statistically significant difference between males and females (p>0.05). Conclusion: It was found that the profile photograph was more preferred and informative in determining the sagittal maxillofacial problem.Öğe Transversal craniofacial development between skeletal maturation stages: A multi-center posteroanterior cephalometric study(Scientific Scholar Llc, 2022) Erhamza, Turkan Sezen; Akan, Burcin; Cigerim, Saadet Cinarsoy; Korkmaz, Yasemin Nur; Unver, Fatma NazikObjectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the dentofacial transversal norms according to the stages of skeletal maturation in growing Turkish individuals and to determine differences between the genders. Material and Methods: In our multi-centered, cross-sectional retrospective study in which transversal measurements were made according to skeletal maturation stages (SMSs), posteroanterior radiographs of 572 individuals (292 female, 280 male) with skeletal and dental Class I relationships and good occlusion were examined at the age range of 7-18 years. SMSs were determined using Bjork, Grave and Brown hand-wrist radiography. A linear regression model was used for changes of transversal measurements between SMSs, and t-test was used to determine transverse changes between the genders. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between females and males in cranial, facial, and nasal width values up to SMSs. In maxillary, mandibular, maxillary intermolar, and mandibular intermolar width measurements, males had higher values in most stages of skeletal maturation compared to females. Apart from nasal width and maxillomandibular ratio values in females, the regression model in which transversal measurements were dependent variables, and SMS were independent variables was found to be significant. According to cumulative growth percentages, the growth completion in transversal measurements occurred earlier in females. Conclusion: Transversal measurements determined according to the stages of skeletal maturation can be a guide for orthodontists in the clinic to determine values that deviate from normal.
