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    Diagnostic value of oxidative stress markers in patients presenting with primary dysmenorrhea to the emergency department
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022) Eroglu, O.; Comertpay, E.; Vural, S.; Badem, N. Dindar; Isbasaran, P.; Neselioglu, S.; Erel, O.
    Background and Aim: Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a common presentation for emergency departments. This study investigates the diagnostic value of oxidative stress and ischemia markers in patients with PD. Materials and Methods: The participants were classified into the PD group (patients with PD) and the control group (healthy volunteers). Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis (TDH) parameters (Ds, Disulfide; NT, Native Thiol; TT, Total Thiol) and serum ischemia modified albumin (IMA) levels of the groups were measured. The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) was used for pain assessment. Bivariate correlation analysis was performed to test the relationship between NRS and oxidative stress parameters. A P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 135 patients (PD group, n = 83; Control group, n = 52) were included in the study. PD group had statistically higher oxidant biomarkers (Ds level, Ds/NT ratio and Ds/TT ratio) and lower antioxidant biomarkers (NT/TT ratio) compared to the control group (p = 0.001; 0.003; 0.002, and 0.002, respectively). Serum IMA level in the PD group was higher than in the control group (P = 0.000). There was a positive correlation between IMA and NRS score (r = 0.342, P < 0.01), but no correlation was found between the other oxidative stress parameters and NRS. Conclusions: PD is characterized by increased oxidative stress and ischemia in the endometrium, which can be detected by TDH parameters and serum IMA. NRS score in PD patients is positively correlated with serum IMA level, which suggests IMA level can be valuable to determine the severity of endometrial ischemia and pain in patients with PD.
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    The Effect of Gender Differences in Protracted Hiccups
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2018) Eroglu, O.
    Background: Although little importance is attached to hiccups, they may be associated with several diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of gender differences on types of hiccups and the relation with diseases involved in the etiology. Materials and Methods: Patients presenting to the Kirikkale University Medical Faculty Hospital with hiccups were investigated retrospectively. Patients' age, sex, duration of hiccups, additional diseases, advanced imaging results, laboratory tests, and clinical follow-up were recorded. Patients were divided into two groups; Group transient hiccup (TH) consisted of subjects with a duration of hiccups less than 48 h, and Group protracted hiccup (PH) of patients with a duration exceeding 48 h. The Chi-square test was used for comparisons, and P < 0.05 were regarded as significant. Results: Eighty-four patients were enrolled, 44.1% (n = 37) in Group TH, and 55.9% (n = 47) in Group PH. Male patients comprised 67.5% (n = 25) of Group TH and 89.4% (n = 42) of Group PH (P = 0.027). The conditions most associated with hiccups were gastrointestinal system (GIS) diseases. Correlation was determined between GIS diseases and male gender (P = 0.034), no relation between other system diseases and gender. Correlation was determined between GIS diseases and protracted hiccups (P = 0.037), but no relation between other system diseases and type of hiccups. Conclusion: Protracted hiccups are more common in males. This gender variation applies particularly to hiccups of GIS origin.