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    Inserting of heuristic techniques into the stability regions for multiarea load frequency control systems with time delays
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Saka, Mustafa; Sönmez, Şahin; Eke, İbrahim; Gözde, Haluk; Taplamacıoğlu, Müslüm Cengiz; Ayasun, Saffet
    The design and optimization of robust controller parameters are required to improve the controller perfor-mances and to keep the stability of load frequency control (LFC) system. In addition, reducing the number of iterations and computational time is very important for swiftly tuning of the controller parameters and the system to reach stability rapidly. For this purpose, this study presents the inserting of heuristic optimization techniques into stability regions method identified in proportional-integral (PI) controllers space for multiarea LFC systems with communication time delays (CTDs). This method consists of two steps: determination of stability region for the system and application of heuristics. Stability region for the system is found via stability boundary locus (SBL) and moth-flame optimization (MFO), particle swarm optimization (PSO), sine cosine algorithm (SCA), slime mould algorithm (SMA) and whale optimization algorithm (WOA) are inserted and applied to this region. In addition, a cost function having time domain specifications is developed for improving the performances of LFC and it is compared with the well-known integral error functions. Also, the robust stability region, which tolerates any system parameter and any time delay variation, is identified and the significance of this region is given for robustness analysis. It is observed from the analyses that better system outputs have been obtained with developed cost function. Steady state errors are minimized and transient state performances are improved with the proposed method. Moreover, desired system performances have been achieved with lower computational time and iteration number (approximately more than about 89% reduced according to classical approach) without deteriorating the stable structure of the system by the proposed method.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Neural network based heuristic fractional order adaptive PID-controller for eliminating communication time delay in multi-area LFC
    (Wiley, 2022) Saka, Mustafa; Gözde, Haluk; Eke, İbrahim; Taplamacıoğlu, M. Cengiz
    Communication of interconnected power system components with each other and with control centers is provided by using various communication links. However, these links can cause significant time delays (TD) depending on the types, distance and conditions of the communication channel. In addition to temporary time delays caused by the time constants of the components due to system failures, this article draws attention to the negative effects that may be caused by permanent communication time delays in particular, as different from the literature. The communication time delays can disrupt the stable operation of power systems and even cause the whole system to breakdown by making it unstable, when combining with other delays. In the study, the fiber-optic (F/O) links are assumed to commonly use in supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems and the communication time delays are calculated based on this scenario. However, it is no doubt that less used radio frequency (RF)-links will create more time delays. Moreover, to eliminate the negative effects of these types of time delays, a novel neural network based-heuristic fractional order hybrid adaptive proportional-integral-derivative (ML-H-(PID mu)-D-lambda) controller for multi area load frequency control (LFC) scheme is developed and analyzed.