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Öğe A research on Babesia and Theileria species in sheep and goats of Kirikkale province through molecular methods(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2021) Gokpinar, Sami; Gazyagci, Aycan Nuriye; Aydenizoz, Meral; Kaya, UfukThe aim of the present study was to determine presence and prevalence of Babesia and Theileria species in the sheep and goats of stock farming in the province of Kirikkale, which is in Central Anatolia Region of Turkey through microscopic examination and RLB method. Venous blood samples of 3 mL were collected from vena jugularis of 300 sheep and 100 goats into tubes containing EDTA. Blood smears were prepared from samples; and stained by Giemsa and examined for Theileria and Babesia under a light microscope. Genomic DNAs were extracted from blood samples with EDTA through suitable methods; a region with a length of 360 to 430 bp on variable region V4 of the 18 ssu rRNA gene of Theileria and Babesia species were proliferated; PCR products obtained were hybridized on a membrane where species-specific probes. Piroplasms were detected in 54 (18%) sheep and in none of the goats during microscopic examination of blood smears. With the RLB technique; T. ovis 70%, Theileria sp. 2.3%, B. ovis 5.3%, T. ovis + B. ovis 2.7% were detected in sheep. In goats; T. ovis was detected at a rate of 1%. Consequently, this study is the first for detection of Theileria and Babesia species in sheep and goats in Kirikkale. Presence of T. ovis and B. ovis in the sheep, and T. ovis in goats was detected in Kirikkale.Öğe Evaluation of biochemical parameters and oxidative stress in sheep naturally infected with Dicrocoelium dendriticum and hydatid cysts(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2018) Cinar, Miyase; Aydenizoz, Meral; Gokpinar, Sami; Camkerten, GuzinThe purpose of the study was to investigate the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status as well as biochemical profile in sheep naturally infected with Dicrocoelium dendriticum and hydatid cysts. Ten sheep naturally infected with D. dendriticum, 10 sheep naturally infected with hydatid cysts, and 10 healthy sheep were used. The blood and visceral organs of sheep brought to a slaughterhouse in the region of Kirikkale were checked for D. dendriticum and hydatid cysts. Plasma total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, Ca, Mg, inorganic P, Cu, Zn, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, erythrocyte MDA levels, and SOD and CAT activities were detected. Erythrocyte MDA, plasma total bilirubin levels, and AST and ALP activities were increased while total protein and vitamin A levels were decreased in sheep infected with parasites. Erythrocyte SOD activities were decreased in D. dendriticum group, and CAT activities were decreased in the hydatid cyst group and D. dendriticum group. Total bilirubin levels were increased and total protein levels were decreased in sheep infected with parasites. These results suggest that endoparasitic infections such as D. dendriticum and hydatid cysts cause oxidative stress and change some biochemical parameters in sheep.Öğe Extracellular Trap Formation by Donkey Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils Against Toxoplasma gondii(Elsevier Science Inc, 2019) Yildiz, Kader; Gokpinar, Sami; Sursal, Neslihan; Babur, Cahit; Ozen, Dogukan; Azkur, Ahmet KursatToxoplasma (T.) gondii is an obligatory intracellular apicomplexan parasite. The donkey is one of the intermediate hosts of T. gondii. There are almost no data about T. gondii infection in donkeys, apart from a few seroprevalence reports. The aim of the study was to detect the formation of extracellular traps by donkey polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) when exposed to T. gondii tachyzoites in vitro. Tachyzoites were observed to be entrapped within extracellular traps (NET) structures. Myeloperoxidase, neutrophil elastase (NE), and histone (H3) were observed in NET structures. NE and reactive oxygen species activity increased with time and was higher in the PMN-tachyzoite cocultures. Some tachyzoites were seen close localization to the nucleus of neutrophils. Degranulation and extracellular traps were observed simultaneously in some donkey neutrophils after incubation for 1 hour. The tachyzoite invasion rate decreased in PMN-tachyzoite cocultures in comparison to the controls. NETs can negatively affect the viability of entrapped tachyzoites in addition to their action of physical entrapment. NE may play a key role in the viability of T. gondii in donkeys. The amount of extracellular DNA increased with incubation time in the PMN-tachyzoite cocultures (P < .001). This is a first report regarding the formation of donkeys NETs after exposure to T. gondii tachyzoites in vitro. Unlike sheep and cattle PMN, degranulation and extracellular traps developed in the same neutrophil. Further studies focusing on signaling pathways may shed light on what determines the behavior of donkey neutrophils after exposure to T. gondii. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Genotyping of Echinococcus granulosus obtained from cattle slaughtered in Kirikkale Province(Ankara Univ Press, 2017) Gokpinar, Sami; Degirmenci, Rukiye; Yildiz, KaderStrain differences are responsible from some important differences such as host specifity, growth rate, antigenic properties, sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents, transmission dynamics and epidemiological variations in Echinococcus granulosus. In this study, it was aimed to detection strain identification of E. granulosus obtained from liver and lungs of cattle slaughtered in Kirikkale region. For this aim, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and 12S rRNA genes of E. granulosus isolates amplified by specific primers and then COI gene sequence was made. In the present study, the isolates were identified as G1-G3 complex according to COI sequencing results.Öğe Investigation of Neospora caninum tissue cysts in cattle(Ankara Univ Press, 2017) Yildiz, Kader; Gokpinar, SamiIn this study, it was aimed to detect N. caninum seroprevalence in 200 cattle randomly selected and to detect tissue cysts of N. caninum in tissue samples of brain and skeletal muscles of the seropositive cattle. Seropositivity of N. caninum was detected in 5.5% of cattle (11/200). N caninum tissue cysts were not observed in tissue samples of cattle examined with percoll gradient centrifugation. However, N. caninum DNA was amplified in brain tissues of two seropositive bulls (18.1%).Öğe Investigation of the prophylactic and therapeutic effectiveness of oral thyme extract in rats experimentally infected with cryptosporidium parvum(Springer, 2023) Kara, Erdal; Duru, Sibel Yasa; Gokpinar, Sami; Duru, Ozkan; Sevin, Sedat; Senel, Yasin; Kaya, UfukIn this study, the prophylactic and therapeutic activities of thyme extract at different concentrations against experimental Cryptosporidium parvum infection in immunosuppressed rats were investigated. Thyme extract was prepared at four different concentrations (10%, 30%, 50%, and 100%) and administered as a single oral dose of 1 mL for evaluation of its prophylactic efficacy. Five consecutive days after infection was detected in all rats, therapeutic evaluations were also performed. According to the results obtained by daily counting of oocysts in stools, the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of thyme extract administration were significant in comparison to the control group (P<0.01). Oocyst shedding continued in the control group at high numbers from the beginning to the end of the study, while oocyst counts in the prophylaxis groups remained low throughout the study. On the other hand, oocyst excretion rates were high in the therapeutic groups and decreased rapidly after thyme extract administration. At the end of the study, oocyst excretion had completely stopped for some rats administered thyme extract. There was no group in which oocyst shedding ceased for all rats. No significant differences were observed in the therapeutic or prophylaxis groups regarding the doses administered (P > 0.01). Renal and hepatic functions were monitored by measuring urea, creatinine, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase levels before and after thyme extract administration. As a result, it was concluded that oral thyme extract administration at the doses applied in this study is effective and safe in the prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of experimental cryptosporidiosis in rats.Öğe Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in sheep meats purchased from retail stores in Central Anatolia, Turkey(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2015) Yildiz, Kader; Piskin, Fatma Cigdem; Utuk, Armagan Erdem; Gokpinar, SamiToxoplasmosis is one of the most important foodborne parasitic diseases of humans. In particular, sheep muscles are significant sources of infection in the transmission of toxoplasmosis. Carnivorism is the most important transmission route for human populations. The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii tissue cysts in sheep meats in retail stores of Turkey. A total of 250 boneless sheep meat samples were purchased from randomly selected retail stores in different locations of Ankara and Kirikkale provinces of Turkey. The homogenized meat samples were centrifuged with Percoll dilutions. The tissue cysts were removed by pipette and analyzed under light microscope. Additionally, nested PCR was used to detect T. gondii DNA in the meat samples. Tissue cysts were observed in 21.2% of the meat samples with Percoll gradient centrifugation. The prevalences of the tissue cysts were detected as 20.8% in the meat samples obtained from Ankara and 22.4% from Kirikkale (P > 0.05). T. gondii DNA was detected in 40.8% of the meat samples with nested PCR.Öğe Prevelance of Coenurosis in Clinically Healthy Sheep(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2012) Gokpinar, Sami; Yildiz, KaderIn this study, Coenurus cerebralis was detected in brain tissues of 12 of 100 sheep (12%). C. cerebralis was detected in clinically healthy sheep as 11.1%. Coenurosis was found 24% of females and 8% of males in the present study. Two years old sheep constituted 50% of the infected animals. The cysts located in the cerebral hemispheres and the cerebellum were 83.3% and 16.7%, respectively. C. cerebralis located in the cerebral hemispheres preferred the right side (frontal and occipital lob) as the rate of 77.8%. The clinical signs of coenurosis were shown in only one of the sheep examined. The cyst occupied in all left hemispheres of the brain in this sheep. Only one coenurus was observed in all sheep examined. The measurement of coenurus was calculated as 4 - 9.5 cm.Öğe The relationship between seropositivity and tissue cysts in sheep naturally infected with Toxoplasma gondii(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2014) Yildiz, Kader; Kul, Oguz; Gokpinar, Sami; Atmaca, Hasan Tarik; Gencay, Yilmaz Emre; Gazyagci, Aycan Nuriye; Gurcan, Ismayil SafaSkeletal muscles (tongue, masseter, leg, intercostal, and diaphragmatic muscles) and brain samples of 100 sheep at slaughter were analysed for the presence of T. gondii tissue cysts along with serum IgG titres. Two methods of isolation by percoll gradient centrifugation and tissue microarray (TMA) technique with immunoperoxidase staining were used. Seropositivity was detected in 88% (88/100) of sheep sera analysed by indirect fluorescent antibody test. Tissue cysts were observed in 46 (52.3%, 46/88) and 15 (17%, 15/88) of the seropositive sheep with the isolation technique and TMA and immunoperoxidase staining, respectively. The diameters of the tissue cysts were 25-58 x 25-62 (mean 34 x 36) mu m. The relationship between the presence of tissue cysts and seropositivity in sheep was statistically significant at 1/16 (P < 0.01) and at 1/64 and 1/128 (P < 0.001) serum dilutions.Öğe Scanning Electron Microscopic Observation of Cat Lungs Naturally Infected with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2011) Yildiz, Kader; Gokpinar, SamiAelurostrongylus abstrusus lives in terminal respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts of lung in cat. In this study, it was aimed that the lesions in lungs of cats naturally infected with A. abstrusus were observed using scanning electron microscope. White, miliar foci were observed on lung tissue examined macroscopically. Alveolar cavities were disappeared around adult A. abstrusus body in the lung tissues examined with scanning electron microscope. Alveoli were filled with first stage larvae of A. abstrusus. Some cellular reactions were observed near to infected areas of lung tissue. Worm nodule of A. abstrusus was not consisted in lungs of the cats. Some alveolar cavities close to adult A. abstrusus filled with curled first stage larvae. These alveolar cavities were enlarged and alveolar septa were thickened.Öğe Teladorsagiosis in the abomasums of sheep(Ankara Univ Press, 2013) Gokpinar, Sami; Yildiz, KaderIn the present study, it is aimed to detect the parasitic species responsible to macroscopic parasitic nodules in abomasums of sheep. Tissue samples taken from lesional areas of abomasums were digested with artificial digestive fluid. Then, Teladorsagia spp. larvae were detected in these tissue samples. Adult parasites collected from the lumen of abomasums were detected as Teladorsagia circumcincta (96,4%) and Haemonchus contortus (3,6%). It is thought to be important to the first report of T. circumcincta nodules in abomasums of sheep in Turkey.
