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    COLAGEN MICROANATOMY OF THE HUMAN SEPTUM CARTILAGE
    (Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd, 2008) Yazici, Ilker; Yavuzer, Reha; Gozil, Rabet; Erdogan, Deniz; Atabay, Kenan
    By operative observations and cadaver investigations we are describing the collagen microanatomy (tension lines) of the human septal cartilage. Resected parts of 15 patients septums crushed and the form of these materials were observed. Histologic examination was performed on 6 cadavers. Whole quadrangular cartilages excised; dorsal, caudal, basal and central portions sampled as in standart septorhinoplasty procedure, somewhat harvesting a cartilage graft. All were fixed and sliced in sagittal plane, longitudinally; stained with masson trichrome, examinated by a histologist under light microscope. Three of them were examinated by electron microscope but slices were transverse to the axis of cartilage strut or rod. Dorsum and columella posses a longitudinal direction of collagen organisation and strongly packed. Central and base portions have a more disorganised pattern and weaker. Base show collagen organisation perpendicular to palate. These data may be helpful for correction of problematic septum deformities. These lines may also be helpful in septoplasties and understanding the role of septum in maxillofacial development.
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    Collagen Microarchitecture of the Human Septum Cartilage
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013) Yazici, Ilker; Yavuzer, Reha; Elmas, Cigdem; Gozil, Rabet; Erdogan, Deniz; Atabay, Kenan
    …
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    Morphometric, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural examination of age-related structural alterations in optic nerve
    (2024) Anlı, Serpil Çilingiroğlu; Çalgüner, Engin; Erdoğan, Deniz; Kadıoğlu, Dural; Elmas, Çiğdem; Gozil, Rabet; Bahçelioğlu, Meltem
    Aims: As individuals age, there is a known decline in visual function attributed to a reduction in the optic nerve fibers and myelin sheath degeneration. Studies present conflicting findings on whether aging affects axonal integrity in the human optic nerve. This study aims to investigate degenerative changes in the aging rat optic nerve. Methods: The investigation involved 36 Wistar albino rats. The rats were divided into six groups: the newborn, prepubertal, pubertal, junior, adult, and elderly groups. This study investigated optic nerve axon counts, axon diameters, levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity (GFAP-IR) and nerve growth factor immunoreactivity (NGF-IR), as well as findings from light microscopy (LM) and electron microscopy (EM) in these groups. Results: This study observed age-related alterations in rat optic nerves, including increased diameter, irregular axon count fluctuations (both increases and decreases), elevated astrocyte count, and a simultaneous decline in oligodendrocyte count. Additionally, it was observed that NGF-IR was predominantly at the membrane level in newborns and moderately in the cytoplasm, whereas in older ages, it was evident at both cellular and axonal levels furthermore, it was observed that GFAP-IR increased with age. However, in LM and EM examinations, axonal loss and rarefaction, accumulation of osmiophilic substances, splitting of the myelin sheath, vacuolization, axonal retraction were observed. Conclusion: In this study, it was found that one of the causes of age-related vision loss is the advanced degenerative changes in the optic nerve and it was concluded that the remaining small-diameter myelinated nerve fibers may partially compensate for the sense of vision. Our study reveals that age-related degenerative changes in the central nervous system resemble those in multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting a potential contribution to MS pathogenesis.