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Öğe Assessment of the optic nerve using strain and shear-wave elastography in patients with pseudotumour cerebri(W B SAUNDERS CO LTD, 2020) Asal, N.; Inal, M.; Sahan, M. H.; Say, B.AIM: To evaluate the optic nerve using strain elastography (SE) and shear-wave elastography (SWE) in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) patients in comparison to participants in the control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty eyes were evaluated in 40 cases consisting of 20 IIH patients and 20 participants in the control group. This study was conducted using SE and SWE in addition optic nerve sonography measurements of participants in the IIH patient group and the control group. SE patterns were categorised using three main types and two subtypes. Quantitative measurements of optic nerve stiffness with SWE were expressed in kilopascals. RESULTS: In the IIH patient group, type 2 and type 1 elasticity patterns were primarily observed, followed by type 3 patterns. In the control group, type 3 elasticity patterns were most often observed, while type 2 elasticity patterns were seen less frequently. Statistically significance differences in the types of elasticity strain patterns were observed between the groups (p<0.01). Quantitative analysis was also performed, and the SWE moduli were obtained for the control group (10.1 +/- 0.28 kPa) and the IIH patient group (26.97 +/- 1 kPa). A statistically significant difference in the SWE modulus was found between the groups (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Biomechanical changes may have occurred in the optic nerve secondary to increased intracranial pressure in IIH patients. Strain and shear elastography may have potential as assistive diagnostic techniques for the detection and follow-up of these changes. (C) 2020 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Evaluation of the optic nerve using strain and shear-wave elastography in pre-eclampsia(W B Saunders Co Ltd, 2019) Asal, N.; Sayan, C. D.; Gokcinar, N. B.; Sahan, M. H.; Dogan, A.; Inal, M.AIM: To investigate the utility of strain elastography and shear-wave elastography for assessing optic nerve involvement in pre-eclampsia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 120 eyes were evaluated in 60 cases consisting of 30 participants in the pre-eclamptic and 30 participants in the non-pre-eclamptic pregnant patient group. The findings of strain and shear-wave elastography, grey-scale sonography, and optical coherence tomography were compared between the groups. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference for the average shear-wave elastography values between groups (17.6 +/- 4.1 and 9.4 +/- 2 kPa, p<0.01). The analysis of the strain elastography types also revealed a statistically significant difference between the groups (p<0.01). A statistically significant difference was found for the average values of the optic nerve sheath diameter between the two groups (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference was found in the average value of the superior quadrant of the retina nerve fibre layer between the groups in optical coherence tomography analysis (p=0.04). The peripapillary choroidal thickness values of pre-eclamptic pregnant women were higher than that of non-preeclamptic pregnant women, but the difference was not significant (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Stiffness of the optic nerve was greater in patients with pre-eclampsia in the study. Elasticity changes in the optic nerve may be generally attributed to microvascular and biomechanical changes secondary to increased hypertension in pre-eclamptic patients. Elastography could be used as assistive diagnostic techniques to evaluate the optic nerve structure changes in pre-eclampsia. (C) 2019 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Olfactory bulb volume and olfactory sulcus depth in patients with Behcet's disease(Cambridge Univ Press, 2018) Dogan, A.; Muluk, N. Bayar; Asal, N.; Sahan, m H.; Inal, M.; Gunduz, O; Arikan, O. K.Objective To investigate olfactory bulb volume and olfactory sulcus depth in patients with Behcet's disease, using magnetic resonance imaging. Methods Cranial magnetic resonance imaging scans of 27 adults with Behcet's disease (10 males and 17 females) and 27 healthy controls were examined. Olfactory bulb volume and olfactory sulcus depth were measured on coronal, T2-weighted, spectral pre-saturation with inversion recovery sequences. Results Bilateral olfactory bulb volume and right-sided olfactory sulcus depth were significantly lower in the Behcet's disease group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Left-sided olfactory sulcus depth increased with Behcet's disease duration. In both groups, olfactory bulb volume was significantly higher in the left than the right side. There were no gender differences for olfactory bulb volume and olfactory sulcus depth. Positive correlations were determined between right- and left-sided olfactory bulb volume values and between right- and left-sided olfactory sulcus depth values. Conclusion Behcet's disease may decrease olfactory functions, related to lower olfactory bulb volume and olfactory sulcus depth. The affected vascular system and possibly damaged neural system, nasal mucosal lesions, and prolonged nasal mucociliary clearance time may cause olfactory dysfunction. Patient follow up is recommended, with magnetic resonance imaging examinations of the olfactory system if necessary.Öğe Smell functions in patients with multiple sclerosis: a prospective case-control study(Royal Belgian Soc Ear, Nose, Throat, Head & Neck Surgery, 2016) Kandemir, S.; Muluk, N. B.; Melikoglu, B.; Dag, E.; Inal, M.; Sahin, O.Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the smell function in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Twenty subjects (six males, 14 females) who were diagnosed as having MS, based on the 2010 Revised McDonald criteria, and 20 healthy individuals (six males, 14 females) were included in this study. In order to measure smell identification abilities, each subject completed the 12-item Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT). Central and peripheral regions of smell were measured using cranial magnetic resonance (MR) images. The central regions of smell (the temporal lobe insular gyrus and the corpus amygdala) and the peripheral regions of smell (the olfactory bulb, tract and sulcus) were examined in the cranial MR images. Regions of smell were also evaluated for the presence of MS lesions (plaques). Results: The total BSIT scores of the subjects in the MS group were found to be significantly lower than those of the control group (p< 0.05). In the MS group, measurement values of the central regions of smell (right corpus amygdala diameter, right and left corpus amygdala) were significantly higher than those of the control group (p< 0.05). There were no MS lesions in the peripheral regions of smell, but MS lesions were observed in the central regions: the right temporal lobe insular gyrus (four patients, 20.0%); the left temporal lobe insular gyrus (two patients, 10.0%); and the right corpus amygdala (one patient, 5.0%). While these results are not sufficient for statistical analysis, the total smell scores of these patients were found to be low. Conclusion: There is a deterioration in the smell functions of patients with MS. Therefore, we highly recommend that ENT specialists use the easily accessible and reliable BSIT for the diagnosis of smell disorders.
