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Öğe An analysis of the relationship between Foreign Exchange Rateâ ‘Protected Deposit Implementation and exchange rates(Taylor and Francis, 2024) Isik, Nihat; Kilinç, Efe Can; Yilmaz, Suat SerhatIn this study, the effects of the Foreign Exchange Rate-Protected Deposit (FXPD) Implementation, which started toward the end of December 2021 to stabilize the Turkish lira, on the exchange rate are analyzed through Granger causality Test and Breitung and Candelon’s spectral GC test using weekly data for the period between February 18, 2022, and April 14, 2023, for Türkiye. The traditional GC test suggested one-way causality from exchange rates to money supply and from FXPD to deposit interest rates. Breitung and Candelon’s spectral GC analysis revealed that in the medium and long term, there is causality from the dollar exchange rate to the FXPD, in the short and medium term toward the deposit interest rate and in the long term toward the money supply. Moreover, there is a medium- and long-term causality relationship between the money supply and the FXPD. In general, the results of the study suggest that to achieve the desired impact on exchange rates through the exchange rate-protected deposit application and to ensure stability in exchange rates, deposit interest rates need to be maintained at a level that safeguards depositors’ savings against inflation rates. © 2024 selection and editorial matter, Hasan Gürak and Neelambar Hatti; individual chapters, the contributors.Öğe Efficiency and Productivity in Public Expenditures: An Application on Karaman Municipality Services(Maliye Bakanligi, 2012) Isik, Nihat; Demir, FilizIn this study the efficiency and productivity of public expenditures were explored via a survey study in Karaman Municipality. The survey was presented to the personnel who work in different units of Karaman Municipality. According to the findings of survey results; 24,3% of the participants thought that the service on the education area was the most productive one. City cleaning and picking garbage services took the second place. 35% of the participants thought that Karaman Municipality services were efficient and productive; but 45% of the participants disagreed with this idea. Most of the participants (85%) agreed with the idea of improving of the personnel's ability on responsibility taking would increase the management effectiveness. Again, most of the participants (85%) thought that if the Municipality personnel had chance to prove themselves, it would improve the Municipality's efficiency. 78% of the participants replied the Contribution of Manager and Municipality personnel to the organizational vision and mission would increase managerial efficiency question affirmatively.Öğe The Investment Climate Assessment of Kurkkale City: An Application for Manufacturing Companies(Maliye Bakanligi, 2017) Isik, Nihat; Engeloglu, OzgurInvestment Climate Assessment (ICA) is a method used by World Bank for analyzing the investment climate of many countries. In this study, the aim is to do the Investment Climate Assessment of Kirikkale. By ICA, a sample representing a private sector of a country / region's economy can be analyzed from many fields and analyzed in the light of information obtained. In this study, surveys were applied over 39 manufacturing companies which operate in Kirikkale, and survey results were evaluated in terms of econometric as by method which was developed by Escribano and Guasch (2005 and 2008). The elasticity/semi elasticity, and impact of investment climate variables, which affect productivity, employment, and probability of firms entering the export market were estimated, and examined.Öğe Openness and the Effects of Monetary Policy on the Exchange Rates: An Empirical Analysis(Sejong Univ, Center Int Economics, 2005) Isik, Nihat; Acar, Mustafa; Isik, H. BayramThis paper examines whether the effects of monetary policy on the exchange rates depend on the degree of openness of an economy. Theoretically, it can be shown that the effect of openness on the ability of money to influence the exchange rate is ambiguous. In light of this, the purpose of this study is to investigate how the relationship between monetary policy and exchange rate is affected by openness, hence shedding some light on the theoretical ambiguity. Using annual data for a panel of 41 countries for the period 1988-2000, the paper's empirical results indicate that the effects of monetary policy on the exchange rates are negatively affected by economy's openness. It seems that the more open the economy, the smaller is the depreciation effects of a given increase in the money growth rate. More interestingly, contrary to conventional expectations, monetary expansions in developed countries do not seem to result in depreciation of the domestic currency.Öğe The Relationship Between Economic Freedoms and the Informal Economy: An Application on the Member States of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation(Bc Grup Inc, 2019) Isik, H. Bayram; Yilmaz, Suet Serhat; Isik, NihatThe reduction and ultimately the elimination of the informal economy emerges as an important problem for the countries in terms of effectively collecting tax revenues, preventing unfair competition and increasing confidence for the state. Increasing economic freedoms contributes to the reduction of such economic activities. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of economic freedoms on informal economy for the member states of Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). It covers annual panel data of 44 countries from 1999 to 2015. In the study, Fixed Effects and Random Effects Models are applied. The findings of the study point out that there was statistically significant and negative relationship between economic freedoms and informal economy. According to the results, one-point increase in Economic Freedom Index led to a nearly 0.13% reduction in the size of informal economy.Öğe The Relationship between Entrepreneurship and Innovation: A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis(Eskisehir Osmangazi Univ, Fac Education, 2016) Isik, H. Bayram; Isik, Nihat; Kilinc, Efe CanEntrepreneurship and innovation are two of the most pervasive concepts of our times. Innovation and entrepreneurship have been one of the factors that provide developing countries to reach higher development stages as well as developed countries and to perform economic and social transformations and will continue. In this study, the relationship between innovation and entrepreneurship were examined for OECD countries for the period of 1990-2011 using dynamic panel data models. Results showed that the innovation and entrepreneurship have a long-term relationship, whereas in the short term there was no such indication. Accordingly, 1% increase in business ownership rate would increase the private sector R&D expenditures by 5.9%. Analysis results also showed that; the coefficients of error correction parameters of Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, South Korea, Mexico, Poland, Slovakia, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States were meaningful and revealed a long term relationship in these countries.Öğe The Relationship Between Health Expenditures and Life Expectancy in D-8 Countries: A Panel Data Analysis(Bc Grup Inc, 2019) Kilinc, Efe Can; Isik, Nihat; Isik, H. BayramIn recent years, the technological developments in the field of health, better nutrition conditions and the increase in the quality of public health services have increased the life expectancy of people. Access to health services has been facilitated through the integration of countries. In addition, the contribution of the scientific studies and the R&D expenditures in the field of health has been high in the prolongation of life. In this study, the effect of health expenditures on life expectancy in D-8 countries for the period of 2000-2015 is analyzed by using panel data methods. The findings indicate that; health expenditures, per capita income, high technology exports and food index increase the life expectancy.
