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    Aromatase expression in the cerebellum of the dog infected with canine distemper virus
    (Schluetersche Verlagsgesellschaft Mbh & Co Kg, 2010) Yarım, Murat; Gülbahar, Mustafa Yavuz; Güvenç, Tolga; Karahan, Siyami; Harada, Nobuhiro; Kabak, Yonca Betil; Karayiğit, Mehmet Önder
    Aromatase is the enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of estrogens. It is implicated in neuroprotection. The present study investigated aromatase expression in the cerebellum of dogs infected with canine distemper virus (CDV), a disease characterized by demyelination in the white matter of the cerebellum. The presence of CDV infection was confirmed on the basis of histopathology and immunohistochemical localization of CDV antigen in glial cells of the white matter. The number of aromatase immunoreactive astrocytes were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in CDV-infected dogs compared to control dogs. The results suggest that astrocytes respond to invasion and persistence of CDV by means of increased estrogen production. The results also suggest that the high level of estrogen expression is maintained similarly throughout all stages of the disease since the number of aromatase immunoreactive astrocytes did not vary during the different stages of CDV infection.
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    Systemic toxoplasmosis in a kangaroo (Macropus sp.)
    (Ankara Univ Press, 2011) Kabak, Yonca Betil; Guvenc, Tolga; Kul, Oguz; Deniz, Ahmet; Gulbahar, M. Yavuz
    This paper describes systemic toxoplasmosis in a brush kangaroo died after diagnosed with chronic diarrhoea in a local zoo. Macroscopically, widespread subcutaneous petechial haemorrhagies, 100 ml sero-sanguineous fluid in the abdominal cavity, many nodular structures on omentum and fat tissues with dilatation in subserosal vessels of gastric and small intestines were observed. Microscopically, necrotic bronchointerstitial pneumonia in the lungs and multiple areas of necroses with pyogranulomatous inflammation in the myocardium, adrenal glands and tunica muscularis of stomach and small intestines were detected. The pancreas and surrounding abdominal adipose tissues had multifocal coalescing acellular necroses conjoined with pyogranulomatous inflammation. Free and/or intracellularly located Toxoplasma gondii-like granular structures showed co-association with necrotic lesions. These granular structures and necrotic areas exhibited strong immunoreactivity to polyclonal anti-T.gondii antibodies whereas reaction was negative for Neospora caninum and Leishmania sp.. Nested-PCR designed to amplify a 97 bp long specific part in B1 gene of T. gondii gave positive results. In conclusion, the first case of systemic toxoplasmosis in a kangaroo from a local zoo in Turkey was diagnosed by detailed histochemical, immunoperoxidase technique and PCR.