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    Acute and chronic impact of smoking on salivary and serum total antioxidant capacity
    (Pakistan Medical Assoc, 2015) Kurku, Huseyin; Kacmaz, Murat; Kisa, Ucler; Dogan, Ozlem; Caglayan, Osman
    Objective: To investigate increased oxidative stress in saliva of smokers along with their serum. Methods: The case-control study was conducted from September to December 2008 in the Department of Biochemistry of the Medical School, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey. A blood sample and saliva samples before and after smoking were collected from the smokers, while blood and saliva samples were taken from the controls. All samples were taken concurrently. The samples were measured for total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant stress, oxidative stress index, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and total sulfhydryl groups. Levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were also measured on saliva samples. SPSS 13 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Of the 54 subjects in the study, 27(50%) were smokers with a mean age of 28.4+/-5.42 years, and 27(50%) were controls with a mean age of 29.7+/-8.03 years. Total oxidant stress, oxidative stress index, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were found higher in the serum samples of smokers (p<0.05), and the levels of total sulfhydryl groups in smokers were lower compared with the controls (p<0,05). Among the smokers, salivary malondialdehyde levels were higher before and after smoking (p<0.05), glutathione peroxidase levels were lower than the controls, and salivary nitric oxide levels after smoking were higher than both those of the control group and the levels before smoking (p<0.05). Conclusion: Both acute and chronic increased oxidative conditions may be a significant sign of the destructive effects of smoking. The investigation of disorders in smokers concerning oxidative stress will be beneficial in terms of novel approaches and treatment modalities.
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    The effect of varicocele on seminal plasma and serum inhibin-B levels in adolescent and adult men
    (Springer, 2010) Basar, M. Murad; Kisa, Ucler; Tuglu, Devrim; Kacmaz, Murat; Basar, Halil
    In the present study, the relationship between serum/seminal plasma and serum FSH and seminal parameters was evaluated in adults and adolescent varicocele patients and compared with normal fertile cases. A total of 50 adult patients with varicocele (Group-1) and 50 adolescents with varicocele (Group-2) were enrolled into the study. Fifty fertile cases without any scrotal pathology were accepted as control group (Group-3). Serum gonadotropin, sex steroids and serum and seminal plasma inhibin-B levels were measured, and semen analysis was performed after 2 and 5 days of sexual abstinence. All parameters were compared among three groups by using one-way ANOVA test. There were statistically significant differences among three groups on seminal parameters due to disturbed spermatogenesis in patients with varicocele (P < 0.05). However, there were not statistical differences between serum and seminal plasma Inhibin-B levels among groups. In varicocele patients, serum inhibin-B levels showed negative and significant correlation only with FSH levels (r = -0.253, P = 0.011). On the contrary, neither serum nor seminal plasma inhibin-B levels showed significant correlation with seminal parameters. While varicocele affects different mechanisms in the regulation of spermatogenesis in testes, serum and seminal plasma inhibin-B have not any role in decreased spermatogenesis in varicocele.
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    Oxidative and nitrosative stress in patients with ischemic stroke
    (Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2018) Dogan, Ozlem; Kisa, Ucler; Erdemoglu, Ali Kemal; Kacmaz, Murat; Caglayan, Osman; Kurku, Huseyin
    Background: Oxidative and nitrosative stress is well believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. This study aims to evaluate the time course of oxidative and nitrosative stress in ischemic stroke. Methods: In total, 27 healthy individuals, 22 individuals with high risk of ischemic stroke due to hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and 20 patients with acute ischemic stroke hospitalized at the Neurology Department of the Kirikkale University School of Medicine were enrolled in the study. Venous blood was collected at admission (hour 0) and again at hours 24, 48, 72, and 96. Nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidative stress (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured and compared among stroke patients and control groups. Results: Blood NO was significantly higher in the patient group at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h compared to the healthy and high-risk control groups, and lower at 96 h than at early times within the patient group (p<0.001). MDA was higher in patients than the healthy control group at all times. Conversely, TOS and OSI were significantly lower in the patient group than the healthy control group at 96 h and the high-risk control group at 72 and 96 h (p <0.05). There was a significant correlation between initial NO (0 h) and duration of hospitalization (r= 0.71; p= 0.0003). Conclusions: These findings suggest a substantial early increase in oxidative and nitrosative stress in ischemic stroke patients during the first 2 days post-admission. However, TOS was lower by days 3-4, likely due to pathological recovery and local/systemic defense systems. The correlation between elevated serum NO during the acute phase of stroke and duration of hospitalization suggests NO as a potentially valuable predictor of ensuing oxidative damage and clinical outcome.
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    Plasma levels of interleukin-10 and nitric oxide in response to two different desflurane anesthesia flow rates
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2014) Kalayci, Dilek; Dikmen, Bayazit; Kacmaz, Murat; Taspinar, Vildan; Ornek, Dilsen; Turan, Ozlem
    Objective: This study investigated interleukin-10 and nitric oxide plasma levels following surgery to determine whether there is a correlation between these two variables and if different desflurane anesthesia flow rates influence nitric oxide and interleukin-10 concentrations in circulation. Materials and methods: Forty patients between 18 and 70 years and ASA I-II physical status who were scheduled to undergo thyroidectomy were enrolled in the study. Interventions: Patients were allocated into two groups to receive two different desflurane anesthesia flow rates: high flow (Group HF) and low flow (Group LF). Measurements: Blood samples were drawn at the beginning (t(0)) and end (t(1)) of the operation and after 24h (t(2)). Plasma interleukin-10 and nitric oxide levels were measured using an enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay and a Griess reagents kit, respectively. Hemodynamic and respiratory parameters were assessed. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups with regard to interleukin-10 levels at the times of measurement. Interleukin-10 levels were increased equally in both groups at times t(1) and t(2) compared with preoperative concentrations. For both groups, nitric oxide circulating concentrations were significantly reduced at times t(1) and t(2) compared with preoperative concentrations. However, the nitric oxide value was lower for Group HF compared to Group LF at t(2). No correlation was found between the IL-10 and nitric oxide levels. Conclusion: Clinical usage of two different flow anesthesia forms with desflurane may increase interleukin-10 levels both in Group HF and Group LF; nitric oxide levels circulating concentrations were significantly reduced at times t(1) and t(2) compared with preoperative concentrations; however, at 24h postoperatively they were higher in Group LF compared to Group HF. No correlation was detected between interleukin-10 and nitric oxide levels. (C) 2013 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.