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  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Evaluation of once daily dose of phenylpropanolamine in the treatment of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in spayed bitches
    (Ankara Univ Press, 2012) Kanca, Halit; Karakas, Kubra; Yagci, Ilknur Pir; Basaran, Timucin
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and long term safety of once daily administration of phenylpropanolamine (PPA) in the treatment of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI) in spayed bitches in comparison to three times daily administrations. For this purpose, 22 spayed bitches suffering from USMI received either PPA at the dose rate of 1.5 mg/kg, body weight (BW) once daily (group I, n=11) or 1.5 mg/kg three times daily (group II, n=11) by oral administration. Clinical efficacy was determined by using a scoring system based on analysing the frequency and the amount of unconscious urination on d 7, 14 and 28. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the clinical response observed on d 7, 14 and 28 of treatment in group I and II. Eight dogs (72.7%) in each group were continent on d 28. The side effects observed were mild and transient. Phenylpropanolamine therapy was continued in 13 dogs that became continent after 28 d and the dogs were followed up for 12 months. None of the dogs showed symptoms of urinary incontinence except for 2 bitches that became refractory to PPA treatment in group II. Phenylpropanolamine was combined with estriol for 14 d (1 mg/dog PO) in dogs in which PPA therapy was inefficient or unsatisfactory on d 28 and in dogs that became refractory to PPA treatment. A total of 8 dogs were treated with estriol PPA combination. Five (62.5%) bitches were continent on 14th d of estriol PPA combination treatment. In one bitch (12.5%) urinary incontinence improved. In conclusion, once daily administration of PPA at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg, BW is effective in treatment of USMI in spayed bitches and it offers a cheap and convenient treatment option. In addition, recurrence of incontinence can be observed during long term administration of PPA and combination of PPA with estriol is effective in dogs in which PPA therapy alone is unsatisfactory and in dogs that become refractory to PPA treatment.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Plasma concentrations of folic acid, vitamin B12 and progesterone of cyclic bitches, bitches during pregnancy and induced abortion and bitches with pyometra
    (M H Schaper Gmbh Co Kg, 2006) Kalender, Hakan; Beceriklisoy, H. B.; Kanca, Halit; Fındık, Murat; Eruenal-Maral, N.; Handler, J.; Aslan, S.
    The aim of this study was to investigate the plasma concentrations of folic acid, vitamin B12 and progesterone at different stages of the sexual cycle and pregnancy, during induced abortion and in bitches with pyometra. Bitches (n = 97) were assigned to groups as follows: a) oestrous cycle (n = 42) b) pregnancy (n = 25) c) induction of abortion (n = 10) and d) pyometra (n = 20). Oestrous cycle stages were determined by vaginal inspection and cytology. Pregnancies were estimated by ultrasound (5,0 Mhz; linear transducer; Schimadzu (R)) at days 15-25, 35-45 and 46-63 of pregnancy. Treatments for the induction of abortion were started between days 25 and 35 after mating (5 mu g/kg cabergoline daily, Galastop (R); 5-10 mu g/kg Alfaprostol every other day, Gabbrostim (R)). Diagnosis of pyometra was confirmed by ultrasound and vaginoscopy. Folic acid and vitamin B12 concentrations did not differ among different stages of the oestrous cycle. The mean concentration of folic acid during early pregnancy (days 15-25) exceeded levels of later stages (days 46-63): 9,4 +/- 3,7 mu g/ml and 4,7 +/- 1,8 mu g/ml, respectively (p < 0,01). A positive correlation between folic acid and vitamin B12 was determined in pregnant dogs (r = 0,925; p < 0,02). Before the induction of abortion, the concentration of folic acid was 9,6 +/- 5,2 mu g/ml; during abortion it decreased to 5,0 3,2 mu g/ml (p < 0,01). A significant correlation (r = 0,925; p < 0,02) between progesterone and folic acid was obtained in bitches with abortion. The mean concentration of folic acid in bitches with pyometra significantly differed from that of bitches at different stages of the oestrous cycle (p < 0,05). The mean concentration of folic acid was significantly lower in metoestrous bitches when compared to bitches with pyometra (p < 0,05). The decrease of serum concentrations of folic acid during pregnancy and induced abortion show that fetal growth and abortion caused higher consumption of folic acid. Concerning bitches did not show any deficiency symptoms which is why it can be concluded that this decrease is physiological.