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    Acute and chronic impact of smoking on salivary and serum total antioxidant capacity
    (Pakistan Medical Assoc, 2015) Kurku, Huseyin; Kacmaz, Murat; Kisa, Ucler; Dogan, Ozlem; Caglayan, Osman
    Objective: To investigate increased oxidative stress in saliva of smokers along with their serum. Methods: The case-control study was conducted from September to December 2008 in the Department of Biochemistry of the Medical School, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey. A blood sample and saliva samples before and after smoking were collected from the smokers, while blood and saliva samples were taken from the controls. All samples were taken concurrently. The samples were measured for total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant stress, oxidative stress index, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and total sulfhydryl groups. Levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were also measured on saliva samples. SPSS 13 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Of the 54 subjects in the study, 27(50%) were smokers with a mean age of 28.4+/-5.42 years, and 27(50%) were controls with a mean age of 29.7+/-8.03 years. Total oxidant stress, oxidative stress index, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were found higher in the serum samples of smokers (p<0.05), and the levels of total sulfhydryl groups in smokers were lower compared with the controls (p<0,05). Among the smokers, salivary malondialdehyde levels were higher before and after smoking (p<0.05), glutathione peroxidase levels were lower than the controls, and salivary nitric oxide levels after smoking were higher than both those of the control group and the levels before smoking (p<0.05). Conclusion: Both acute and chronic increased oxidative conditions may be a significant sign of the destructive effects of smoking. The investigation of disorders in smokers concerning oxidative stress will be beneficial in terms of novel approaches and treatment modalities.
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    The antioxidant effect of dexmedetomidine on testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury
    (Acta Cirurgica Brasileira, 2015) Tuglu, Devrim; Yuvanc, Ercan; Yilmaz, Erdal; Gencay, Isin Yazici; Atasoy, Pinar; Kisa, Ucler; Batislam, Ertan
    PURPOSE: To investigate the protective effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on testicular damage induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS: Sham group underwent left scrotal exploration only (group 1). The ischemia-reperfusion only group underwent left testicular torsion and detorsion (group 2). The ischemia-reperfusion plus Dex group underwent left testicular torsion, received 50 mu g/kg Dex (group 3) and 100 mu g/kg Dex (group 4) intraperitoneally at minute 180 of ischemia and then underwent detorsion. We determined histopathological findings and performed specific biochemical analyses. RESULTS: Increasing doses of Dex significantly increased TAS, and significantly decreased OSI. Analyzing the antioxidant effects of increasing doses of Dex in torsion and contrlateral testicles: Dex 100 mu g/kg statistically significant increased the tissue total antioxidant status (TAS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) when compared with Dex 50 mu g/kg but not found significantly change on the tissue total oxidant status (TOS). However, Dex did not significantly improve these histological alterations. CONCLUSION: The antioxidant effects of dexmedetomidine on testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in ipsilateral and contrlateral testis, but in the histopathological level, there was no difference statistically according to Johnsen's scoring system between groups at both sides.
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    Apelin-13: A Promising Biomarker for Multiple Sclerosis?
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2018) Alpua, Murat; Turkel, Yakup; Dag, Ersel; Kisa, Ucler
    Objectives: Recent studies have shown that Apelin 13 may have a neuroprotective property. Therefore it can be used as a biomarker for multiple sclerosis. Our purpose to assess serum apelin-13 levels in adult patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls. Patients and Methods: Subjects consisted of 42 relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis patients and 41 controls. Demographic characteristics including age, gender, duration of disease and Expanded Disability Symptom Scale (EDSS) were recorded. In serum samples obtained from the patients and controls, serum apelin-13 levels were measured with Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Results: Serum apelin-13 levels were significantly higher in the patients groups than the healthy controls (P = 0.003). Pearson analysis did not show any significant correlation between EDSS, disease duration and apelin-13 levels. Conclusion: The results of our study have been showed statistically significant higher levels of serum apelin-13 in multiple sclerosis patients compared to controls. Further studies with larger patients populations and healthy controls should be done to clarify to use serum apelin levels as a biomarker for multiple sclerosis.
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    Assessment of the Relationship Between Serum High Molecular Weight Adiponectin Hormone Levels and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
    (Georg Thieme Verlag Kg, 2019) Pekcan, Meryem Kuru; Tokmak, Aytekin; Akkaya, Hatice; Pekcan, Gultekin; Onur, Andac; Kisa, Ucler; Cil, Aylin Pelin
    The purpose of this study was to assess the rate of insulin resistance (IR) and the relationship between IR and high-molecular weight adiponectin (HMWA) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A cross sectional study involving 43 women with PCOS and 39 normal women was carried out over a period of nine months. Fasting glucose and insulin levels, lipid parameters and androgen levels were measured in all serum samples. HMWA was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and IR was estimated using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. The IR was more prevalent in the PCOS group than in the controls (p = 0.002). Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, sex hormone binding globulin, free androgen index, total testosterone, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels were significantly higher in the PCOS group as compared to the control group (all p < 0.05). Moreover, HMWA was significantly lower and negatively correlated with the clinical and biochemical hyperandrogenism in the PCOS group. HMWA and HOMA-IR were also associated with triglyceride, body mass index, and fat mass in this group. ROC curve analyses demonstrated that the AUC, indicative of the HMWA value for discriminating PCOS with IR, was 0.725, with a confidence interval of 0.615-0.835 (p = 0.001). The serum HMWA levels are lower in patients with PCOS, which suggest that HMWA might be involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS. We also conclude that HMWA might be a strong determinant of IR in PCOS patients.
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    Biochemical markers in the prognosis of intracranial hemorrhages
    (Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2018) Yuksel, Ulas; Ogden, Mustafa; Akkurt, Ibrahim; Bakar, Bulent; Kisa, Ucler; Ozveren, Mehmet Faik
    Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine prognosis of patients with intracranial hemorrhage by examining routine laboratory findings. Materials and Methods: Patients were divided into three groups according to hemorrhage type (subarachnoid hemorrhage, spontaneous intracerebral hematoma, subdural hematoma). Then serum sodium, potassium, C-reactive protein, blood leukocyte count and neutrophil percentage values were measured pre- and postoperatively. Results: Twenty-eight patients (10 female, 18 male) were included in study. There was no difference among groups in terms of all parameters. However, postoperative leukocyte counts were higher than preoperative values in intracerebral hematoma group; and postoperative sodium levels were higher than preoperative values in subarachnoid hemorrhage group. There was found negative correlation between Glasgow Outcome Scale scores and preoperative neutrophil, preoperative and postoperative sodium values in subarachnoid hemorrhage group. A negative correlation was found between Glasgow Outcome Scale scores and preoperative C-reactive protein values in subdural hematoma group. Conclusion: Study results suggested that pre-and postoperative serum sodium values in subarachnoid hemorrhage; age, Glasgow Coma Scale score, pre-and post-operative C-reactive protein values in spontaneous intracerebral hematoma; and preoperative C-reactive protein values in subdural hematoma were considered to be predictors of patient prognosis.
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    Cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury could be managed by using tramadol
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018) Akkurt, Ibrahim; Cetin, Cansel; Erdogan, Ahmet Melih; Dincel, Gungor Cagdas; Ceylan, Asli Fahriye; Kisa, Ucler; Bakar, Bulent
    Objectives: No valid treatment modality that will repair stroke damage and provide neurological recovery has yet been identified in literature. Studies demonstrated that adequate quality of life could be provided if post-stroke pain could be treated sufficiently and timely. Besides its pain relief effects, tramadol has oedema-reducing and anti-inflammatory properties. With these in mind, this study investigated the influence of tramadol in acute and/or chronic ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods: Putting aside the Control group, 23 Wistar albino rats were distributed to four groups to investigate the acute (Sham-A, TR-A) and chronic (Sham-C, TR-C) periods of I/R injury, and temporary aneurysm clips were applied to their internal carotid arteries for 30 min. Four hours after clippage, tramadol was administered to animals of TR-A and TR-C groups intraperitoneally. After sacrificing all animals, pyknotic and necrotic neuronal cells in hippocampal cornu ammonis (CA)1, CA2, CA3 and parietal cortical regions were counted, and perivascular oedema, intercellular organization disorder (IOD) and inflammatory cell infiltration were scaled histopathologically. Additionally, tissue interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-10, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, caspase-3, beclin-1, Atg12, LC3II/LC3I levels were measured biochemically. Results: Tramadol could minimize perivascular oedema, IOD, parietal and hippocampal neuronal necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration in both periods of I/R injury histopathologically. Apart from inhibiting apoptosis and enhancing autophagy, tramadol had no influence on any other biochemical result. Discussion: Tramadol can ameliorate the histopathological structure of ischaemic tissue in both periods of I/R injury in rat. We suggest further research investigating various dosages with different administration methods of tramadol in stroke should be conducted by adopting different explorative techniques.
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    Comparison of ADAMTS Levels in Pulp Tissue Samples of Healthy and Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis Teeth
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2022) Golbasi, Filiz; Erdemir, Ali; Kisa, Ucler
    Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the levels of different A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS; ie, ADAMTS-1, -4, and -9]) related to the breakdown of the proteoglycans and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP-3) levels that inhibit ADAMTS in the extracellular matrix of healthy pulp and symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Methods: Pulp tissue samples diagnosed with healthy and symptomatic irreversible pulpitis were collected from 48 participants. Healthy and inflamed pulps were directly transferred to Eppendorf tubes (Labosel, Istanbul, Turkey) and stored at -80 degrees C (NOve-DF490; Nuve, Ankara, Turkey) until further use. Routine root canal treatment procedures for the teeth were performed, after which the treatment process was completed. The levels of ADAMTS-1, -4, and -9 and TIMP-3 were measured in supernatants of human dental pulp tissue extracts using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (USCN, Wuhan, China). The independent sample t test and 1-way analysis of variance were used for parametric data, and the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for nonparametric data. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between ADAMTS-1 and -9 and TIMP-3 levels of the healthy pulp and pulpitis groups (P < .05), but there was no significant difference for ADAMTS-4 levels (P > .05). It was found that the levels of ADAMTS-1 and -9 were higher in the pulpitis group compared with the healthy pulp group, whereas the TIMP-3 level decreased (P < .05). Conclusions: As a result of this study, it was concluded that ADAMTS-1 and -9 and TIMP-3 might have a role in pulpal inflammation, whereas ADAMTS-4 was not related to pulpal inflammation.
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    The comparison of pandemic H1N1 IgG levels between H1N1 influenza-vaccinated healthcare workers and unvaccinated healthcare workers
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2014) Cifci, Aydin; Erol, Ozlem; Cesur, Salih; Aksoy, Nurkan; Kisa, Ucler
    Background/aim: To compare pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) IgG antibody levels between healthcare workers who were vaccinated with the pH1N1 influenza vaccine and the unvaccinated healthcare workers who were selected as the control group. Materials and methods: A total of 68 healthcare workers were included in this study. Of those, 53 were adults vaccinated with the H1N1 influenza vaccine and 15 were unvaccinated. Serum samples were parsed and stored at -40 degrees C until they were examined. Results: Of the total 53 vaccinated healthcare workers, 16 (30.1%) were positive for IgG antibodies (titer > 11), 17 (32.0%) were negative for IgG antibodies (titer < 9), and 20 (37.7%) were borderline (titer: 9-11). Of the 15 unvaccinated healthcare workers, 1 (6.6%) was positive for IgG antibodies, 11 (73.3%) were negative for IgG antibodies, and the remaining 3 (20.0%) had borderline values (P = 0.014, P < 0.05). In both groups, there was no statistically significant difference between IgG-negative, IgG-positive, and borderline subjects in terms of age or sex. Conclusion: The IgG antibody level was higher in the vaccinated healthcare workers than among the unvaccinated healthcare workers.
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    Could maternal serum MFG-E8 level predict adverse fiirst trimester pregnancy outcome? A preliminary study
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2023) Elci, Bircan; Yalcinkaya, Zeynep; Tekin, Ercan; Bakirci, Sukru; Dayangan Sayan, Cemile; Kisa, Ucler; Kurdoglu, Mertihan
    Background/aim: Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is expressed in the endometrial epithelium and its expression increases during the implantation process. Due to this knowledge, we aimed to investigate the maternal serum MFG-E8 levels on both healthy pregnant women in the first trimester and pregnant women complicated with missed abortion and threatened abortion in the first trimester.Materials and methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary referral hospital, department of obstetrics between July 2020 and February 2021 after ethical committee approval. The study population was consisted of 30 healthy pregnant women (HP) in the first trimester, 30 pregnant women suffering from threatened abortion (TA) in the first trimester and 30 pregnant women suffering from missed abortion (MA) in the first trimester. Maternal serum MFG-E8 levels were analyzed with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Delivery and neonatal outcomes of the study population was evaluated. The continuous variables were compared among three groups with variance analysis with post hoc tests. The categorical variables were compared with chi-square and Fisher's exact tests where applicable.Results: The mean age of the study population was 29.36 +/- 5.31 years. There was no significant difference among three groups for parameters of age, body mass index, parity number, and gestational week. Despite being within normal ranges, the mean neutrophil and international normalized ratio values of the three groups showed statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). The mean maternal serum MFG-E8 levels of MA, TA, and HP groups were 270 +/- 152.3, 414.7 +/- 236.7, and 474 +/- 222.5 ng/mL, respectively (p = 0.001). It was found that mean of MFG-E8 of the MA group was statistically significantly lower than those of the other two groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Although maternal serum MFG-E8 level seems to be a parameter that differ between live and nonlive pregnancies, studies with large number of cases are needed to discuss our results and to determine a cut-off value for prediction
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    Curcumin Attenuates Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Ultrastructural Damage Induced by Spinal Cord Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats
    (Elsevier Science Bv, 2016) Gokce, Emre Cemal; Kahveci, Ramazan; Gokce, Aysun; Sargon, Mustafa Fevzi; Kisa, Ucler; Aksoy, Nurkan; Erdogan, Bulent
    Objectives: Curcumin is a molecule found in turmeric root that possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and has been widely used to treat neurodegenerative diseases. We investigated whether curcumin stimulates the neurorepair process and improves locomotor function in a rat model of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods: Thirty-two Wistar albino rats (190220 g) were randomly allocated into 4 groups of 8 rats each: 1 sham-operated group and 3 ischemia-reperfusion injury groups that received intraperitoneal injections of saline vehicle, methylprednisolone (MP, 30 mg/kg following induction of ischemia-reperfusion [IR] injury), or curcumin (200 mg/kg for 7 days before induction of IR injury). Spinal cord IR injury was induced by occlusion of the abdominal aorta for 30 minutes. After 24 hours of reperfusion, locomotor function was assessed using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scale. All animals were sacrificed. Spinal cord tissues were harvested to evaluate histopathological and ultrastructural alterations and to analyze levels of malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, nitric oxide, and caspase-3, as well as enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Results: Intraperitoneal administration of curcumin significantly reduced inflammatory cytokine expression, attenuated oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, prevented apoptosis, and increased antioxidant defense mechanism activity in comparison to treatment with MP or saline. Histopathological and ultrastructural abnormalities were significantly reduced in curcumin-treated rats compared to the MP-and saline-treated groups. Furthermore, curcumin significantly improved locomotor function. Conclusions: Curcumin treatment preserves neuronal viability against inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis associated with ischemia-reperfusion injury. (C) 2016 National Stroke Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Danger in unlabeled bottles: Analysis of corrosive substances
    (Aves, 2015) Boybeyi, Ozlem; Gollu, Gulnur; Kisa, Ucler; Bahadir, Berktug; Gunal, Yasemin Dere; Kucuk, Gonul; Cakmak, Murat
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    Does Achievement of Hemostasis After Pulp Exposure Provide an Accurate Assessment of Pulp Inflammation?
    (Amer Acad Pediatric Dentistry, 2018) Mutluay, Merve; Arikan, Volkan; Sari, Saziye; Kisa, Ucler
    Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine in primary molars with carious exposures whether hemostasis at the exposure site and pulp orifice reflected inflammatory status of the pulp at the canal orifice based on cytokine levels. Methods: Forty mandibular primary molars with deep caries were included in the study. Teeth were divided into two groups: group A had teeth where hemostasis at the exposure site was achieved within five minutes, and group B had teeth where hemostasis at the exposure site could not be achieved within five minutes. Blood samples were harvested from the exposure sites and canal orifices. Cytokine levels for IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-alpha, and PGE(2) were measured using ELISA for all sample sites. Results: The IL-6 levels at the exposure sites were found to be significantly higher in group A when compared to group B, but there was no statistically significant differences in any of the cytokine levels at the canal orifices between the two groups. Conclusions: Controlling bleeding at the exposure site or canal orifices does not provide accurate assessment of inflammation at the canal orifice and may be misleading for diagnosing vital pulp treatment in primary teeth with a carious pulp exposure.
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    Does penile tourniquet application alter bacterial adhesion to rat urethral cells: an in vitro study
    (W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2018) Boybeyi-Turer, Ozlem; Kacmaz, Birgul; Arat, Esra; Atasoy, Pinar; Kisa, Ucler; Gunal, Yasemin Dere; Soyer, Tutku
    Purpose: To investigate the effects of penile tourniquet (PT) application on bacterial adhesion to urothelium. Methods: Fifty-six ratswere allocated into control group (CG), shamgroup (SG), PT group (PTG). No intervention was applied in CG. A 5mm-length urethral repair was performed in SG and PTG. In PTG, a 10-min duration of PT was applied during the procedure and the tissue oxygenation monitor was used to adjust the same degree of ischemia in all subjects. Sampleswere examined for wound healing parameters and tissue levels of inflammatory markers, eNOS, e-selectin, and ICAM-1antibodies. The adhesion of Escherichia coli to urotheliumwas investigated with in vitro adhesion assay. Results: Inflammation was higher and wound healing was worse in SG than CG and in PTG in comparison to CG and SG (p < 0.05). The endothelial damage, as shown by eNOS expression, was significantly higher in PTG compared to CG and SG (p < 0.05). The staining with ICAM-1 and e-selectin antibodies, showing increased inflammatory response to bacterial adhesion, was significantly higher in PTG compared to CG and SG (p < 0.05). In vitro urethral cell proliferation was achieved only in CG and SG revealing significantly increased adhesion in SG compared to CG (p < 0.05). The PT application caused endothelial corruption and prevented cell proliferation in cell culture. Conclusion: The PT application does not improve wound healing and increases bacterial adhesion molecules in penile tissue. The in vitro assays showed that PT causes severe endothelial damage and inhibits endothelial cell proliferation. (c) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    The effect of coenzyme Q and selenium on kidney in rats with partial unilateral ureteral obstruction
    (Aves, 2019) Kirdag, Mustafa Koray; Tuglu, Devrim; Yuvanc, Ercan; Kisa, Ucler; Balci, Mahi; Batislam, Ertan; Yilmaz, Erdal
    Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the antioxidant effects of selenium and coenzyme Q on renal damage in a partial unilateral ureteral obstruction (PUUO) in a rat model. Material and methods: A total of 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups as Group 1 Control Group, Group 2, PUUO Group, Group 3 PUUO + coenzyme Q group, Group 4 PUUO + selenium group. Paraoxonase (PON), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidant levels (TOS) were analyzed biochemically from tissue and blood samples. Tissue samples were examined histopathologically. Results: The TAC in the tissues was found to be statistically significantly increased in Groups 3 and 4, compared to Group 2. Tissue TOS was found to be significantly reduced in Groups 3 and 4, compared to Group 2. Serum PON levels were significantly increased in Group 3 and 4, compared to Group 1 and 2. Histopathological examination showed that interstitial inflammation and congestion were lesser in the coenzyme Q and selenium groups than in the PUUO group. A more significant decrease was found in the selenium group than in the coenzyme Q group. Conclusion: Our study results showed that coenzyme Q and selenium reduced the oxidation and the damage in tissue in PUUO in rats.
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    The effect of colchicine and low-dose methotrexate on intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury in an experimental model
    (W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2014) Boybeyi, Ozlem; Gunal, Yasemin Dere; Atasoy, Pinar; Kisa, Ucler; Aslan, Mustafa Kemal
    Aim: Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a serious clinical condition. Colchicine and low-dose methotrexate have anti-inflammatory features. An experimental model was conducted to investigate the effect of colchicine and methotrexate on intestinal I/R injury. Methods: Twenty-four rats were included. Only laparotomy was done in control group (CG, n = 6). In experimental groups, superior mesenteric artery was occluded. After 1 h ischemia, reperfusion (1 h) was started by de-occlusion. 30 min before reperfusion, saline in sham group (SG,n: 6), colchicine (1 mg/kg) in colchicine group (CNG, n: 6), andmethotrexate (0.1 mg/kg) in methotrexate group (MTXG, n: 6) were infused intraperitoneally. Small intestines were harvested for evaluation of intestinal mucosal injury (Chiu score) and oxidative stress markers (nitric oxide: NO, malondialdehyde: MDA, superoxide dismutase: SOD). Results: Biochemically, MDA levels were significantly low in CG compared to SG, CNG, and MTXG (p < 0.05). NO levels were significantly low and SOD levels were significantly high in CG compared to MTXG (p < 0.05). Histopathologically, Chiu score was significantly low in CG compared to SG, CNG, and MTXG (p < 0.05), and significantly high in MTXG compared to SG and CNG (p b 0.05). Conclusion: The present experimental model caused I/R injury in rat intestines. Contrary to literature, it was found that methotrexate worsens and colchicine does not attenuate intestinal I/R injury. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    The effect of different types of honey on healing infected wounds
    (Ma Healthcare Ltd, 2018) Eroglu, Oguz; Deniz, Turgut; Kisa, Ucler; Comu, Faruk Metin; Kaygusuz, Sedat; Kocak, Orhan Murat
    Objective: To investigate the effects of treatments of 'mad honey', blossom honey and nitrofurazone on infected wound healing. Method: Male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: 'mad honey' (MH), blossom honey (BH), nitrofurazone (N) and control (C). All rats were anaesthetised intraperitoneally. A circular skin incision was made to the back regions. Grafts containing slime-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis were placed on the incision area and then sutured to the skin. Infection in the wound area was confirmed after 48 hours. Wounds were dressed twice daily with the various treatment materials. Rats were randomly euthanised on days 7 or 14, and tissue samples taken. Tissue samples were assessed for hydroxyproline (HP), tensile strength (TS) and macroscopic measurement (area and intensity). Results: HP levels were higher in the treatment groups (MH, BH, N) at days 7 and 14 compared with the control group. 'Group x day' interaction was found in the HP levels (p=0.015). Increases in HP levels in the MH and N groups between days 7 and 14 were significantly higher than those in the other groups (p<0.05). Intensity was significantly lower in the control group and significantly higher in group MH compared with the other groups. Significant 'group x day' interaction was observed in intensity (p=0.006). TS was significantly lower on day 7 than on day 14 (p=0.022). No marked difference was observed between the groups, nor any 'group x day' interaction, in terms of TS. Conclusion: Honey administration successfully healed infected wounds. However, there was no significant difference between the effect of MH and that of N in terms of wound healing.
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    The Effect of Extractum Cepae, Heparin Sodium, and Allantoin in Experimental Peritoneal Adhesion
    (SPRINGER INDIA, 2020) Ozmen, Ismail; Gunal, Yasemin Dere; Atasoy, Pinar; Kisa, Ucler; Yorubulut, Serap; Aslan, Mustafa Kemal; Boybeyi-Turer, Ozlem
    The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of extractum cepae (EC), heparin sodium (HS), and allantoin (AA) on postoperative peritoneal adhesion (PPA) prevention. Forty-eight rats were allocated into six groups (n = 8). PPA was performed by Harris method. In group 1, no additional procedure was done. Abdominal cavity was washed with normal saline in group 2, EC in group 3, HS in group 4, AA in group 5, and EC-HS-AA mixture (EHA-m) in group 6. On the 21st postoperative day, PPA was scored with Nair adhesion score and examined for fibrosis histopathologically and hydroxy-proline levels (OHP) biochemically. Macroscopically, PPA was decreased in groups 2, 4, and 6 compared to groups 1, 3, and 5 (p < 0.05) and decreased in group 2 compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Histopathologically, fibrosis was decreased in groups 2, 4, and 6 compared to other groups and decreased in group 2 compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Tissue OHP level was decreased in groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 compared to groups 1 and 6 (p < 0.05). Tissue OHP level was decreased in group 6 compared to group 1, but the difference was not statistically significant. PPA formation decreases with normal saline, HS and EHA-m, whereas increases with EC and AA both macroscopically and microscopically. Although HS and EHA-m seem to have adhesion prevention effect, washing the intestines with saline seems to be more effective.
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    Effect of hypothermia on apoptosis in traumatic brain injury and hemorrhagic shock model
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2017) Eroglua, Oguz; Deniz, Turgut; Kisa, Ucler; Atasoy, Pinar; Aydinuraz, Kuzey
    Introduction: The neuroprotective mechanisms of therapeutic hypothermia against trauma-related injury have not been fully understood yet. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of therapeutic hypothermia on biochemical and histopathological markers of apoptosis using Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and hemorrhagic shock (HS) model. Methods: A total of 50 male albino-wistar rats were divided into five groups: Group isolated TBI, Group NT (HT + HS + normothermia), Group MH (HT + HS + mild hypothermia), Group MoH (HT + HS + moderate hypothermia) and Group C (control). Neurological deficit scores were assessed at baseline and at 24 h. The rats were, then, sacrificed to collect serum and brain tissue samples. Levels of Caspase-3,6,8, proteoglycan-4 (PG-4), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured in serum and brain tissue samples. Histopathological examination was performed in brain tissue. Results: There were significant differences in the serum levels of Caspase-3 between Group NT and Group C (p = 0.018). The serum levels of Caspase-6 in Group NT (0.70 +/- 0.58) were lower than Group MH (1.39 +/- 0.28), although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.068). There were significant differences in the brain tissue samples for Caspase-3 levels between Group NT and Group C (p = 0.049). A significant difference in the Caspase-8 brain tissue levels was also observed between Group NT and Group C (p = 0.022). Group NT had significantly higher scores of all the pathological variables (for edema p < 0.017; for gliosis p < 0.001; for congestion p < 0.003, for hemorrhage p < 0.011) than Group C. Conclusion: Our study results suggest that hypothermia may exert its neuroprotective effects by reducing markers of apoptotic pathway, particularly Caspase-3 on TBI and HS. (c) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Effect of Initial Periodontal Therapy on Oxidative Stress Markers in Gingival Crevicular Fluid, Saliva, and Serum in Smokers and Non-Smokers With Chronic Periodontitis
    (Wiley, 2015) Hendek, Meltem Karsiyaka; Erdemir, Ebru Olgun; Kisa, Ucler; Ozcan, Gonen
    Background: The aim of this case-control study with an intervention arm is to determine the effect of initial periodontal treatment on oxidative stress biomarkers in smokers and non-smokers with chronic periodontitis (CP). Methods: The study included 47 patients with CP (24 smokers [S+ P+] and 23 non-smokers [S-P+]) and 46 periodontally healthy individuals (23 smokers [S+ P-] and 23 non-smokers [S-P-]) for a total of 93 participants. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), serum, and saliva samples were obtained and clinical periodontal measurements were recorded at baseline and at the first and third months after periodontal therapy. 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (OHdG) and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) and enzyme activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The level of 8-OHdD in GCF was found to be significantly higher in both periodontitis groups compared with both periodontally healthy groups. 8-OHdG and GSH-Px in saliva in both periodontitis groups were significantly increased compared with the S-P-group. In the S+ P+ group, 4-HNE in GCF was found to be significantly higher than in periodontally healthy participants. After initial periodontal treatment, the levels of 8-OHdG in GCF and saliva were significantly decreased in both periodontitis groups. Conclusion: Initial periodontal therapy may be helpful for diminishing oxidative stress in periodontitis.