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    Acute and chronic impact of smoking on salivary and serum total antioxidant capacity
    (Pakistan Medical Assoc, 2015) Kurku, Huseyin; Kacmaz, Murat; Kisa, Ucler; Dogan, Ozlem; Caglayan, Osman
    Objective: To investigate increased oxidative stress in saliva of smokers along with their serum. Methods: The case-control study was conducted from September to December 2008 in the Department of Biochemistry of the Medical School, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey. A blood sample and saliva samples before and after smoking were collected from the smokers, while blood and saliva samples were taken from the controls. All samples were taken concurrently. The samples were measured for total antioxidant capacity, total oxidant stress, oxidative stress index, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and total sulfhydryl groups. Levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were also measured on saliva samples. SPSS 13 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Of the 54 subjects in the study, 27(50%) were smokers with a mean age of 28.4+/-5.42 years, and 27(50%) were controls with a mean age of 29.7+/-8.03 years. Total oxidant stress, oxidative stress index, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were found higher in the serum samples of smokers (p<0.05), and the levels of total sulfhydryl groups in smokers were lower compared with the controls (p<0,05). Among the smokers, salivary malondialdehyde levels were higher before and after smoking (p<0.05), glutathione peroxidase levels were lower than the controls, and salivary nitric oxide levels after smoking were higher than both those of the control group and the levels before smoking (p<0.05). Conclusion: Both acute and chronic increased oxidative conditions may be a significant sign of the destructive effects of smoking. The investigation of disorders in smokers concerning oxidative stress will be beneficial in terms of novel approaches and treatment modalities.
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    Malondialdehyde Levels in Dental Follicles of Asymptomatic Impacted Third Molars
    (W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2011) Tekin, Umut; Kisa, Ucler; Guven, Orhan; Kurku, Huseyin
    Purpose: Increased levels of reactive oxygen species lead to oxidative stress and tissue damage. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is one of many low-molecular-weight endproducts of lipid peroxidation that increases with oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine oxidative stress in dental follicles (DFs) of radiologically asymptomatic impacted third molars (ITMs) using MDA. Materials and Methods: This study involved 40 DFs of 40 patients referred for clinically and radiographically asymptomatic ITMs. Forty healthy gingival tissues in the same patients were obtained during surgical removal of teeth as a control group. DF widths on periapical radiographs narrower than 2.5 mm were included in the study. All tissues samples were analyzed for MDA as an indicator of oxidative stress. Results: Levels of MDA were significantly higher in DFs from ITMs than those from healthy gingival tissues of the same patients (P < .01). Conclusion: The results suggest that significant oxidative stress may occur in DFs of asymptomatic ITMs. The findings suggest that increased MDA may play an important role in oxidative stress in DFs. In light of these preliminary findings of the present study, further investigations and comprehensive studies are required to determine the role of antioxidants that scavenge free radicals in DFs. (C) 2011 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons J Oral Maxillofac Surg 69:1291-1294, 2011
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    Oxidative and nitrosative stress in patients with ischemic stroke
    (Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2018) Dogan, Ozlem; Kisa, Ucler; Erdemoglu, Ali Kemal; Kacmaz, Murat; Caglayan, Osman; Kurku, Huseyin
    Background: Oxidative and nitrosative stress is well believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. This study aims to evaluate the time course of oxidative and nitrosative stress in ischemic stroke. Methods: In total, 27 healthy individuals, 22 individuals with high risk of ischemic stroke due to hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and 20 patients with acute ischemic stroke hospitalized at the Neurology Department of the Kirikkale University School of Medicine were enrolled in the study. Venous blood was collected at admission (hour 0) and again at hours 24, 48, 72, and 96. Nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidative stress (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured and compared among stroke patients and control groups. Results: Blood NO was significantly higher in the patient group at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h compared to the healthy and high-risk control groups, and lower at 96 h than at early times within the patient group (p<0.001). MDA was higher in patients than the healthy control group at all times. Conversely, TOS and OSI were significantly lower in the patient group than the healthy control group at 96 h and the high-risk control group at 72 and 96 h (p <0.05). There was a significant correlation between initial NO (0 h) and duration of hospitalization (r= 0.71; p= 0.0003). Conclusions: These findings suggest a substantial early increase in oxidative and nitrosative stress in ischemic stroke patients during the first 2 days post-admission. However, TOS was lower by days 3-4, likely due to pathological recovery and local/systemic defense systems. The correlation between elevated serum NO during the acute phase of stroke and duration of hospitalization suggests NO as a potentially valuable predictor of ensuing oxidative damage and clinical outcome.