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    Effects of clinoptilolite on heavy metal levels in milk, proinflammatory cytokine responses (IL-1? and IL-6) and oxidative stress in dairy cows
    (Akademiai Kiado Zrt, 2022) Kurtdede, Efe; Kurtdede, Arif; Duru, Sibel yasa; Duru, Ozkan; Kara, Erdal; Aluc, Yasar; Kaya, Ufuk
    The effects of clinoptilolite on milk copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe) concentrations, proinflammatory cytokine responses, oxidative stress status, whole blood cell counts and liver and kidney functions were investigated in dairy cows exhibiting no signs of any kind of toxicity. Clinoptilolite was added to the feed at a dose of 200 mg kg(-1) body weight in the clinoptilolitetreated group (n = 14), but was not added to the feed in the control group (n = 7). In the milk samples (n = 21) collected before the experiment, the Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Fe values were 0.021 +/- 0.020, 0.104 +/- 0.01, 3.42 +/- 0.32, <0.000, 0.56 +/- 0.34 ppm, respectively. At the end of the experiment (30th day), among the elements measured in milk samples collected from the clinoptilolite-treated group, only the Pb value (0.076 +/- 0.01) was lower than the 0-day value of the clinoptilolite-treated group (0.104 +/- 0.01) and the 30th-day value of the control group (0.105 +/- 0.01) was found to be statistically lower. Changes determined at the end of clinoptilolite application in serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), albumin, glucose, urea and urine creatinine/urine total protein (uCr/uTP) values, which were interpreted as the effect of lead exposure before the trial, were evaluated as the positive effect of clinoptilolite. It was concluded that the addition of clinoptilolite to the feed in dairy cows caused a significant decrease in the amount of Pb in milk, and positive changes in the parameters related to oxidative stress in serum and in parameters related to renal function.
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    Effects of edaravone on testicular torsion-detorsion injury in rats
    (Wiley, 2024) Sahin, Yasar; Ustuner, Evren; Tutun, Hidayet; Yildirim, Ebru; Eroglu, Oguz; Kurtdede, Efe; Ozkabadayi, Yasin
    Background and objective: This study aimed to assess the protective ability of edaravone on testicular torsion-detorsion injury in rats. Methods: Eighteen adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: Sham group (control, n = 6); testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D group, n = 6) and T/D+edaravone (T/D+E group, n = 6). The spermatic cords of rats of the T/D group and the T/D+E group were rotated 720(degrees) in a clockwise direction and maintained for 120 min in this torsion position. Around 90 min after the torsion, edaravone at a dose of 10 mg/kg dissolved in saline was administered IP to the T/D+E group. The testicle was counter-rotated to its normal position to allow reperfusion for 4 h. Left testes of each animal were excised 240 min after beginning of reperfusion. Oxidative stress markers (TAS, TOS, SOD, and MDA) and apoptotic pathways (Caspase 3, Caspase 8, Caspase 9, Bcl-2, and Bax,) were assessed by ELISA methods. Also, testicles were subjected to the histopathologic and ultrasound examinations. Results: Ultrasound imaging showed that edaravone reduced the surface area and increased vascularization in testicles with T/D (p < 0.0001, p < 0.05, respectively). Edaravone pretreatment markedly decreased the levels of MDA, TOS, Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase 3, Caspase 8, and Caspase 9 (p < 0.0001). Also, it increased significantly TAS levels (p < 0.0001) and reduced insignificantly SOD activity. Histopathologic examinations demonstrated that edaravone significantly attenuated the histological damage caused by T/D in testicles. Conclusion: Taken together, the findings indicate that pretreatment of edaravone has protective effect against testicular T/D injury.
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    Evaluation of the combined effects of Turkish mad honey and 5-Fluorouracil in colon cancer model in rats
    (Ankara Univ, 2023) Kurtdede, Efe; Alcigir, Mehmet Eray; Alperen, Ahmet Mahmut; Baran, Berk; Karaca, Oğuz Kaan; Gülendağ, Erman
    It was aimed to evaluate the regressive effect of grayanotoxin-rich Turkish mad honey and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), separately and together by using the Nmethyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced colon cancer modelling in rats. Study groups were designed as control group (CG), cancer control group (CCG), 5Flourouracil group (FUG), Turkish mad honey group (HG), Turkish mad honey and 5-FU combined group (FU-HG). White blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte, eosinophil, basophil, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total oxidant status (TOS), and total protein values of the rats in the CCG were significantly lower than the values of the rats in the CG, whereas serum Bcl-2 and survivin levels were significantly higher in the rates belonged to the CCG in comparison to those in the CG. The presence of anaplastic epithelial cells, vascularization, precancerous changes, and inflammatory infiltration detected in the colon and small intestine of the rats in FU-HG, FUG, HG were less intense (P<0.05) compared to the findings in the rats in CCG. In conclusion, mad honey and 5 FU reduced anaplastic cell growth and oxidative stress via suppressed antiapoptotic activity. Considering the histopathological findings in the liver and kidney, no toxicity occurred related to mad honey and 5-FU metabolization. Therefore, the combined use of these two substances may be an alternative method in the treatment of colon cancer.
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    Evaluation of tumor-suppressive properties and apoptotic functions of Mad Honey and Vincristine applications in a rat model of breast cancer
    (Ankara Univ, 2024) Kurtdede, Efe; Alçığır, Mehmet Eray; Alperen, Ahmet Mahmut; Baran, Berk; Kuzu, Necat; Gülendağ, Erman
    In this study, the suppressive effects of vincristine and Turkish mad honey alone and in co-applications were biochemically, hematologically, and histopathologically investigated in a mammary tumor model induced with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in rats. A total of 72 rats, 43-49 days old, were divided into 6 groups of 12 rats each. The control group (CG) consisted of healthy rats. The vehicle group (VG) received only vehicle substance and the cancer control group (CCG) was given only DMBA. DMBA and the honey group (HG) given group. DMBA and the vincristine (VinG) given group, and DMBA, the vincristine-honey group (VHG) received both Turkish mad honey and vincristine. Turkish mad honey and/or vincristine was given in the last 4 weeks of the 13-week trial period. White blood cell and lymphocyte counts differed significantly in the CCG and VG groups. Alanine transaminase and total protein levels were higher in the CCG and VinG groups. Aspartate transaminase was higher in the CCG, HG and VG groups. Caspase-3 and Bax protein levels were in the HG and VHG groups significantly higher than CCG. In caspase-8 protein level VHG significantly higher than other groups. Caspase-9 protein level was in CG and VG groups significantly lower than other groups. Bcl-xL increased more in the CCG group. Anaplasia was reduced in the HG and VinG groups, although apoptosis and other cellular damages increased. It was concluded that mad honey and vincristine could be considered together as effective therapeutic agents in this model of DMBA-induced breast cancer.
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    Relationships between the Postpartum Body Condition Score, Colostral IgG Content, Liver Lipid Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in Dairy Cows
    (2022) Kurtdede, Efe; Kurtdede, Arif; Kara, Erdal; Er, Mehmet Ba; Gülendağ, Erman
    His study aimed to evaluate the relationships between the postpartum body condition score (BCS)\rand colostral IgG, lipid metabolism, liver functions and oxidative stress parameters in dairy cows\rwith BCSs of ?3.5 and >3.5.\rThis investigation included 60 dairy cows of the same breed, that were 3-5 years old and had given\rtwo or more births in a dairy farm. Care was taken to ensure that the BCS changes of the cows\rwere <0.5 from the dry period to calving.\rIn the 30 cows with a BCS of ?3.5 within 24 hours of birth, the mean BCS level was 3.24±0.24 and\rthe mean serum ?-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) level was 0.36±0.07. In the 30 cows with a BCS of\r>3.5 within 24 hours of birth, the mean BCS level was 3.96±0.14 and the mean serum BHBA level\rwas 0.38±0.07.\rCompared to the values determined in cows with a BCS >3.5, serum non-esterified fatty acids\r(NEFA), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) and malondialdehyde (MDA)\rlevels were significantly lower, and triglyceride, albumin, SOD and colostral IgG levels were\rsignificantly higher in cows with a BCS of ?3.5.\rIt was concluded that a BCS change of <0.5 from the drying period to parturition and a postpartum\rBCS of ?3.5 in dairy cows would be beneficial for better management of the metabolic process,\roxidative stress and high colostral IgG level.
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    Serum ANGPTL4 and FGF2, energy-related blood biochemicals, cytokine responses and oxidative stress in dairy cows with subclinical ketosis
    (Ankara Univ, 2023) Kurtdede, Efe; Kurtdede, Arif; Öcal, Naci; Kara, Erdal
    In this study, it was aimed to investigate the serum levels of ANGPTL4, FGF21, IL-1 beta, IL-6, SOD, MDA, and serum biochemical and hematological parameters in cows with subclinical ketosis. The mean serum beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) level was 1.37 +/- 0.04 mmol/L in 10 dairy cows aged 3-5 years that were <21 days postpartum and diagnosed with subclinical ketosis. The mean serum BHB level was 0.40 +/- 0.08 mmol/L in 10 healthy dairy cows in the same period and in the same age range. An increase in serum AST (P<0.001) and a decrease in serum albumin levels (P<0.05) indicated altered liver functions. An increase in serum non-esterified fatty acid (P<0.001) and decreases in serum HDL, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels (P<0.05) were interpreted as indicators of increased metabolic pathology risk due to negative energy balance. Increases in serum ANGPTL4, FGF2, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and MDA (P<0.001) and SOD levels (P<0.05) were evaluated as indicators of the development of effective metabolic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress. It was concluded that significant increases in serum ANGPTL4, FGF2, IL- 1 beta, IL-6, and MDA and SOD levels in dairy cows with subclinical ketosis were associated with negative energy balance, effective cytokine responses, and oxidative stress.