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    Environmentally friendly pathway applying sustainable resources to remove anionic dye from aqueous solutions: encapsulation in carboxymethyl cellulose nanoneedles
    (Springer Int Publ Ag, 2023) Alver, Erol; Dogan, Deniz; Mert, Humeyra; Metin, Aysegul Ulku
    Encapsulation technique was used for the rapid and efficient removal of RB-250 from aqueous solutions. This technique involves the simultaneous formation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) particles and the entrapment of the anionic dye RB-250 within the particles. TEM and zeta analyses of dye-encapsulated CMC particles showed needle type agglomeration of nanoparticles. Various parameters were investigated to optimize the RB-250 removal efficiency of CMC by encapsulation. Remarkably, while pH and time significantly affect the dye removal efficiency in adsorption, which is a widely used dye removal technique, the effect of these parameters is negligible in the proposed technique. In addition, it was determined that the temperature and stirring rate does not have a significant effect on the entrapment of the dye molecules in nanoparticles. More importantly, unlike conventional dye removal techniques such as adsorption, this technique allowed the rapid and efficient removal of an anionic dye with unmodified CMC. RB-250 encapsulation capacity of CMC nanoparticles was determined as 2809 mg RB-250/g CMC. These results revealed that the encapsulation is a promising candidate in dye removal applications where time and ease are important.