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Öğe Alternative products to treat allergic rhinitis and alternative routes for allergy immunotherapy(OceanSide Publications Inc., 2016) Ipci K.; Oktemer T.; Muluk N.B.; Şahin E.; Altintoprak N.; Bafaqeeh S.A.; Cingi C.Background: Some alternative products instead of immunotherapy are used in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods: In this paper, alternative products to treat allergic rhinitis and alternative routes for allergy immunotherapy are reviewed. Results: Alternative products and methods used instead of immunotherapy are tea therapy, acupuncture, Nigella sativa, cinnamon bark, Spanish needle, acerola, capsaicin (Capsicum annum), allergen-absorbing ointment, and cellulose powder. N. sativa has been used in AR treatment due to its anti-inflammatory effects. N. sativa oil also inhibits the cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism. The beneficial effects of N. sativa seed supplementation on the symptoms of AR may be due to its antihistaminic properties. To improve the efficacy of immunotherapy, some measures are taken regarding known immunotherapy applications and alternative routes of intralymphatic immunotherapy and epicutaneous immunotherapy are used. Conclusion: There are alternative routes and products to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy. Copyright © 2016, OceanSide Publications, Inc., U.S.A.Öğe Clinical efficacy of immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis(OceanSide Publications Inc., 2016) Oktemer T.; Altintoprak N.; Muluk N.B.; Senturk M.; Kar M.; Bafaqeeh S.A.; Cingi C.Background: Aeroallergen immunotherapy (AIT) should be considered for patients who exhibit symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR), rhinoconjunctivitis, and/or asthma after natural exposure to allergens and who also demonstrate specific immunoglobulin E antibodies against relevant allergens. Methods: In this paper, clinical efficacy of immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis is reviewed. Result: Subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT) is effective for seasonal and perennial AR. Sustained effectiveness requires several years of treatment. SCIT may prevent the development of allergic asthma in children with AR. Sublingual allergen immunotherapy (SLIT) is currently considered an alternative treatment to the subcutaneous route. The use of SLIT has been included in international guidelines for the treatment of AR with or without conjunctivitis. Conclusion: Patients treated with SCIT are at risk of both local and systemic adverse reactions; however, in most cases, symptoms are readily reversible if they are recognized early and treated promptly. The safety profile of SLIT is good; therefore, SLIT can be self-administered by patients in their homes. In this article, we reviewed the efficacy and safety of allergen immunotherapy. Copyright © 2016, OceanSide Publications, Inc.