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Öğe Ancient Origins of the History of Religions: Herodotus Example(Ataturk Univ, Fac Theology, 2019) Ozcan, SevketAlthough it is stated that the history of religions started to be formed as a discipline in the 19th century, when Max Muller lived, it is stated by religious scholars that researching other religious traditions is dates back to earlier times. In this respect, it is stated that Herodotus, who is described as the father of history because of his work titled History, can be considered as the father of the history of religions because he has a comparative study of the religions of foreigners and includes religious phenomena in research on the societies he studied. Therefore, in this study, within the framework of the approach which bases the research on beliefs of others on Herodotus in the literature of History of Religions, answers are sought for the questions such as what the basic features are that made Herodotus gain this position, whether it is possible to accept Herodotus as a historian of religions and whether it is possible to accept his work as a work history of religions. Therefore, to find answers to these and similar questions by putting forth the parameters of Herodotus's method, the importance and value of the way he dealt with the religious phenomena, which he used as a research subject, are examined in terms of the History of Religions.Öğe Jerusalem In Jewish Prayers(Hitit Univ, 2019) Ozcan, SevketJudaism is a religion introduced, practiced, and identified with Jerusalem especially since King David's period. According to Jews, the religious and political life in Jerusalem during the time of David and his son Suleiman is an ideal that requires not to be forgotten in their memory and to be experienced again. The prayers, which are an indispensable part of the religious life of the Jews and settled in the focus of religion with the collapse of the Temple, clearly reveal the meaning of Jerusalem that expressed for them and are considered as a summary of the history of Jewish faith. In general, the emphasis on Jerusalem in Jewish prayers, made regularly, on holidays and in transition periods and in some special cases, is that God is glorifying himself, that peace and salvation are demanded, salvation comes from the coming of Christ, the construction of temple, and peace in Jerusalem. In this direction Amidah prayer is regarded as a symbol of Jerusalem citizenship, that is to be Jewish, because of its emphasis on the fulfilment of salvation as a result of the coming of Christ, the gathering of the Jews in Jerusalem and the provision of justice. Therefore, in the memory of Jews, Jerusalem appears as need to be remembered and always maintains its importance and value as "a Jewish Hope" in the form of "Rebuild Jerusalem" in their language. In this work, by focusing on Jewish prayers made in various times and shapes, it is tried to be understood and revealed how Jerusalem takes place in Jewish prayers and what it means to them through the phenomenological method.Öğe Morphological Approach In Classification Of Religions From The Past To Present(Ilahiyat Bilimleri Arastirma Vakfi, 2019) Ozcan, SevketThe origins of researching the religious beliefs of others by modern historians of history, it is based to the 5th centuries BC. Therefore, evolving and expanding data about religious beliefs and practices in the historical process made it necessary to use different methods and approaches that will enable to understand and analyze this data in a correct, systematic and comprehensively way. In this context, the method of classifying religions according to certain categories within in the framework of the religious materials obtained has been formed and has been used by updating by many Eastern and Western religious researchers from the past to the present. From the second half of the nineteenth century, approaches of classification of religions have take over with increasing the number of classification of religions attempts and their using in religious studies.Öğe Ninian Smart and His Phenomenology of Religion(Cumhuriyet Univ, Fac Theology, 2017) Ozcan, SevketThe main aim of the dissertation is profounding the parameters of Phenomenology of Religion of Ninian Smart, who is accepted as the most important religious scholars of the modern era. In this regard, especially by applying to the Smart's works, it has been tried to bring his understanding of Phenomenology of Religion. The dissertation consists of an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion. In the introduction part; the importance, purpose and limits of the subject, methods used and resources have been discussed. In the first part; in general the emergence and basic features of Phenomenology of Religion, basic concepts put forward by the major religious phenomenologists and scientific position of Phenomenology of Religion and fundamental criticisms of it have been given a place. In the second part; the life, the scientific personality and works of Smart then discussed, focused on how to apply phenomenology. In this regard, the seven-dimensional model of religion that his religion/religions fenomenological defining and investigation aproach and based on this model, concerning religion/religions his phenomenological investigations has tried to put forward. At the end of this part, especially evaluations for his seven-dimensional model of religion have been given. In the third part; we have focused on methods used by Smart in Phenomenology of Religion and his criticisms for phenomenologists of religion. After discussed the meaning and mission of Phenomenology of Religion by Smart, basic features of his fenomenological understanding and used concepts and methods in his Phenomenology of Religion have been analysed. Also, his basis criticisms of phenomenologist of religion such as Gerardus van der Leeuw, Rudolf Otto, Joachim Wach, Mircea Eliade and Wilfred Cantwell Smith have been mentioned. At the end of the part, evaluations for his fenomenological understanding have been given. In the conclusion part; in the framework of the basic assumptions which has been set out in this study, Smart's phenomenological understanding contributions, in general, to the field of History of Religion and Phenomenology of Religion and its importance have been stated in a descriptive way.
