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Öğe Comparision of The Efficiency of Ethacridine Lactate and Hypochlorous Acid During the Early Period of Wound Healing in Rats(2021) Alhbou, Yehia; Karslı, Birkan; Sümer, TuğçeThe aim of this study is to compare the effects of ethacridine lactate and hypochlorous acid on wound healing in rats through clinical and histopathological studies. The rats were divided into three groups; group 1; control group, group 2; hypochlorous acid (HOCL) group, group 3; ethacridine lactate (EL) group. Each group contained seven animals. Under anesthesia, a 20 mm long full layer skin resection was performed from dorsal interscapular region. Wound sizes were measured with millimetric paper on the 3rd, 7th and 14th day postoperatively. At the end of the 14th day, the animals were sacrificed under deep anesthesia and extensive skin resection of the wound area was performed and sent for histopathological examination. Macroscopic examination of wounds revealed that the wound was completely closed without any crust formation in the HOCL group, and also there was only a scar left in some animals of the HOCL group at the end of 14th day. Mild inflammatory cell, intense fibroblast activity and the lowest SOD and GPx immunoreactivity were found in the HOCL group compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Consequently, it was observed that macroscopically and histopathologically, the wound healing was faster in animals treated with HOCL compared to those who were in the EL and the control group.Öğe Farelerde kronik ensefalitik Toxoplasma gondii enfeksiyonunda, konak-parazit ilişkisi ve konak immun yanıtının fonksiyonel nöropatoloji ile araştırılması(Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, 2018) Sümer, Tuğçe; Kul, Prof. OğuzBu tez çalışmasında, kronik ensefalitik toksoplazmozun farklı dönemlerinde "T. gondii- etkilenen hücre tipi- sitokinsel yanıt" ın aynı anda değerlendirilmesi ve konak immun yanıtının nöropatolojik olarak araştırılması amaçlandı. Ensefalitik toksoplazmoz modeli oluşturmak için, 30 adet C57BL/ 6 fare ME49 takizoitleriyle intraperitoneal olarak enfekte edildi, 10 adet fare ise kontrol grubunu oluşturdu. Fareler sırasıyla; enfeksiyonun 30, 60 ve 180. günlerinde sakrifiye edildi ve beyin dokuları toplandı. Histopatolojik, immunohistokimyasal ve moleküler testlerle; beynin farklı bölgelerindeki T. gondii varlığı, konağın yangısal yanıtı (CD4+, CD8+, FOXP3+, CD11b+, CD11c+, CD19+, GFAP+ hücre populasyonları ile IL-12, TNF-?, IFN-?, IL-1ß, IL-5, IL-6, IL- 18, IL-4 ve IL-10 ekspresyonları) değerlendirildi. Sonuç olarak; tüm gruplarda serebral korteks, amigdala, striatum ve ventral tegmental alanda T. gondii takizoitlerine, hem etkenin kendisinden hem de neden olduğu yangısal yanıttan etkilenen nöronlara, glial hücrelere ve astositlere rastlandı. Grup I' in daha çok akut aşama bulgularını yansıttığı ve asıl kronik enfeksiyonun 60'ıncı günden sonra şekillendiği görüldü. Pro-enflamatuar sitokinlerin enfeksiyonun erken döneminde özellikle CD4+ hücrelerden, anti-enflamatuar sitokinlerin ise enfeksiyonun geç döneminde özellikle CD8+ hücrelerden salındığı ve yine bunların T. gondii varlığının daha fazla olduğu beyin bölgeleri olduğu saptandı. İlginç olarak, enfeksiyonun kronik döneminde fazla eksprese edilmesi beklenen ve T. gondii enfeksiyonunu bu yönüyle psikiyatrik bozukluklarla ilişkilendiren IL-1ß ve IL-6, Grup III' te diğer gruplara oranla daha düşük olduğu tespit edildi. Böylece bu çalışmayla; ensefalitik toksoplazmozda 30' uncu, 60'ıncı ve 180' inci günlerde etkilenen bölgelerin haritası çıkarıldı ve buralarda eksprese olan sitokinler ile onları salgılayan ve onlardan etkilenen hücreler bir arada gösterilerek genel bir immunopatogenez tablosu oluşturulmuş oldu. Anahtar Sözcükler: Ensefalitik toksoplazmoz, immunofloresan, immunoperoksiaz, sitokin, Toxoplasma gondiiÖğe Investigation of the Endothelial Response of the Super Elastic Braided Stent: An Experimental Evaluation(2020) Karahan, Oğuz; Öcal, Naci; Sümer, Tuğçe; Hafız, Erhan; Khalıl, EmcedAim: This study aimed to experimentally investigate the vascular biocompatibility of the new super elastic braided stents and ultrasonographically follow up the mid-term outcomes on the blood flow of stent-implanted vessels. Method: After designation of the study steps, stents were implanted into the iliac arteries of two ewes. The preoperative and postoperative blood flow and local findings were noted. The ewes were inspected periodically for abnormal body changes, and the stent-implanted vessels were checked with Doppler ultrasonography. The subjects were sacrificed at six months, and the iliac arteries were examined histopathologically. Results: During follow up an occlusive pattern was not observed in the stentimplanted vessels. The histopathological analysis revealed that both two stent area had no significant neointimal hyperplasia, despite sufficient re-endothelisation at the stent surface. Occlusive or stenotic patterns were not detected in both macroscopic and microscopic findings. Conclusion: According to the mid-term findings, our results show that the new super elastic bare stents have good vascular biocompatibility with high patency rates.Öğe The Effect of Fluoride Toxication on Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum of Broilers(2018) Aydoğan, İlkay; Yıldırım, Ebru; Kabakçı, Ruhi; Sümer, TuğçeThe aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of fluoride toxication on the contraction and histopathological changes of duodenum, jejunum and ileum of broiler chicken. A total of 80 Ross 308 one-day-old male chicks assigned to 2 treatment groups with 4 replicates of 10 birds per replicated. 1st group was control group and the second group was a fluoride toxicated group, which was given 800 mg / kg flouride with the diet. Between 42 and 49 days of the study, randomly 3 chickens were chosen from each replicate group. Therefore totally 24 chickens were used to determine the contractile activity and examine the histopathological changes in the intestine. The broilers were decapitated and the duodenum, jejunum and ileum preparations were isolated, and mounted under 1 g of basal tension at isolated organ bath. The acetylcholine contractions were examined. There were no significant difference in the contraction of jejunum and ileum preparations, but the duodenum contractions were significantly decreased in fluoride given group as compared to control group, and in fluoride given group 7 of 13 duodenal samples showed no response to ACh. Microscopically; duodenal villus height / villus width ratio was 3.88 in fluoride group, while 6.84 in the control group. This significant ratio difference showed that fluoride could have a toxic effect caused by the villi thickness with severe mononuclear cell infiltration, hyperplasia of the lymphoid follicles and mild haemorrhagia in lamina propria. However there were no histopathological changes in jejunum and ileum between fluoride and control groups. These histopathological results were supported by the pharmacological findings. It is concluded that fluoride toxication affected the duodenal contractions and caused histopathological changes on the normal villus structure of duodenum in the broiler chicken.Öğe Tracking acute phase protein response during acute and chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection(Springernature, 2019) Atmaca, Hasan Tarık; Gazyagcı, Aycan Nuriye; Terzi, Osman Safa; Dinçel, Güngör Çağdaş; Sümer, TuğçeToxoplasmosis is a disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, which occurs worldwide in mammals and birds. Brain is the primary target organ because Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous intracellular parasite that causes most frequently life-threatening encephalitis in immunocompromised patients. Relation of tissue cysts number, histopathology score and acute phase proteins were investigated. In this study, 36 mice are infected with Me49 strain of Toxoplasma gondii. The control group has 6 healthy mice. After inoculation of Toxoplasma gondii, at 10., 15., 20., 30., 45., 60. days, 6 each mice euthanized after collection of blood samples. Hemopexin, haptoglobulin, macroglobulin, serum amyloid A and clusterin levels are determined by ELISA. Then, brain tissues were investigated histopathologically and lesions were scored. The average cyst numbers were determined by counting three samples (25 mu l each) of each brain homogenate under light microscopy. Inflammatory reaction was observed on day 10 days after inoculation (d.a.i.) The lesions were characterized by perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration, focal mononuclear cell infiltration in the meninges, and glial proliferation. Tissue cysts were observed in all Toxoplasma gondii-infected groups. The highest lesion score was observed at 60 d.a.i. And the most tissue cyst number were on day 30. d.a.i. Serum levels of hemopexin, haptoglobulin, macroglobulin, serum amyloid A and clusterin were significantly higher than the control group on day 10-20., 10., 10-30., 10.,10-45 d.a.i., respectively. High level of acute phase proteins in mice on certain days infected with Toxoplasma gondii was exhibited a relationship between brain lesions and tissue cysts.
