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    Common Cold in Children
    (Springer International Publishing, 2021) Susaman, Nihat; Muluk, Nuray Bayar; Sallavaci, Suela
    Upper respiratory tract infection (URI) represents the most common acute illness evaluated in the outpatient setting. URIs range from the common cold—typically a mild, self-limited, catarrhal syndrome of the nasopharynx—to life-threatening illnesses such as epiglottitis (1). © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.
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    Could breastfeeding be a protective factor for sleep apnea?
    (Springer International Publishing, 2023) Kilinc, Saltuk Bugra; Muluk, Nuray Bayar; Sallavaci, Suela
    Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is more than expected in children, such as 1-6% of children and adolescents have obstructive sleep apnea [1]. Most of the kids that get it are between the ages of 2 and 8. The likelihood of upper airway collapse, and therefore of pediatric OSA, may be decreased or raised by a number of variables. Obesity is a major contributor to the risk. The incidence of OSA rises to 19-61% when the population is broken down into obese children [2-5]. According to studies, the chance of developing OSA increases by 10-12% for every percentage point over the 50th percentile that a person's body mass index (BMI) resides in [6, 7]. There is a possibility of upper airway reduction with adenoids and tonsils that have grown too large; therefore, this condition has been described as a risk factor as well. Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea is often treated by adenotonsillectomy [8]. While inflammation of the nasal mucosa is thought to cause congestion, which in turn may raise airway resistance, allergic rhinitis (AR) is also considered a risk factor [9]. Moreover, maxillofacial anomalies and malocclusion have been linked to pediatric OSA [10]. Changes in the size, location, or shape of the jaws and/or tongue may limit the upper airway, increasing the risk of blockage [9]. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. All rights reserved.