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Öğe A phenomenological study of nurses' experiences with maternal guilt in Turkey(Wiley, 2021) Karakaya, Pinar Oke; Sonmez, Seda; Asik, ElifAim: This study aims to describe nurses' views on what it is like to be a working mother in Turkey. Background: Most mothers are in the workforce but continue to fulfil their traditional roles at home. This emerges as an important factor causing mothers to try to find a balance between work and home. Method: For this purpose, a semi-structured form was used in face-to-face interviews conducted with 17 participants. A phenomenological design was preferred in this qualitative study. Results: The findings obtained from the study revealed the six themes of `the sense of inadequacy/helplessness, the sense of responsibility, the strong desire to have a positive effect, gender role stereotypes, the choice between achieving a successful career and being a good mother, but with a sense of depletion'. Conclusion: The results obtained from the study of nurses in Turkey have shed light on how policies should be developed to eliminate work-life barriers in realizing the roles of motherhood. Implications for Nursing Management: The study results will guide nurse managers in taking the steps needed to incorporate arrangements that will result in balanced conduct of work and home for nurses.Öğe Determinants of health expenditure in OECD countries: A decision tree model(Professional Medical Publications, 2017) Akca, Nesrin; Sonmez, Seda; Yilmaz, AliObjective: This study aimed to identify the major variables in the estimation of health expenditure in OECD member countries with the decision tree method and to categorize the member countries by health expenditure. Methods: The study population comprised the 2014 data of the 35 OECD countries. In the study, health expenditure as a share of gross domestic product was the dependent variable while gross domestic product per capita, percentage of total population covered by public and private insurance, out-of-pocket health expenditure as percentage of total expenditure on health, age dependency ratio, life expectancy at birth, number of hospitals per million population, number of physicians per 1000 population/head counts, pharmaceutical sales and perceived health status were designated as independent variables. The decision tree model was constructed with the CART algorithm using the Orange data mining software package. Results: In the study, GDP per capita, life expectancy at birth, age dependency ratio, number of hospitals and percentage of the population with a bad perceived health status were identified as the major variables in the estimation of health expenditure. OECD countries were categorized in 6 groups according to the decision tree model. According to the CART algorithm used in the model, the classification accuracy rate and the precision of estimation were computed as 80.56% and 81.25%, respectively. Conclusion: The study results revealed that the most important determinant for estimating the share of GDP allocated to health expenditure was GDP per capita. Future studies should be conducted with the inclusion of different variables in the model.Öğe Determining the factors affecting the technical efficiency scores of public hospitals using different regression methods(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2021) Sahin, Bayram; Ilgun, Gulnur; Sonmez, SedaPurpose This study aims to identify the efficiency scores of hospitals affiliated to the Ministry of Health in Turkey between the years of 2010-2015 at provincial level and to reveal the factors that affect the efficiency scores. Design/methodology/approach The two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) method was used to achieve the study purpose. In the first stage, DEA method based on input-oriented Charnes-Cooper-Rhodes (CCR) model was performed to calculate the efficiency scores of public hospitals at the provincial level between 2010 and 2015, and in the second stage, Tobit regression and linear regression analyses were used to identify whether the efficiency scores of provinces are affected by the input, output and control variables. Findings Upon the analysis, the average efficiency scores of 81 provinces by years were found to vary between 0.79 and 0.89. According to both regression analyses, all of the input and output variables were found to have significant effects on the efficiency scores of provinces while only the population of province among the control variables was identified as the factor with an effect on the efficiency scores of provinces (p < 0.05). Practical implications The results of this study are thought to guide health policymakers and managers in terms of both determining efficient and inefficient hospitals at the provincial level and revealing which variables should be taken into account in order to increase efficiency. Originality/value The study differs from previous studies on the efficiency of hospitals. First, although previous studies were generally descriptive studies to determine the efficiency level of hospitals, this study is an analytical study that tries also to show the factors affecting the efficiency of hospitals. In addition, while examining the effect of input and output variables on efficiency scores, control variables were also included in the study.Öğe An Evidence-Based Approach to Outcome Measurement in Oral and Dental Health Services: Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Oral Health Impact(Wiley, 2019) Top, Mehmet; Sonmez, Seda; Aslan, HuseyinPurpose The purpose of this study was to examine the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQOL) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) of oral and dental health patients in terms of gender, educational status, and the reason for coming to the oral health center. Also, we investigated the relationships between OHRQOL and OHIP. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted and planned for dental patients in Turkey. OHRQOL-United Kingdom (OHRQOL-UK) and OHIP-14 were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, student t-tests, and ANOVA were used for data analyses. Results Of 527 respondents, 62.8% were female, and 37.2% were male. One-hundred-forty-one (26.8%) participants were illiterate. Three-hundred-fifty-four (67.20%) dental patients had an elementary school degree. Only 32 (6.10%) participants graduated from college and bachelor programs. For dimensions of the OHIP-14 and OHRQOL-UK, we detected statistically significant differences in personal characteristics. We found that gender, marital status, age, education status, and reasons for coming to the hospital have a significant impact on OHRQOL and OHIP. Linking Evidence to Action These results are expected to provide important evidence-based information to health managers and decision-makers in health planning and reimbursement policies. Clinicians and health managers should use OHIP, quality of life (QOL), and evidence-based practice to determine individual treatments and approaches to improve oral health. QOL is an outcome indicator in healthcare services and evidence-based practice. Measurements of evidence-based health outcomes in national health systems can be made, and global comparisons and policies in oral and dental health can be developed.Öğe Measuring the efficiency of Turkish maternal and child health hospitals: A two-stage data envelopment analysis(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2022) Ilgun, Gulnur; Sonmez, Seda; Konca, Murat; Yetim, BirolThis study aims to examine the changes in efficiency and efficiency levels of the maternal and child health hospitals in Turkey from 2014 to 2017, by applying two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA). At the first stage of the study, the efficiency of the hospitals was evaluated with input-oriented CCR (Charnes, Cooper, Rhodes) and Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI). At the second stage, panel Tobit regression analysis was utilized to find out the factors that affect the efficiency scores specified at the first stage. According to the results of the first stage, the mean efficiency values calculated for 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017 were 0.83, 0.90, 0.86, and 0.80, respectively. At the second stage, it was revealed that the variables of not being in a metropolis and having 200 beds at least had statistically a significant effect on the efficiency score (p < 0.05) whereas being a training and research hospital was ineffective (p > 0.05). The number of the studies which assess the efficiency of maternal and child health hospitals in Turkey was quite limited. Moreover, such studies do not contain second-stage analyses. Lastly, it is thought that those results will provide health policy-makers substantial and evidence based information in the allocation of the resources for the related services.Öğe Mediating Effect of Employee Performance on the Relationship Between Emotional Labour and Intent to Leave Among Nurses(Sage Publications India Pvt Ltd, 2023) Sahin, Bayram; Ilgun, Gulnur; Sonmez, SedaIn this study, it was aimed to examine the effect of nurses' emotional labor levels on their intention to leave and to determine whether employee performance plays a mediating role in this relationship. The study is of descriptive cross-sectional type, which was conducted through a questionnaire on nurses. The surface acting has positive effect on the intent to leave among nurses, whereas deep acting has negative effect; employee performance has partial mediating role on the relationship between the surface acting and intent to leave, and the relationship between deep acting and intent to leave. The study is considered to provide significant tips in the identification of nurses with higher risk to leave the work, and in deciding managerial interventions that would be realised against such circumstances. It is suggested that it may be beneficial for nurse managers to organise training in their units, to evaluate the performance of nurses at regular intervals and thus to determine the reason for the increase and decrease, to plan activities that will reduce emotional burden.Öğe Prioritization of the policies and practices applied in Turkey to fight against covid-19 through AHP technique(Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Saude Publica, 2021) Yetim, Birol; Sonmez, Seda; Konca, Murat; Ilgun, GulnurConcerns about covid-19 become deeper globally. Due to these concerns, all countries, international health institutions, health authorities and health care professionals in the world take several measures through policies or practices to control and handle covid-19 pandemic. For example; different types of policies in the fight against covid-19 have been launched in Turkey. Therefore, in this study, we sought to determine how policies and practices against covid-19 were prioritized by health care professionals and other segments of society via AHP method. We observed that the order of importance of health care professionals and other segments of the society regarding the policies and practices used in combating the covid-19 outbreak was quite similar between the groups. The covid-19 test policy was revealed as the most important one of both groups. However, social welfare programs have more significance than economic measures for society, while health care professionals are more concerned with economic measures. With this study, we intend to provide evidence-based information to decision-makers in combating the pandemic.Öğe Quality of life and oral health impact profile in Turkish dental patients(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2016) Sonmez, Seda; Top, MehmetBackground: OHRQoL, oral health impact assessment and QoL in oral health have become central to dental and oral health research. Researchers studying oral health problems have used OHRQoL as an outcome measure to determine the effect of treatment on QoL in health technology assessment. Aim: Here we aimed to evaluate the effect of oral health related quality of life and oral health impact dimensions on general health related quality of life. Method: Outpatients (n=527) at a public dental hospital were incorporated into the study. Data were collected using a survey, including questions addressing socio-demographic features, oral health related quality of life (Oral Health Impact Profile-14 [OHIP14] and Oral Health Related Quality of Life - United Kingdom [OHRQoL-UK]) and general health related quality of life (SF-36). Results: We found that OHIP-14, OHRQoL-UK responses significantly correlated with the physical and mental health dimensions of the SF-36. Our data will be useful for health managers and decision makers in health planning and reimbursement policies. Conclusion: The research results are expected to provide important evidence based information to health managers and decision makers in health planning, health technology assessment, and reimbursement policies. (C) 2016 Fellowship of Postgraduate Medicine. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe The Granger Causality Between Health Expenditure and Gross Domestic Product in OECD Countries(Sage Publications India Pvt Ltd, 2022) Ilgun, Gulnur; Konca, Murat; Sonmez, SedaThe aim of this study is to reflect the causality relationship between the exchange ratio in gross domestic product (dGDP) and health expenditures per capita (HEPC) among OECD countries based on purchasing power parity in dollars through Granger causality test. Within this perspective, HEPC data of 26 OECD member countries between the years 1992 and 2014 and GDP exchange ratio between the periods 1992-1993 and 2014-2015 were analysed. As a result of the analysis, the relation between the exchange ratio in GDP and HEPC is unilateral in 9 countries and bilateral in 2 countries while there has not been any relation in 15 countries. There are strong relations between the revenues of countries and their health expenditures. The results from this study is considered to lead the health policy makers and planners in taking administrative decisions.Öğe The Relationship Between the Health Transformation Program and Health Expenditures: Evidence From an Autoregressive Distributed Lag Testing Approach(Elsevier, 2023) Ilgun, Gulnur; Konca, Murat; Sonmez, SedaObjectives: As health expenditure increases every year, countries try to provide accessible health services to society and try to protect individuals from the expenses they cannot overcome by investigating the reason for this increase. Especially with the arrangements made in the health systems in developing countries such as Turkey, it has been tried to take the control of dramatic increases in health expenditure. Based on this issue, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of income per capita, annual inflation, and health reform called as Health Transformation Program on the health expenditure per capita in Turkey.Methods: This study reflected the effects of income, inflation, and the reform on the total health expenditure through the autoregressive distributed lag. This study covered the years between 1985 and 2016 for Turkey.Results: As a result of this study, there was a positive relationship between health expenditure and income and a negative relationship with the reform (P , .05).Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is suggested that health expenditures can be kept under control with improvements such as encouraging individuals to use more primary healthcare services than curative health services and increasing the quality of service without compromising the equity in financing.
