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    1-heptanol/benzin karışımlarının kullanıldığı buji ateşlemeli motorun çalışma parametrelerinin Taguchi tasarım metodu ile iyileştirilmesi
    (2021) Wieren, Leila Miller-Van; Yeşilyurt, Murat; Uslu, Samet
    Bu çalışmada, optimum motor çıkışına karşılık gelen motor değişkenlerinin optimum değerlerini saptamak için varyans analizi (ANOVA) destekli Taguchi tasarım metodu kullanılmıştır. Tasarım için 1-heptanol oranı (HO), sıkıştırma oranı (SO) ve motor yükü, motor değişkenleri olarak seçilirken, bu değişkenlere bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan fren efektif verim (FEV) ve fren özgül yakıt tüketimi (FÖYT) motor cevapları olarak seçilmiştir. Motor değişkenlerinden HO için %0, %5 ve %15, SO için 6.0:1, 8.0:1 ve 10.0:1, yük için 9, 18 ve 27 Nm olmak üzere üç farklı değer seçilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, en iyi FEV ve FÖYT değerlerinin elde edilmesi için gereken optimum motor çalışma parametreleri %5 HO, 10.0:1 SO ve 27 Nm yük olarak bulunmuştur. Optimum çalışma parametrelerine istinaden ortaya çıkan FEV ve FÖYT ise sırasıyla %33.1195 ve 0.2782 kg/kWh olarak bulunmuştur. Optimizasyondan elde edilen sonuçlar ile deney sonuçları kıyaslandığında ise %10’dan daha az bir hatayla optimizasyonun başarılı bir şekilde yapıldığı ortaya çıkmıştır.
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    Öğe
    Buji Ateşlemeli Bir Motorda Yüksek Performans ve Düşük Emisyon Elde Etmek Amacıyla Kullanılacak Optimum Metanol Oranının Cevap Yüzey Metodu ile Belirlenmesi
    (2021) Yaman, Hayri; Yeşilyurt, Murat; Uslu, Samet
    Bu çalışmada, buji ateşlemeli bir motorda alternatif yakıt olarak kullanılan metanolün performans ve emisyonlar açısından optimum seviyesinin cevap yüzey metodu ile belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, benzine hacimsel olarak üç farklı oranda metanol (%0, %10 ve %20) ilave edilerek oluşturulan yakıt karışımları ile tek silindirli, dört zamanlı, su soğutmalı, buji ateşlemeli bir motorda farklı motor yüklerinde (6, 8, 10, 12 ve 14 kg) deneyler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen deney sonuçları ile iki faktörlü merkezi kompozit tam tasarım kullanılarak varyans analizi destekli bir cevap yüzey modeli oluşturulmuş ve en iyi fren efektif verimi, fren özgül yakıt tüketimi, karbon monoksit, hidrokarbon, karbondioksit ve azot monoksit emisyonu seviyelerine karşılık gelen optimum metanol oranı ve motor yükü değerleri tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen optimizasyon sonuçlarına göre optimum metanol oranı %7 çıkarken, optimum motor yükü 12 kg olarak bulunmuştur. Optimum metanol oranı ve motor yüküne karşılık gelen fren efektif verimi, fren özgül yakıt tüketimi, karbon monoksit, hidrokarbon, karbondioksit ve azot monoksit sırasıyla %32,037, 0,251 kg/kWh, %0,384, 110,05 ppm, %14,35 ve 1090,358 ppm olarak elde edilmiştir. Cevap yüzey metodu sonuçlarının doğruluğunun belirlenmesi için elde edilen optimum metanol ve motor yükü ile deneyler gerçekleştirilmiş ve cevap yüzey metodu sonuçları ile kıyaslanmıştır. Optimizasyon sonuçlarının deney sonuçları ile %6’dan daha düşük bir hata oranı ile uyumlu olduğu ve optimum metanol oranının tespiti için cevap yüzey metodunun etkili olarak kullanılabilecek bir araç olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
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    Öğe
    Impact prediction model of acetone at various ignition advance by artificial neural network and response surface methodology techniques for spark ignition engine
    (Edp Sciences S A, 2022) Uslu, Samet; Yesilyurt, Murat Kadir; Yaman, Hayri
    In this study, it was aimed to predict and optimize the effects of acetone/gasoline mixtures on spark ignition engine responses at different engine speeds and ignition advance values with artificial neural network and response surface methodology. The regression results obtained from response surface methodology show that absolute variance ratio values for all answers are greater than 0.96. Correlation coefficient values obtained from artificial neural network were obtained higher than 0.91. Mean absolute percentage error values were between 0.8859% and 9.01427% for artificial neural network, while it was between 1.146% and 8.957% for response surface methodology. Optimization study with response surface methodology revealed that the optimum results are 1700 rpm engine speed, 2% acetone ratio and 11 degrees before top dead center ignition advance with a combined desirability factor of 0.76523%. Additionally, in accordance with the confirmation analysis among the optimal outcomes and the estimation outcomes, it was stated that there is a great harmony with a maximum error percentage of 7.662%. As a result, it is concluded that the applied response surface methodology and artificial neural network models can perfectly provide the impact of acetone percentage on spark ignition engine responses at different engine speeds and ignition advance values.
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    Öğe
    Modeling of a port fuel injection spark-ignition engine with different compression ratios using methanol blends with the response surface methodology
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2023) Yesilyurt, Murat Kadir; Uslu, Samet; Yaman, Hayri
    In this study, the response surface methodology was applied to verify the optimum compression ratio, methanol percentage, and engine load in order to obtain the best levels of engine response that will occur when using methanol (0, 10, and 20% by vol.) in a spark-ignition engine under different compression ratio (6.0:1, 8.0:1, and 10.0:1) and engine load (8, 10, and 12 kg) conditions. A response surface methodology aided by analysis of variance was created using the three-factor and three-level central composite full design with the results of the experiment. With the created model, optimum methanol percentage, compression ratio, and engine load levels corresponding to the finest brake thermal efficiency, brake-specific fuel consumption, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon, and nitrogen oxide emission levels were determined. According to the optimization results, the optimum methanol percentage, compression ratio, and engine load were found to be 10.5%, 6.0:1, and 12 kg, respectively. Hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, brake thermal efficiency , and brake-specific fuel consumption corresponding to optimum operating conditions were determined as 63.568 ppm, 840.643 ppm, 0.365%, 14.059%, 28.199%, and 0.286 kg/kWh, respectively. To test the reliability of the response surface methodology results, experiments with optimal methanol, compression ratio, and engine load were carried out and compared with the response surface methodology findings. As a result, it can be said that the response surface methodology is a successful application for the optimization of a spark-ignition engine using methanol as an alternative fuel with different engine parameters.
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    Öğe
    Optimization of Parameters Affecting the Performance and Emissions of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with n-Pentanol/Gasoline Blends Using Taguchi Method
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2021) Uslu, Samet; Yaman, Hayri; Yesilyurt, Murat Kadir
    As operating factors play an important role in engine emissions and performance, it is important to explore the simultaneous impact of various operating factors on engine performance and emission responses. Taguchi method was used in order to determine the suitability of using n-pentanol in spark ignition engine and to determine the optimum operating conditions with fewer experiments instead of many experiments. Engine load, n-pentanol percentage and ignition advance were selected as engine operating variables. Three different levels were determined for each of the selected engine variables and an experimental design was created using the Taguchi method. Taguchi method proposed L-27 (3 (boolean AND) 3) orthogonal array experimental design for three different variables with three different levels. According to the graphs of signal-to-noise ratio obtained with Taguchi design, simultaneous optimum results of all responses were generally determined as high n-pentanol percentage, average ignition advance and average load. According to results, Taguchi design method is an effective method with the aim of defining the impact rates of engine operating parameters and to optimize engine operating variables for best engine performance and emissions.
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    Öğe
    Simultaneous optimization of multiple engine parameters of a 1-heptanol / gasoline fuel blends operated a port-fuel injection spark- ignition engine using response surface methodology approach
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2022) Yaman, Hayri; Yesilyurt, Murat Kadir; Uslu, Samet
    Due to increasing air pollution and decreasing fuel reserves, the search for environmentally friendly fuels continues and a lot of time and money are spent in the experiments for these searches. Therefore, it is very important to be able to determine the optimal parameter levels for a fuel's use in the engine through several experiments. For this purpose, in this study, the design of experiments (DoE)-based response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine the optimum compression ratio (CR), engine load, and 1-heptanol percentage in a spark ignition (SI) engine to obtain the best performance such as brake thermal efficiency (BTHE), brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and emission values such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrocarbon (HC) and nitrogen oxide (NOx). The data required for the RSM model were obtained from the experiments performed at three different 1-heptanol percentages (0, 10%, and 20%), three different CRs (6.0:1, 8.0:1, and 10.0:1), and three different engine loads (4, 8, and 12 kg). Optimum operating parameters to achieve the best performance and emission values were determined as 8% 1-heptanol, 10.0:1 CR, and 6 kg engine load. The BTHE, BSFC, CO, CO2, HC, and NOx, were found to be 26.03%, 0.32 kg/kWh, 0.56%, 15.07%, 182.54 ppm, and 676.16 ppm according to optimum working parameters, respectively. In addition, according to the validation study, the error rates between the optimum results and the experimental results were acceptable between 0.74% and 8.96%. Experimental results reveal that 10% 1-heptanol addition improved BTHE and BSFC by an average of 5% and 2.5%, respectively, but did not affect NOx, much. With the addition of 20% 1-heptanol, the CO emission was improved by an average of 8.5%. In terms of HC and CO2, the effect of 1-heptanol was negative. By increasing the compression ratio to 10, BTHE, BSFC, CO, and HC were positively affected, while CO2 and NOx emissions were negatively affected. It is thought that this study will be a reference study since it provides optimum operating parameters of the engine when 1-heptanol will be used as an alternative fuel in the gasoline engine. (C) 2020 The Author(s).
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    Öğe
    Simultaneous optimization of multiple engine parameters of a 1-heptanol / gasoline fuel blends operated a port-fuel injection spark-ignition engine using response surface methodology approach
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Yaman, Hayri; Yesilyurt, Murat Kadir; Uslu, Samet
    Due to increasing air pollution and decreasing fuel reserves, the search for environmentally friendly fuels continues and a lot of time and money are spent in the experiments for these searches. Therefore, it is very important to be able to determine the optimal parameter levels for a fuel's use in the engine through several experiments. For this purpose, in this study, the design of experiments (DoE)-based response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine the optimum compression ratio (CR), engine load, and 1-heptanol percentage in a spark ignition (SI) engine to obtain the best performance such as brake thermal efficiency (BTHE), brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and emission values such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrocarbon (HC) and nitrogen oxide (NOx). The data required for the RSM model were obtained from the experiments performed at three different 1-heptanol percentages (0, 10%, and 20%), three different CRs (6.0:1, 8.0:1, and 10.0:1), and three different engine loads (4, 8, and 12 kg). Optimum operating parameters to achieve the best performance and emission values were determined as 8% 1-heptanol, 10.0:1 CR, and 6 kg engine load. The BTHE, BSFC, CO, CO2, HC, and NOx were found to be 26.03%, 0.32 kg/kWh, 0.56%, 15.07%, 182.54 ppm, and 676.16 ppm according to optimum working parameters, respectively. In addition, according to the validation study, the error rates between the optimum results and the experimental results were acceptable between 0.74% and 8.96%. Experimental results reveal that 10% 1-heptanol addition improved BTHE and BSFC by an average of 5% and 2.5%, respectively, but did not affect NOx much. With the addition of 20% 1-heptanol, the CO emission was improved by an average of 8.5%. In terms of HC and CO2, the effect of 1-heptanol was negative. By increasing the compression ratio to 10, BTHE, BSFC, CO, and HC were positively affected, while CO2 and NOx emissions were negatively affected. It is thought that this study will be a reference study since it provides optimum operating parameters of the engine when 1-heptanol will be used as an alternative fuel in the gasoline engine. © 2020 The Author(s)