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Öğe Dermal squamous cell carcinoma (avian keratoacanthoma) in parakeets(Ankara Univ Press, 2010) Yildirim, M. Ziynet; Ozturk, Sibel E. Bilgihan; Pekcan, Zeynep; Kutsal, Osman; Vural, Sevil AtalayTumor suspected operation materials obtained from eight parakeets are evaluated clinically, pathologically and immunohistochemically. The age of the parakeets varied from seven months to nine years old. Four were male, one was a female and the sexes of the rest three were not identified. Six of the operation materials were taken from the above the tail while the other two from beneath the wings. Evaluated tumors were observed to be hard in consistency and whitish color on cut surface. At histopathological examination; it is seen that hyperchromatic nucleated, big, ovoid shaped, pale eosinophilic cytoplasmated cells had formed groups in dermis. Keratinized horn pearl formations are identified in the centers of most of these cell groups. Within the horn pearl formations hyperkeratotic, parakeratotic changes and calcifications are found. In some cases inflammation areas consisting of heterophil leukocytes, lymphocytes and plasma cells in the dermis are observed. Also in histopathological examination of one case, tubercle formations made of coagulation necrosis in the center surrounded by heterophil leukocytes, macrophages, epithelioid cells, lymphocytes and foreign body giant cells are found as well as tumoral formations. Groups of cudgel shaped, red colored bacteria are found in Ziehl-Neelsen staining of the sections. Tissues are stained for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p53 proteins immunohistochemically in order to interpret mitotic activity and malignancy of the tumor. TUNEL method is applied to the tissues to evaluate apoptosis.Öğe Detection of progressive and regressive phase and LINE-1 retrotransposon in transfected dogs with transmissible venereal tumor during chemotherapy(Korean Soc Veterinary Science, 2018) Vural, Sevil Atalay; Haziroglu, Rifki; Vural, Mehmet R.; Polat, Ibrahim M.; Tunc, Arda S.Canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is a tumor that commonly occurs in genital and extragenital sites of both genders. Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1) retrotransposon has a pivotal role in allogenic transfection among uncontrolled dog populations. This study aimed to perform pathomorphological, immunohistochemical, and in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) evaluation of CTVT (n = 18) in transfected dogs during chemotherapy. Immunohistochemically, tumor phases were investigated by using specific markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD79, and transforming growth factor beta [TGF-beta]), and investigated an amplified specific sequence of TVT LINE-1 retrotransposon by in situ PCR. Polyhedral-shaped neoplastic cells that had large, round, hypo/hyperchromatic nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm were detected. All marker results were positive, especially in the early weeks of recovery. CD4 and TGF-beta markers were conspicuously positive at the initial stage. In situ PCR LINE-1 sequence was initially positive in only four cases. It is believed that the CD and TGF-beta markers provide phase identification at tumor initiation and during chemotherapy. It is thought that presence of T and B lymphocytes, which have roles in cellular and humoral immunity, is needed so that regression of the tumor is possible.Öğe Effects of ovarian pathologies and uterine inflammations on adenomyosis in bitches(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2018) Yazlık, Murat Onur; Tunç, Arda Selin; Çolakoğlu, Mehmet Rıfat; Vural, Mehmet Rıfat; Kuplulu, Şükrü; Polat, İbrahim Mert; Vural, Sevil AtalayBackground: Adenomyosis is a non-neoplastic condition, characterized by the presence of endometrial glands or cells in the myometrium. Adenomyosis is defined by post-operative microscopic examination of uterine tissue and a rarely seen infertility problem in bitches. The process of transformation of healthy uterus into adenomiotic uterus is still a mystery. We aimed to determine role of ovarian pathologies and uterine inflammations on pathogenesis of uterine adenomyosis in bitches. Cases: After ovariohysterectomy, the uteri were fixed and processed by routine methods. Sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin, Masson's trichrome and Periodic-Acid-Schiff and immunohistochemically; with p53 protein, Ki-67, -smooth-muscle actin, cytokeratin-CK 8, 14, 19 antibodies, estrogen and progesterone receptors by Avidin-Biotin-Complex-Peroxidase method. Histopathologically, 7 of the collected tissue samples (n = 38) were diagnosed as adenomyosis. There were unilateral (n = 6) or bilateral (n = 1) adenomyosis in which endometrial glands had broken through the myometrium, and in some cases there were fibromyoma, inflammation, papillary hyperplasia and cysts in glands. Vaginal fibroma, fibromyoma and benign mix tumor (n = 1), simple carcinoma (n = 3), carcinosarcoma (n = 3) in mammary gland were determinated histopathologically. In addition to these findings, follicular cysts (n = 4), parovarian cyst (n = 1), adenocarcinoma and Rete ovarii adenoma were diagnosed in some ovaries. The CK 19 was scored at endometrial glands (n = 2) positively and also, muscle fibers were stained positively with -smooth-muscle actin antibody (n = 7). Discussion: Adenomyosis is an infertility problem in adult dogs and is hard to detect with routine gynecological examinations. Adenomyosis can be seen unaccompanied by other gynecological problems such as endometritis or leiomyomas, while mammary tumors with adenomyosis have been previously reported in women and in only one case of a bitch. Little is known of the interrelationships between gross pathological and endocrine features of ovarian cysts in bitches. Due to the local hormonal imbalance, most of these ovarian tumors and cystic structures might be accompanied with uterine-vaginal and mammary gland pathologies, cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra, adenomyosis, vaginal fibroma and mammary tumors. The hyperestrogenic metabolic state may promote both the invagination process and the overall spreading of adenomyosis into the myometrium. Adenomyosis is often associated with polyps, anovulation, hyperplasia without cytological atypia, and uterine leiomyoma which are produced by hyperestrogenic states. Prolactin appears to induce adenomyosis in mice and hyperprolactinemia may cause myometrial degeneration/weakness and subsequent endometrial invasion in the presence of ovarian steroids in women. Premature decline in progesterone, a problem ensues with prolactin release which can promote hyperprolactinemia or endogenous prolactin release. In addition to hormonal problems, uterine infections, immune factors and their products like cytokines and inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress and free radical metabolism also might have roles in the occurrence of adenomyosis. In the present study, four of seven adenomyotic uterine tissues had inflammation and 3 of 7 cases had pre-inflammatory changes. Changes in uterine tissues may increase cell infiltration and proliferation as well as the activity of immune cells which may promote development of adenomyosis in bitches. It is therefore possible that a defect in the p53 tumor suppressor gene may play an important role in the de novo neoplastic transformation of adenomyosis. In conclusion, adenomyosis can be observed bilaterally or unilaterally in dogs. Tissue damage under the influence of inflammation or hormonal disturbances might have a role in the occurrence of uterine adenomyosis. © 2018 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. All rights reserved.Öğe Granulosa theca cell tumor in an Arabian mare: Are immunohistochemically loss of GDF-9 and BMP-6 proteins associated with high GATA-4, inhibin-?, AMH expressions?(2013) Dal, Gamze Evkuran; Alçığır, Eray; Polat, İbrahim Mert; Vural, Sevil Atalay; Canatan, Hatice Esra; Vural, Mehmet Rıfat; Küplülü, ŞükrüBir Arap kısrağında granuloza-teka hücre tümörü (GTHT); klinik, patomorfolojik ve immunohistokimyasal (İHK) incelemelerle teşhis edildi. İmmunohistokimyasal olarak GTHTde; Transforming Growth factor-? ailesi [GDF-9 Growth Diff erentiation Factor-9 (GDF-9), Bone Morphogenetic Protein-6 (BMP-6), anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) ve inhibin-?], GATA ailesi (GATA-4 ve GATA-6) ve Insulin-like Growth Factor ailesi (IGF-1 and IGF-2) üyelerinin olası rolleri ortaya konmaya çalışıldı ve bulgular iki negatif kontrol ovaryum dokusuyla karşılaştırıldı. Neoplastik ovaryum dokusunda AMH, inhibin-?, IGF-2, GATA-4 orta derecede, IGF-1, GATA-6 ise hafif derecede pozitif sonuç verirken GDF-9 ve BMP-6 pozitifl ik göstermedi. Ayrıca kontrol grubu dokuların boyamalarında tüm belirteçler ile orta derecede pozitif sonuçlar elde edildi. Kısraklarda GTHT tümörogenezisinde yüksek GATA-4, AMH ve İnhibin-? düzeylerinin, GDF-9 ve BMP-6 eksikliğindeki önemli rolünü belirlemede mitojenik ve stres sinyallerine yanıttaki genlerin aktivasyonundan sorumlu transkripsiyon faktörlerinin de yeni moleküler çalışmalar ile incelenmesi gerekliliğini ortaya koymuştur.Öğe Granulosa theca cell tumor in an Arabian mare: Are immunohistochemically loss of GDF-9 and BMP-6 proteins associated with high GATA-4, inhibin-?, AMH expressions?(2013) Dal, Gamze Evkuran; Alçığır, Eray; Polat, İbrahim Mert; Vural, Sevil Atalay; Canatan, Hatice Esra; Vural, Mehmet Rıfat; Küplülü, ŞükrüBir Arap kısrağında granuloza-teka hücre tümörü (GTHT); klinik, patomorfolojik ve immunohistokimyasal (İHK) incelemelerle teşhis edildi. İmmunohistokimyasal olarak GTHT’de; Transforming Growth factor-? ailesi [GDF-9 Growth Diff erentiation Factor-9 (GDF-9), Bone Morphogenetic Protein-6 (BMP-6), anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) ve inhibin-?], GATA ailesi (GATA-4 ve GATA-6) ve Insulin-like Growth Factor ailesi (IGF-1 and IGF-2) üyelerinin olası rolleri ortaya konmaya çalışıldı ve bulgular iki negatif kontrol ovaryum dokusuyla karşılaştırıldı. Neoplastik ovaryum dokusunda AMH, inhibin-?, IGF-2, GATA-4 orta derecede, IGF-1, GATA-6 ise hafif derecede pozitif sonuç verirken GDF-9 ve BMP-6 pozitifl ik göstermedi. Ayrıca kontrol grubu dokuların boyamalarında tüm belirteçler ile orta derecede pozitif sonuçlar elde edildi. Kısraklarda GTHT tümörogenezisinde yüksek GATA-4, AMH ve İnhibin-? düzeylerinin, GDF-9 ve BMP-6 eksikliğindeki önemli rolünü belirlemede mitojenik ve stres sinyallerine yanıttaki genlerin aktivasyonundan sorumlu transkripsiyon faktörlerinin de yeni moleküler çalışmalar ile incelenmesi gerekliliğini ortaya koymuştur.Öğe An Investigation of the Effects of Curcumin on the Changes in the Central Nervous System of Rats Exposed to Aroclor 1254 in the Prenatal Period(Bentham Science Publ, 2018) Alcigir, Mehmet Eray; Dogan, Halef Okan; Dikmen, Begum Yurdakok; Dogan, Kubra; Vural, Sevil Atalay; Yilmaz, Fatma Meric; Isgoren, AtillaBackground & Objective: Aroclor 1254 is a widespread toxic compound of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), which can create significant nervous problems. No remedies have been found to date. The aim of this study was to reveal the damage that occurs in the central nervous system of rat pups exposed to Aroclor 1254 in the prenatal period and to show the inhibiting effect of curcumin, which is a strong anti-oxidant and neuroprotective substance. Method: The study established 3 groups of adult female and male Wistar albino rats. The rats were mated within these groups and the offspring rats were evaluated within the group given Aroclor 1254 only (n=10) and the group was given both Aroclor 1254 and curcumin (n=10) and the control group (n=10). The groups were compared in respect of pathomorphological damage. The immunohistochemical evaluation was made of 8-hydroxdeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 4-hydroxynoneal (4HNE), myelin basic protein (MBP) expressions and TUNEL reaction. The biochemical evaluation was made of the changes in the TAS-TOS and Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) levels. Damage was seen to have been reduced with curcumin in the 8OHdG and TUNEL reactions, especially in the forebrain and the midbrain, although the dosage applied did not significantly change TAS and TOS levels. Consequently, it was understood that Aroclor 1254 caused damage in the central nervous system of the pup in the prenatal period, and curcumin reduced these negative effects, particularly in the forebrain and the midbrain. Conclusion: It was concluded that curcumin could be a potential neuroprotective agent and would be more effective at higher doses.
